Life Span Human Development 7th Edition Sigelman Test Bank

Life Span Human Development 7th Edition Sigelman Test Bank Full Download:

CHAPTER 1 UNDERSTANDING LIFESPAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. John Tatum a. generated the first comprehensive theory of lifespan development. b. was the first African-American psychologist. c. won three gold medals at the 2009 National Senior Games. d. was the first black soldier to serve in an all-white unit in World War II.

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate REF: 1

OBJ: 1.1

2. Development is best defined as a. individual differences in human behavior. b. systematic changes and continuities from conception to death. c. the way people change in positive ways across time. d. the systematic unfolding of genetic potential.

ANS: B

DIF: Easy

REF: 2

OBJ: 1.1

3. The fact that development often involves continuities speaks to the fact that over time humans

tend to

a. remain the same.

c. become less active.

b. become more intelligent.

d. undergo orderly patterns of change.

ANS: A

DIF: Moderate REF: 3

OBJ: 1.1

4. The three broad domains explored by developmental psychologists are

a. motor, interpersonal, cognitive.

c. personality, motor, learning.

b. physical, cognitive, psychosocial.

d. interpersonal, maturational, learning.

ANS: B

DIF: Easy

REF: 2-3

OBJ: 1.1

5. Albert, a developmental psychologist, conducts research on children's emotional reactions to

studying math in school. Albert is concerned with children's _____ development.

a. cognitive

c. physical

b. maturational

d. psychosocial

ANS: D

DIF: Moderate REF: 3

OBJ: 1.1

6. Which is best categorized as being in the cognitive domain of development?

a. Physical maturation of the body

c. Poor interpersonal skills

b. A changing personality

d. Language acquisition

ANS: D

DIF: Moderate REF: 2

OBJ: 1.1

7. Which does NOT belong on a list of key aspects of physical development?

a. Change in motor ability

c. Change in short-term memory

b. Change in body organ efficiency

d. Change in skin tone (e.g., wrinkling)

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate REF: 2

OBJ: 1.1

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8. Traditionally, growth has been defined as a. physical changes that occur from conception to maturity. b. the biological unfolding of genetic potential. c. positive changes across the lifespan. d. gains, changes, and losses at each stage of the lifecycle.

ANS: A

DIF: Moderate REF: 3

OBJ: 1.1

9. _____ aging involves the deterioration of an organism that eventually results in

death.

a. Cognitive

c. Behavioral

b. Psychosocial

d. Biological

ANS: D

DIF: Easy

REF: 3

OBJ: 1.1

10. _____ aspects of development follow the "gain-stability-loss" model.

a. All

c. No

b. Some

d. Only physical

ANS: B

DIF: Moderate REF: 3

OBJ: 1.1

11. Aging is most accurately defined as involving _____ in the maturing organism.

a. only negative changes

c. both negative and positive changes

b. only positive changes

d. neither positive nor negative changes

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate REF: 3

OBJ: 1.1

12. The term age grade refers to a. a group of individuals who are all the same mental age. b. a socially defined age group, with culture-specific assigned roles, privileges, and responsibilities. c. a universally defined age group, with universal roles, privileges, and responsibilities. d. a group of children assigned at a specific age to a specific grade in school.

ANS: B

DIF: Moderate REF: 4

OBJ: 1.1

13. "Senior" discounts on meals available only to individuals over age 55 provide an excellent

example of a(n)

a. age norm.

c. age grade.

b. social clock.

d. social convoy.

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate REF: 4

OBJ: 1.1

14. The category of "teenager" best exemplifies an age

a. effect.

c. analysis.

b. coefficient.

d. grade.

ANS: D

DIF: Difficult REF: 4

OBJ: 1.1

290

15. Male social age grades for the Arusha people of East Africa include

a. only boy or man.

c. helpful and helpless.

b. junior warriors and retired elders.

d. boyish and girlish.

ANS: B

DIF: Difficult REF: 4

OBJ: 1.1

16. A rite of passage marks a transition from one _____ to another.

a. culture

c. sex

b. gender

d. status

ANS: D

DIF: Easy

REF: 4

OBJ: 1.1

17. A quincea?eara a. impacts only males. b. is a Jewish rite of passage.

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate

c. occurs at age 15. d. defines parenthood.

REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

18. A company requires employees to retire at the age of 65. This policy is an example of

a. age norms.

c. the young-old principle.

b. age stratification.

d. growth norms.

ANS: A

DIF: Difficult REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

19. When 60-year-old Madonna wore a miniskirt to a wedding, one of her friends commented, "I

sure wish Madonna would act her age." This comment best illustrates the concept of

a. age norms.

c. cohort effects.

b. age grade.

d. maturation.

