Mohammed and the Rise of Islam - Muhammadanism

MOHAMMED

AND

THE RISE OF ISLAM

BY

D. S. MARGOLIOUTH

THIRD EDITION

G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS NEW YORK AND LONDON

The Knickerbocker Press

m uham m adanism .org Septem ber 6, 2003

Heroes of the Nations

A Series of Biographical Studies presenting the lives and work of certain representative historical characters, about whom have gathered the traditions of the nations to which they belong, and who have, in the majority of instances, been accepted as types of the several national ideals.

FOR FULL LIST SEE END OF THIS VOLUME

Heroes of the Nations

EDITED BY

H. W. Carless Davis

FELLOW OF ALL SOULS COLLEGE, OXFORD

FACTA DUCI S VI VENT, OPEROSAQUE GLORI A RERUM. -- OVI D I N LI VI AM 265.

THE HERO'S DEEDS AND HARD- WON FAME SHALL LI VE.

MOHAMMED

THE ASCENSION OF MOHAMMED From D'Ohsson's Tableau General de l' Empire

Othoman.

COPYRIGHT, 1905 BY

G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS

The Knickerbocher Press, New York

PREFACE

THE biographers of the Prophet Mohammed 1 form a long series which it is impossible to end, but in which it would be honourable to find a place. The most famous of them is probably Sir Walter Raleigh, 2 while the palm for eloquence and historical insight may well be awarded to Gibbon. 3

During the time when Gibbon wrote, and for long after, historians mainly relied for their knowledge of the life of Mohammed on the Biography of Abu'l-Fida, who died in the year 722 A.H., 1322 A.D., of whose work Gagnier produced an indifferent edition.4 The scholars of the nineteenth century were naturally not satisfied with so late an authority; and they succeeded in bringing to light all the earliest documents preserved by the Mohammedans. The merit

1 Of the sources of the biography of the Prophet a valuable account is given by E. Sachau, Ibn Sa'd III., i., Preface.

2 The Life and Death of Mahomet, London, 1637. 3 Among eloquent accounts of Mohammed, that in Mr. Reade's Martyrdom of Man, 14th ed., 260 foll., deserves mention. That by Wellhausen in the introduction to Das Arabische Reich und sein Sturz is masterly in the extreme. 4 Oxford, 1723. Abu'l-Fida is referred to as the chief authority perhaps for the last time by T. Wright, Christianity in Arabia.

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