Lifespan Development

Content Attribution

Except where expressly noted otherwise, the contents of this course are based on materials published in the Open Course Library by Laura Overstreet. These materials were originally published freely under a Creative Commons Attribution License (you can review the license at ). The original version of the materials as published as Psyc 200 Lifespan Development may be accessed for free at .

Lifespan Development

Lifespan Development

Lumen Learning

Lifespan Development Copyright ? 2017 by Lumen Learning.

CONTENTS

Module 1: Lifespan Psychology................................................................................................... 5

? Introduction to Life Span, Growth and Development ......................................................................................... 5 ? The Cohort Effect............................................................................................................................................... 8 ? Culture ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 ? Periods of Development .................................................................................................................................. 13 ? Research Methods........................................................................................................................................... 19 ? Video: 49 Up .................................................................................................................................................... 21 ? Video: Meet Neil .............................................................................................................................................. 21 ? Lecture: Introduction to Life Span, Growth and Development ......................................................................... 21 ? PowerPoint: Introduction to Life Span Development ....................................................................................... 25 ? Discussion: Life Stages ................................................................................................................................... 26

Module 2: Developmental Theories........................................................................................... 27

? Introduction to Developmental Theories .......................................................................................................... 27 ? Psychodynamic Theory ................................................................................................................................... 29 ? Psychosocial Theory........................................................................................................................................ 32 ? Exploring Behavior........................................................................................................................................... 33 ? Exploring Cognition.......................................................................................................................................... 37 ? Research Designs ........................................................................................................................................... 39 ? Lecture Transcript: Developmental Theories................................................................................................... 41 ? Slideshow: Developmental Theories ............................................................................................................... 46 ? Essay: Lifespan Psychology ............................................................................................................................ 47

Module 3: Prenatal Development .............................................................................................. 48

? Introduction to Heredity, Prenatal Development, and Birth.............................................................................. 48 ? Prenatal Development ..................................................................................................................................... 54 ? Environmental Risks ........................................................................................................................................ 56 ? Pregnancy........................................................................................................................................................ 59 ? Childbirth.......................................................................................................................................................... 60 ? Maternal Mortality ............................................................................................................................................ 63 ? Video: "Life's Greatest Miracle" ....................................................................................................................... 64 ? Lecture: Prenatal Development ....................................................................................................................... 64 ? Slideshow: Prenatal Development................................................................................................................... 68 ? Study Guide: Introduction and Prenatal Development..................................................................................... 68

Module 4: Infancy ...................................................................................................................... 70

? Introduction to Infancy ..................................................................................................................................... 70 ? Physical Development ..................................................................................................................................... 71 ? Nutrition ........................................................................................................................................................... 73 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................... 75 ? Language Development................................................................................................................................... 77 ? Psychosocial Development and Attachment ................................................................................................... 79 ? Temperament .................................................................................................................................................. 81 ? Psychosocial Development.............................................................................................................................. 81 ? Lecture: Infancy ............................................................................................................................................... 82 ? Slideshow: Infancy........................................................................................................................................... 86

Module 5: Early Childhood ........................................................................................................ 88

? Introduction to Early Childhood........................................................................................................................ 88 ? Physical Development ..................................................................................................................................... 90 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................... 93 ? Psychosocial Development.............................................................................................................................. 96 ? Family Life ....................................................................................................................................................... 98

? Childhood Stress and Development .............................................................................................................. 101 ? Lecture: Early Childhood ............................................................................................................................... 102 ? Slideshow: Early Childhood ........................................................................................................................... 106 ? Discussion: Labeling and Children ................................................................................................................ 106 ? Essay: Childhood........................................................................................................................................... 107

Module 6: Middle Childhood .................................................................................................... 108

? Introduction to Middle Childhood ................................................................................................................... 108 ? Physical Development ................................................................................................................................... 111 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................. 112 ? Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development ..................................................................................................... 115 ? Developmental Problems............................................................................................................................... 116 ? Learning and Intelligence............................................................................................................................... 119 ? Psychosocial Development............................................................................................................................ 124 ? Lecture: Middle Childhood ............................................................................................................................. 130 ? Slideshow: Middle Childhood......................................................................................................................... 135 ? Study Guide: Childhood................................................................................................................................. 135 ? Practice Test: Childhood................................................................................................................................ 136

Module 7: Adolescence ........................................................................................................... 139