ANS: A KEY: WWW

DIF: Difficult REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

20. The term _____ concerns an individual's sense of the age at which he or she should

experience certain events.

a. age norms

c. social clock

b. age stratification

d. age grade

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

21. Manuel hoped to graduate from college by age 22 but finds himself enrolling for the first time

at age 52. The anxiety Manuel feels because of this situation may be best explained by the

concept of

a. biological maturation.

c. plasticity.

b. a social clock.

d. historical change.

ANS: B

DIF: Difficult REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

22. Diversity can be based on a. race or ethnicity, but not socioeconomic status. b. race or socioeconomic status, but not ethnicity. c. ethnicity or socioeconomic status, but not race. d. race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status.

ANS: D

DIF: Moderate REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

291

23. When compared to those from middle- or upper-income families, individuals from lowerincome families tend to a. reach milestones of adulthood earlier. b. reach milestones of adulthood later. c. never reach milestones of adulthood. d. reach milestones of adulthood at the same time.

ANS: A

DIF: Moderate REF: 5

OBJ: 1.1

24. Which statement concerning the pre-seventeenth century conception of childhood is most accurate? a. Pre-seventeenth century adults believed that children were simply miniature adults. b. Pre-seventeenth century adults did not discipline their children because infants were thought to be morally pure. c. Pre-seventeenth century adults forced children to grow up at a very slow pace. d. Pre-seventeenth century adults held views toward childhood that are different from most modern parents.

ANS: D

DIF: Moderate REF: 5-6

OBJ: 1.2

25. Which distinct period of development was the first to be recognized?

a. Childhood

c. Middle age

b. Adolescence

d. Old age

ANS: A

DIF: Moderate REF: 5-6

OBJ: 1.2

26. The term emerging adulthood refers to individuals from about age

a. 11 to 17.

c. 29 to 37.

b. 18 to 29.

d. 38 to 46.

ANS: B

DIF: Moderate REF: 6

OBJ: 1.2

27. Hermes is currently in the "emerging adulthood" stage of development. As such, he would

most likely

a. be leading a very stable life.

c. be focused on others versus himself.

b. feel adultlike in all ways.

d. believe in a life of limitless

possibilities.

ANS: D

DIF: Difficult REF: 6

OBJ: 1.2

28. Which statement best characterizes individuals in the "emerging adulthood" period of development? a. Young people who are adolescents but not adults. b. Young people who are neither adolescents nor adults. c. Old people who are adults but not elderly. d. Old people who are neither adults nor elderly.

ANS: B KEY: WWW

DIF: Difficult REF: 6

OBJ: 1.2

292

29. Which of the following has had the most significant impact on lengthening the average lifespan in the United States? a. Improved health care for the elderly b. Improved nutritional habits c. Major decreases in infant mortality d. Disease prevention among school-age children

ANS: C

DIF: Difficult REF: 7

OBJ: 1.2

30. The average life expectancy for a newborn in the United States is _____ years.

a. 73

c. 83

b. 78

d. 88

ANS: B

DIF: Moderate REF: 7

OBJ: 1.2

31. Which United States-born newborn would currently have the longest life expectancy? a. Donny, who is a white male b. Marie, who is a white female c. Michael, who is an African-American male d. Janet, who is an African-American female

ANS: B

DIF: Moderate REF: 7

OBJ: 1.2

32. The gap between the average life expectancies for _____ have widened in the past decades.

a. women versus men

c. newborn females and newborn males

b. Caucasians versus African-Americans d. high and low socioeconomic groups

ANS: D

DIF: Moderate REF: 7

OBJ: 1.2

33. The question of how biological and environmental forces impact development is referred to as

the _____ issue.

a. continuity-discontinuity

c. nature-nurture

b. passive-active

d. proximal-distal

ANS: C

DIF: Moderate REF: 7

OBJ: 1.3

34. Maturation is best defined as a. any physical changes that occur from conception to maturity. b. the biological unfolding of genetic potential. c. physical gains, changes, and losses across the lifespan. d. the effects of experience on thoughts, feelings, and behavior.

ANS: B

DIF: Moderate REF: 7

OBJ: 1.3

35. Which best describes the relationship between maturation and genes? a. Maturation is driven by a plan contained in the genes. b. Maturation is the nature side of development, and genes are the nurture side of development. c. Maturation is the process by which genes learn. d. Genes and maturation are unrelated concepts.

ANS: A

DIF: Moderate REF: 7

OBJ: 1.3

293

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