Introductory Medical Terminology Diseases – Combined List

Introductory Medical Terminology Diseases ? Combined List (

Achalasia

Adenoiditis Aerophagia Alactasia Allergic rhinitis Anaemia Aneurysm Angina Angina pectoris Ankyloglossia Ankylosis

(a = without, chalas = relaxation, loosening; ia = state or condition) Occurs when muscular activity in the oesophagus is disturbed and the passage of swallowed food is delayed.

(adenoid = adenoids, itis = inflammation of) Inflammation of the adenoids.

(aero = air, phagia = swallowing) Spasmodic swallowing of air followed by eructation.

(a = without, lact = milk, ase = enzyme) Absence of deficiency of the enzyme lactase which is essential for the digestion of milk sugars (lactose).

(rhin = nose, itis = inflammation of) An allergic reaction to an airborne allergen.

(an = without, aemia = blood) Lower than normal levels of red blood cells in blood.

(aneurysm = widening) A localised balloon-like enlargement of an artery.

(angin/o = choking, strangling) A spasmodic choking or suffocating pain. It is usually due to interference with the supply of oxygen to the heart muscle.

(angina = vessel, pectoris = pertaining to the thorax or chest) Pressure like squeezing pain or tight pressure in the chest usually centrally located.

(ankyl/o = bent, stiff; gloss = tongue, ia = pertaining to) Abnormal shortness of lingual frenulum (tongue tied).

(ankyl = stiff, osis = disease, abnormal condition) Loss or absence of mobility in a joint.

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Introductory Medical Terminology Diseases ? Combined List

Aphthous stomatitis Apnoea Arrhythmia Arthrosynovitis Asbestosis Asphyxiation Asthma Atelectasis Atherosclerosis Bronchiectesis

Cardiac arrhythmia

(aphth = small ulcer or eruption, ous = pertaining to, stomat = mouth, itis = inflammation of) Inflammation of mouth associated with small ulcer.

(a = without, pnoea = breathing) Absence of respiration.

(a = without, rhythmia = rhythm, ia = state or condition) Irregular heart beats.

(arthr/o = joint, synov = synovial, itis = inflammation) Inflammation of the synovial membrane of a joint.

(asbest = asbestos, osis = abnormal condition, disease of) Disease caused by asbestos in the lungs.

(asphyx = absence of pulse, ia = state or condition of) Suffocation; any interruption of breathing that may result in the loss of consciousness or death.

Difficulty in breathing due to allergens, exertion, emotion and infections.

(atel = incomplete, ectasis = stretching) Incomplete expansion of the lung.

(ather/o = plaque, fatty substance; sclerosis = abnormal dryness, hardness, hardening) Degeneration of the arteries making them hard and inelastic.

(bronchi = bronchii, ectesis = stretching out) Widening of the bronchii or their branches. May be congenital or through infection, from obstruction or either by an inhaled foreign body or by a growth.

(cardi/o = heart, ac = pertaining to, a = without, rhythmia = rhythm, ia = state or condition) Any abnormal heart rhythm.

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Introductory Medical Terminology Diseases ? Combined List (

Cardiomyopathy Chronic bronchitis

Cirrhosis

Claudication Congestive heart failure (CHF) Cyanosis Diphtheria

Diverticulitis

Dysphonia Embolism

Emphysema

(cardi/o = pertaining to the heart, my/o = muscle, pathy = disease) Progressive heart muscle disease.

(bronch = bronchii, itis = inflammation of) Repeated attacks of bronchitis due to allergies, smoking and noxious gases. Thickened scarred bronchii lead to emphysema.

(cirrh = liver, osis = abnormal increase, morbid disease of) Damage to the liver which becomes hard and enlarged and liver tissue is replaced by fibrous scar tissue.

Limping.

Abnormal fluid retention so the heart is unable to adequately maintain circulation.

(cyan = blue, osis = abnormal condition) Bluish discoloration.

(diphther = membrane, ia = state or condition of) Acute infectious disease of throat and upper respiratory tract caused by diphtheria bacteria.

(diverticul = diverticulum, itis = inflammation of) The inflammation of the diverticulum most commonly of one or more colon diverticula. Normally due to a low fibre diet. This can lead to bowel cancer.

(dys = painful, phonia = sound, voice) A voice impairment.

(embol = something inserted or thrown in; ism = state of, condition) Abnormal circulatory condition in which an embolus (blood clot or particle of matter) travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel.

(emphysema = Greek for `an inflation') Degeneration of the lungs because of lack of oxygen. Breathlessness, constant cough, excessive sputum.

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Introductory Medical Terminology Diseases ? Combined List

Empyema Endocarditis Epistaxis Eructation Fibrillation Fibroma Fibromyalgia

Gastritis Gouty arthritis Haematemesis Haemophilia

(em = in, py = pus) Accumulation of pus in pleural cavity.

(endo = within, in, inside; card = pertaining to the heart, itis = inflammation) An infection inside the heart caused by bacteria.

(epi = above, upon, staxis (stazo) = to fall in drops) Bleeding from the nose.

Act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach.

Rapid, random and ineffective contractions of the heart.

(fibr = fibre, oma = tumour of) Tumour of fibrous tissue.

(fibr/o = fibrous tissue, my = muscle, algia = pertaining to pain) Produces chronic body-wide pain, which migrates and can be felt from head to toe. Other symptoms include persistent fatigue, headaches, cognitive or memory impairment, morning stiffness and non-restorative sleep. The pain can migrate from day to day.

(gastr = stomach, itis = inflammation of) Stomach inflammation which can be caused by stress, infections, drugs, rich diets and allergies.

(arthr = joint, itis = inflammation) Gout is a form of arthritis in which uric acid crystals are deposited in the joints

(haemat = blood, emesis = to vomit) Vomiting blood.

(haem/o = blood, philia = increase in numbers) A group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a lack of one of the factors needed to clot the blood.

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Introductory Medical Terminology Diseases ? Combined List (

Haemorrhoids (piles)

(haem/o = blood, rrh = flow discharge (rrhoea), oids = like resembling)

Varicose veins near the anus.

Hepatitis

(hepat = liver, itis = inflammation)

Inflammation of the liver due to viral infection. Transmitted through food, drink or carrier. Highly infectious.

Hiatal hernia

Protrusion of part of the stomach through the oesophageal opening in the diaphragm.

Hyperpnoea

(hyper = over, excessive, pnoea = breathing)

Abnormal increase in the depth and rate of the respiratory movements.

Influenza (`flu')

Acute, highly contagious respiratory infection that usually occurs during the colder months.

Inguinal hernia

Occurs when a small loop of bowel protrudes through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin.

Ischaemic heart disease

(isch = to hold back, aemic = relating to blood)

A pathological condition of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen reaching the tissue cells.

Jaundice

(icterus)

Yellowish discolouration of the skin and other tissues caused by large amount of bilirubin in blood.

Kyphosis

(kyph = a hump, osis = disease, abnormal condition)

Hunchback; abnormal increase in outward curvature of thoracic spine.

Leukaemia

(leuk = white, aemia = blood)

Malignant disease of blood-forming organs, leading to an abnormal increase in the number of leukocytes.

Lordosis

(lord = bent backward, osis = disease, abnormal condition) Increase in forward curvature of lumbar spine.

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