Hair Analysis for Drugs - SAMHSA
Hair Analysis for Drugs:
Cut-off Concentrations Analytes Stability
Christine Moore PhD, DSc Immunalysis Corporation
Drug Testing Advisory Board July 15th 2013
Overview
? Proposed Guidelines
? Cut-off concentrations ? Analytes ? Drug stability
? Further considerations for program
Rates of ED visits per 100,000 population involving illicit drugs, 2011
Drug
Rate of ED visits per 100,000 population
Cocaine
162
Marijuana
146
Heroin
83
Amphetamines/methamphetamines
51
PCP
24
Proposed Guidelines: Immunoassay / Screening
? Recommended cut-off (pg/mg)
Drug
Phencyclidine Opiates Cocaine
Amphetamines Cannabinoids
Methadone Buprenorphine Benzodiazepines
DTAB 2004
300 200 500 500
1 ----
EWDTS 2010 SOHT 2012
--
--
200
200
500
500
200
200
50
50
--
200
--
10
50
--
Proposed screening cut-off concentrations
Drug
Opiates Cocaine
DTAB 2004, EWDTS 2010, SOHT 2012,
pg/mg
pg/mg
pg/mg
200
200
200
500
500
500
Amphetamines
500
200
200
Cannabinoids
1
50
50
Considerations for immunoassay: Cocaine
Drug Cocaine BZE CE Norcocaine
Urine, % 5 90 0 0
Hair,% 60 25 10 5
Considerations for immunoassay: Heroin
Drug Heroin 6-AM Morphine M-3-g, M-6-g
Urine, % 0 5 10 85
Hair, % 10 50 35 2
Targeted immunoassay screens
? Basic drugs:
? Incorporate well into hair ? Parent compound (e.g. cocaine) incorporated to greater extent
than metabolites (e.g. BZE) ? So immunoassay must target cocaine, OR, if urine immunoassay
used, degree of conversion of cocaine to BZE in method must be measured ? 6-AM in higher concentration than morphine ? Immunoassay should target 6-AM, OR, degree of conversion to morphine must be measured
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