? Introduction to Adolescense .......................................................................................................................... 139 ? Physical Development ................................................................................................................................... 140 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................. 141 ? Social Development....................................................................................................................................... 142 ? Lecture: Adolescence .................................................................................................................................... 148 ? Slideshow: Adolescence................................................................................................................................ 151

Module 8: Early Adulthood ...................................................................................................... 152

? Introduction to Early Adulthood...................................................................................................................... 152 ? Physical Development ................................................................................................................................... 155 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................. 157 ? Psychosocial Development............................................................................................................................ 159 ? Types of Love ................................................................................................................................................ 165 ? Activity: Love Attitude Scale .......................................................................................................................... 168 ? Assignment: Love Styles ............................................................................................................................... 170 ? Lecture: Early Adulthood ............................................................................................................................... 170 ? Slideshow: Early Adulthood ........................................................................................................................... 173 ? Essay Assignment: Adolescence and Early Adulthood ................................................................................. 174 ? Study Guide: Adolescence and Early Adulthood ........................................................................................... 174 ? Practice Test: Adolescence and Early Adulthood.......................................................................................... 175

Module 9: Middle Adulthood .................................................................................................... 178

? Introduction to Middle Adulthood ................................................................................................................... 178 ? Physical Development ................................................................................................................................... 181 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................. 184 ? Psychosocial Development............................................................................................................................ 186 ? Relationships ................................................................................................................................................. 189 ? Work and Personality..................................................................................................................................... 193 ? Lecture: Middle Adulthood ............................................................................................................................. 194 ? Slideshow: Middle Adulthood......................................................................................................................... 198

Module 10: Late Adulthood ..................................................................................................... 199

? Introduction to Late Adulthood....................................................................................................................... 199 ? Physical Development ................................................................................................................................... 203 ? Cognitive Development.................................................................................................................................. 210 ? Psychosocial Development............................................................................................................................ 211

? Relationships ................................................................................................................................................. 214 ? Listen: Treating Delirium................................................................................................................................ 217 ? Lecture: Late Adulthood................................................................................................................................. 217 ? Slideshare: Late Adulthood............................................................................................................................ 220 ? Additional Links.............................................................................................................................................. 221

Module 11: Death and Dying ................................................................................................... 222

? Introduction to Death and Dying .................................................................................................................... 222 ? Most Common Causes of Death.................................................................................................................... 224 ? The Process of Dying .................................................................................................................................... 226 ? Five Stages of Loss ....................................................................................................................................... 228 ? Palliative Care and Hospice........................................................................................................................... 228 ? Euthanasia..................................................................................................................................................... 231 ? Bereavement and Grief.................................................................................................................................. 231 ? Lecture: Death and Dying .............................................................................................................................. 233 ? Slideshow: Death and Dying.......................................................................................................................... 235 ? Additional Links.............................................................................................................................................. 235 ? Essay: Middle and Late Adulthood ................................................................................................................ 235 ? Study Guide: Middle and Late Adulthood ...................................................................................................... 236 ? Practice Test: Middle and Late Adulthood ..................................................................................................... 237

MODULE 1: LIFESPAN PSYCHOLOGY

INTRODUCTION TO LIFE SPAN, GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Learning Objectives

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. Explain the study of human development. 2. Define physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development. 3. Differentiate periods of human development. 4. Analyze your own location in the life span. 5. Judge the most and least preferable age groups with which to work. 6. Contrast social classes with respect to life chances. 7. Explain the meaning of social cohort. 8. Critique stage theory models of human development. 9. Define culture and ethnocentrism and describe ways that culture impacts development. 10. Explain the reasons scientific methods are more objective than personal knowledge. 11. Contrast qualitative and quantitative approaches to research. 12. Compare research methods noting the advantages and disadvantages of each. 13. Differentiate between independent and dependent variables.

Welcome to life span, growth and development. This is the study of how and why people change or remain the same over time.

This course is commonly referred to as the "womb to tomb" course because it is the story of our journeys from conception to death. Human development is the study of how we change over time. Although this course is often offered in psychology, this is a very interdisciplinary course. Psychologists, nutritionists, sociologists, anthropologists, educators, and health care professionals all contribute to our knowledge of the life span.

We will look at how we change physically over time from early development through aging and death. We examine cognitive change, or how our ability to think and remember changes over time. We look at how our concerns and psychological state is influenced by age and finally, how our social relationships change throughout life. There are several goals of those involved in this discipline:

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