PRE- REVOLUTION - Claybaugh History

U.S. HISTORY

PRE- REVOLUTION

NAME: ________________ PERIOD:_______________ DUE DATE: _____________

I know how the French and Indian War led to start of the Revolutionary War I know the major events/acts that led up to the Revolutionary War and can identify with how the

colonists felt I know what Propaganda is and can identify patriot and loyalists perspectives leading up to the

Revolutionary War

Name:____________________________________________________________Date:_______________________Period:________________

The French and Indian War Notes

What was the French and Indian War also known as?________________________________________________ What were the years of the War?_______________________________________________________

Why was the French and Indian War called the Seven Years War in Europe?__________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Background: What's Going on in America?

Great Britain

France

Fur Traders/Trappers

_________________________________/Trappers

Farms/Plantations ________________population (__________Million) Allies with the Iroquois Confederacy

Often _____________________Native American and followed their ___________________________ Small population Generally ___________________better relations

with the Native Americans

Native American: Should I side with the British or the French?

Why?___________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Why did the French get along with the Natives better than the English?________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

George Washington:

What were the 4 occupations that Washington had in his life?____________________________,_______________________ _________________________________,____________________________________. Who did he marry?____________________________

Conflict:

British and French both claimed ______________________________ ___________________________ ______________________ During the Spring of ____________________, Washington is sent back to the ___________________ ____________________ ________________________ to build a _____________________________. Found the __________________________________already built fort Duquesne. Present day ________________________PA. British build fort Necessity near by. Washington _________________________a _____________________scouting party! British were soon __________________________and forced to ________________________. They returned to Virginia. Washington ____________________________an ________________________account of his experience in the ______________ Country and he became a _________________________for making the first ___________________________on the French.

Who was fighting who?

Draw the flags of the 2 allies

Draw the flags for the 2 allies

The Albany Plan

Who created the Albany Plan? __________________________________________What did he want to do with the colonies?_________________________________________________Why?_______________________________________________. The plan was __________________________________. Provided a model for ___________________ ___________________. What Message does this image send?______________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

Early Battles:

The French were greatly outnumbered but ___________key ___________ Most impressive win came on July 9 _________________ when __________ French and Native Americans ____________________a force of nearly ______________________British troops and _________________________militia. British General Edward ________________________________killed in battle. Who was Braddock's aide that organized the retreat after Braddock was killed_______________________________. How many horses were shot from underneath Washington?____________ How many bullet holes were found

in Washington's coat after the battle? _____________________. Fighting Techniques: How did the British

fight _________________________________________________________________How did the Native Americans and French fight?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

War is Declared:

Britain finally declared ___________________________with _____________________________in _____________________________. Britain allied with __________________________________, who fought France and its allies in_________________________ while Britain fought the _________________________in _______________________________America. Several British Forts were captured by the ________________________and many frontier farms of _________________were attacked. William Pitt becomes the __________________________of________________________. He selects skilled commanders to

lead British troops such as Jeffery Amherst and James Wolfe. William Pitt: Convinces

_______________________ to raise ________________________and _____________________huge sums of ________________________to fight war. More British troops begin to arrive to __________________against the ________________________. This turns the tide of the ________________________in _______________________________________. British captured ___________________________________,Fort___________________________, and Fort_______________________.

The British Win the war: __________________________fell after a long siege. Treaty of

_____________________(1763) ended the war. War strained relationship between _________________________and __________________________. British said_______________________________________________________________________________ Colonists said_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Treaty of Paris: Treaty of ______________________1763 ends the ____________________. France gives all

territory in ____________________________________________to _________________________ __________________________. Spain gives ________________________to Britain in exchange for all territory ______________________of the__________________ River. Proclamation of _________________prevents colonists from expanding ________________________of the

_______________________________ _________________________. Pontiac's Rebellion: British raised____________

Of their goods and refused to pay Native Americans for using their ___________________________. Pontiac, chief of the ____________________________, put together an alliance and ________________________________the fort in Detroit. Took other ___________________________posts in the ____________________ _____________________region. Also attacked settlers in Pennsylvania and Virginia. Known as Pontiac's war it ended in 1765 when_____________ Defeated Pontiac's allies. Pontiac signed _______________________treaty. King ______________________III created the ______________________of 1763 to avoid further _____________________________ ____________________________________. Revolutionary stage: How did the French and Indian war set the stage for the Revolutionary War? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Hero Story of the French and Indian War

Fort Duquesne and the Battle of Quebec Two major military campaigns took place during the French and Indian War. The first was the unsuccessful English attack on French forces at Fort Duquesne in the Ohio Valley. The English defeat at Fort Duquesne was typical of how badly things went for the English during the early years of the war. The second campaign ended with the Battle of Quebec in which English troops won a great victory in the deciding battle of the war. Information about the attack on Fort Duquesne and the Battle of Quebec is given below. Use the information to help you write a story about the French and Indian War. Pretend that you were an American soldier who was on the losing English side at Fort Duquesne, and later on the victorious English side at Quebec. Write your story in such a way that it shows you to be a war hero. Mention at least two brave or heroic things that you did during the defeat at Fort Duquesne and during the victory at Quebec. Although you are making up a hero's story, be sure that you include the facts given in the notes below. But do not copy the notes word for word. Use the facts, but present them in your own way. A few "heroes" will have a chance to read their stories to the class. The Unsuccessful English Attack on Fort Duquesne

Fort Duquesne, located in western Pennsylvania, was one of many French forts in the Ohio Valley Battle took place July 9, 1755 English army was led by General Edward Braddock English army included 1,750 British regulars and 450 colonial militia General Braddock marched his army through the wilderness toward Fort Duquesne; red British

uniforms were easy to see in the forest; some soldiers carried flags, while others played music as the army marched along French army commanded by Captain Beaujeau French army, which included Indians, numbered less than 1.000 men General Braddock and English army believed the correct way to fight a battle was to position themselves in an open area French and Indians hid behind trees French made a surprise attack on English ten miles from Fort Duquesne Most of British regulars were wiped out; Braddock had four horses shot fro under him before he was killed More English bullets hit trees than hit French and Indians 23-year-old George Washington led the colonial militia on a retreat to safety; Washington was not wounded, but had two horses shot from under him; four bullets went through his coat.

The English Victory at the Battle of Quebec

After the fighting at Fort Duquesne, William Pitt became the leader of the English government; because of this determination to win the war, more troops and younger and better commanders were sent into battle; more money was spent on guns and ammunition

English won many battles leading up to their attack on Quebec, a French city along the St. Lawrence River

English army, commanded by General James Wolfe, approached Quebec which was defended by French army under General Louis Montcalm

English surrounded Quebec, but could not directly attack city, which was located on a high cliff Finally, on the night of September 12-13, 1759, the English found a path leading to the cliffs; English

army secretly climbed to the top during night French awoke to find enemy positioned on the Plains of Abraham outside the city The English then defeated the French in the Battle of Quebec; both General Wolfe and General

Montcalm were killed; in the battle, the French fired too quickly at the English, who held their fire until drawing closer to the French; the English then fired, reloaded, fired again, and then charged with bayonet and sword; after 15 minutes of fighting, the French retreated in a hasty, disorganized manner; the French surrendered the city of Quebec five days later. Write your hero story on this page:

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