List of Chronic diseases - DPS GUWAHATI



Class IXName of Chapter: Chapter 13-Why Do We Fall Ill?(35 mins per day)Week: 17th November to 21st November 2020Step – IStudy the following topic from textbook:13.2.3: Chronic Diseases and poor Health13.2.4: Causes of Diseases.Step – IIIf you have any doubts clear them with your subject teacher (please check name and number of the subject from the school website)Step – IIIList of Chronic diseasesThe most common chronic diseases are described below:Arthritis: The wear and tear of joints such as knees, hips, and wrist.Cancer: It is the uncontrolled growth of cells in the body.Stroke: It is the blockage of blood flow to the brain.Heart Attack: It is the blockage of blood flow to the heart.Obesity: Increase in body weight above the normal weight is obesity.Living with Chronic IllnessA raised blood pressure, increased glucose levels, overweight, abnormal blood lipids are the main signs and symptoms of a chronic disorder. With the increasing age, these?diseases?become more common. And in most cases, these usually turn fatal.The chronic illness and its treatment severely affect the body. Therefore, one must know how to:Live with the physical effects of the illness.Deal with municate clearly with the doctors.Maintain confidence to fight with the disease.Cope with negative feelingSymptoms of Chronic DiseasesChronic disease has a severe effect on the body of the patient.FatigueDepression, anxiety, hopelessnessFrequent urinationLoss of appetiteWounds over the bodyUnbearable painCauses of Chronic DiseasesThe main causes of chronic disease are:Unhealthy dietExcessive energy intakeNo physical activityUse of tobaccoExcessive smoking and intake of alcoholHeredityIncreased glucose levels and blood pressurePrevention of Chronic DiseaseCertain changes in the diet and lifestyle can help to prevent chronic diseases:Avoid smoking, alcohol and tobacco. This will help to prevent cancer.Obesity is the major cause of many diseases. Controlling body weight will prevent several chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cancers of kidney, breast, colon, endometrium, etc.Daily physical activity helps in reducing body weight and prevents a number of diseases.A healthy diet is key to a healthy body.Causes of Diseases:?Causes of diseases are explained below:Immediate and Contributory CauseImmediate cause:?The organisms that enter our body and cause the disease are termed as an immediate cause. For example, virus, bacteria, protozoa etc.Contributory cause:?The secondary factors which led these organisms enter our body are termed as a contributory cause. For example, dirty water, contaminated food, improper nourishment, poor standard of living, etc.Step – IVSolve the questions in the bio copy:How does public cleanliness affect our health?What do you understand by symptoms?What is an acute disease?Which type of diseases affect the body suddenly but, last for a short time?(a) Acute disease(b) Chronic disease(c) Congenital disease(d) Genetic disorderHealth can be defined as a state ofbeing physically healthynot being diseasedbeing physically healthy and disease-freebeing well enough to function well physically, mentally and socially.End of Day – 1Period 2: Pg: 179 – 182Step – I13.2.5 Infectious and Non-Infectious Causes13.3 Infectious Diseases13.3.1 Infectious AgentsStep – IIIf you have any doubts clear them with your subject teacher (please check name and number of the subject from the school website)Step – IIIInfectious and Non-infectious CauseInfectious causes:?They include the agents like microbes or micro-organisms as the immediate causes which spread the disease from an infected person to a healthy person.Non-infectious causes:?The disease which does not spread by contact between infected and healthy person through air and water, is called non-infectious disease.Infectious and Non-infectious DiseasesInfectious Diseases:?The diseases which spread due to infection by micro-organisms are called infectious diseases.When a disease causing organism enters our body it causes infection, it multiplies and grows in the body called host and micro-organisms multiplies in the host body.For example: Tuberculosis, tetanus, Common cold, AIDS, etc.Non-infectious Diseases:?The disease which does not spread by contact between infected and healthy person through air and water, is called non-infectious disease.For example:?Cancer, genetic abnormalities, high blood pressure, etc.Peptic Ulcers and the Nobel PrizeBacteria that causes peptic Ulcers – Helicobacter pylori, discovered by Robin Warren and Barry Marshall.Received Nobel Prize for Physiology and medicine in the year 2005.Infectious CausesNon-infectious CausesThese are the extrinsic or external disease causing factors.?These are the intrinsic or internal disease causing factors.?They lead to infectious disease and can affect the whole community as they are transferable from one person to another.They lead to non-infectious diseases and do not affect the whole community as they are non-transferable from one person to another.?Difference between Infectious and Non-infectious causes of Disease.?Infectious AgentsThe pathogens or microbes that causes infectious diseases are also called as?Infectious Agents.Step – IVAnswer the Following Questions in CW copy:1.Name the pathogens which can cause acne and sleeping sickness.2. Which bacterium is responsible for causing peptic ulcers?3. Name any four diseases caused by viruses.4. Name the microbe that causes Malaria.5. Give two example each of Infectious and Non-infectious Diseases.6. Kala-azar is caused by…………………….7. Name any two diseases caused by bacteria.End of Day – 2 ................
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