Physical Memory Management in Linux - GitHub Pages
Physical Memory Management in Linux
Hao-Ran Liu
Table of Contents
Virtual Address Space and Memory Allocators in Linux
Describing Physical Memory Boot Memory Allocator Physical Page Allocator Reference
Virtual Address Space and Memory Allocators in Linux
Linux Virtual Address Layout
3 GB user
1 GB kernel
scope of a process' page table
3G/1G partition
The way Linux partition a 32-bit address space Cover user and kernel address space at the same time Advantage
Incurs no extra overhead (no TLB flushing) for system calls
Disadvantage
With 64 GB RAM, mem_map alone takes up 512 MB memory from lowmem (ZONE_NORMAL).
Linux Virtual Address Layout
~4 GB
16 MB
user
shared
area
scope of a process' page table
~4 GB
16 MB
kernel
shared
area
scope of kernel's
page table
switch the page table before system calls
4G/4G partition
Proposed by Red Hat to solve mem_map problem
Disadvantage (Performance drop!)
Switch page table and flush TLB for every system call! Data is copied "indirectly" (with the help of kmap) between user and
kernel space
Advantage
Only on machine with large RAM
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