What is an ADJECTIVE



Grammar

Part 2

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Adjectives and Adverbs

Mrs. Fallon – LA8

What is an ADJECTIVE? [pic]

An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective often precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.  In the following examples, the highlighted words are adjectives:

The car-shaped balloon floated over the treetops.

Mrs. Smith papered her living room walls with hideous wall paper.

The large boat foundered on the wine dark sea.

The coal mines are dark and dank.

Many stores have already begun to play irritating Christmas music.

A battered music box sat on the mahogany sideboard.

The back room was filled with large, green rain boots.

Here is a great list of adjectives that you can refer to when writing to spice up your description:

|Appearance |Appearance |Condition |Condition |Feelings (Bad) |Feelings (Bad) |

|  |Contd. |  |Contd. |  |Contd. |

|  |  |  |  |  | |

|adorable |glamorous |alive |impossible |angry |grumpy |

|adventurous |gleaming |annoying |inexpensive |annoyed |helpless |

|aggressive |gorgeous |bad |innocent |anxious |homeless |

|alert |graceful |better |inquisitive |arrogant |hungry |

|attractive |grotesque |beautiful |modern |ashamed |hurt |

|average |handsome |brainy |mushy |awful |ill |

|beautiful |homely |breakable |odd |bad |itchy |

|blue-eyed  |light |busy |open |bewildered |jealous |

|bloody |long |careful |outstanding |black |jittery |

|blushing |magnificent |cautious |poor |blue |lazy |

|bright |misty |clever |powerful |bored |lonely |

|clean |motionless |clumsy |prickly |clumsy |mysterious |

|clear |muddy |concerned |puzzled |combative |nasty  |

|cloudy |old-fashioned |crazy |real |condemned |naughty |

|colorful |plain |curious |rich |confused |nervous |

|crowded |poised |dead |shy |crazy, flipped-out |nutty |

|cute |precious |different |sleepy |creepy |obnoxious |

|dark |quaint |difficult |stupid |cruel |outrageous |

|drab |shiny |doubtful |super |dangerous |panicky |

|distinct |smoggy |easy |talented |defeated |repulsive |

|dull |sparkling |expensive |tame |defiant |scary |

|elegant |spotless |famous |tender |depressed |selfish |

|excited |stormy |fragile |tough |disgusted |sore |

|fancy |strange |frail |uninterested |disturbed |tense |

|filthy |ugly |gifted |vast |dizzy |terrible |

| |ugliest |helpful |wandering |dull |testy |

| |unsightly |helpless |wild |embarrassed |thoughtless |

| |unusual |horrible |wrong |envious |tired |

| |wide-eyed |important | |evil |troubled |

| | |  | |fierce |upset |

| | | | |foolish |uptight |

| | | | |frantic |weary |

| | | | |frightened |wicked |

| | | | |grieving |worried |

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | |

|Feelings (Good) |Feelings (Good) |Shape |Size  |Sound |Time |

|  |Contd. |  |  |  |  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |

|agreeable |happy |broad |big |cooing |ancient |

|amused |healthy |chubby |colossal |deafening |brief |

|brave |helpful |crooked |fat |faint |Early |

|calm |hilarious |curved |gigantic |harsh |fast |

|charming |jolly |deep |great |high-pitched |late |

|cheerful |joyous |flat |huge |hissing |long |

|comfortable |kind |high |immense |hushed |modern |

|cooperative |lively |hollow |large |husky |old |

|courageous |lovely |low |little |loud |old-fashioned |

|delightful |lucky |narrow |mammoth |melodic |quick |

|determined |nice |round |massive |moaning |rapid |

|eager |obedient |shallow |miniature |mute |short |

|elated |perfect |skinny |petite |noisy |slow |

|enchanting |pleasant |square |puny |purring |swift |

|encouraging |proud |steep |scrawny |quiet |young |

|energetic |relieved |straight |short |raspy | |

|enthusiastic |silly |wide |small |resonant | |

|excited |smiling | |tall |screeching | |

|exuberant |splendid | |teeny |shrill | |

|fair |successful | |teeny-tiny |silent | |

|faithful |thankful | |tiny |soft | |

|fantastic |thoughtful | |  |squealing | |

|fine |victorious | | |thundering | |

|friendly |vivacious | | |voiceless | |

|funny |witty | | |whispering | |

|gentle |wonderful | | | | |

|glorious |zealous | | | | |

|good |zany | | | | |

|Taste/Touch |Taste/Touch |Touch |Quantity |  |  |

|  |Contd. |  |  | | |

|  |  |  |  | | |

|bitter |melted |boiling |abundant | | |

|delicious |nutritious |breezy |empty | | |

|fresh |plastic |broken |few | | |

|juicy |prickly |bumpy |heavy | | |

|ripe |rainy |chilly |light | | |

|rotten |rough |cold |many | | |

|salty |scattered |cool |numerous | | |

|sour |shaggy |creepy |substantial | | |

|spicy |shaky |crooked |  | | |

|stale |sharp |cuddly |  | | |

|sticky |shivering |curly |  | | |

|strong |silky |damaged |  | | |

|sweet |slimy |damp |  | | |

|tart |slippery |dirty |  | | |

|tasteless |smooth |dry |  | | |

|tasty |soft |dusty |  | | |

|thirsty |solid |filthy |  | | |

|fluttering |steady |flaky |  | | |

|fuzzy |sticky |fluffy |  | | |

|greasy |tender |freezing |  | | |

|grubby |tight |hot |  | | |

|hard |uneven |warm |  | | |

|hot |weak |wet  |  | | |

|icy |wet |  |  | | |

|loose |wooden |  |  | | |

|  |yummy |  |  | | |

|  |  |  |  | | |

|  |  | |  | | |

Adjective Practice:

Take a walk by the advertisements in the front of the room. As you look at them, write down the adjective(s) in each of the headlines:

1.___________________________________ 6.__________________________________

2.___________________________________ 7.__________________________________

3.___________________________________ 8.__________________________________

4.___________________________________ 9.__________________________________

5.___________________________________ 10._________________________________

Highlight all the adjectives you find in the reading passage below:

What is an ADVERB?

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• An adverb is a part of speech that describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, clause, or sentence.

• Adverbs answer the questions "How?", "When?", "Where?", "Why?", "In what way?", "How much?", "How often?", "Under what condition", "To what degree?"

• The easiest adverbs to recognize are those that end in -ly. Some adjectives end with -ly also but remember that adjectives can modify only nouns and pronouns. Adverbs modify everything else.

• An adverb can be placed anywhere in a sentence.

The job of an adverb is to modify.

An adverb can modify an adjective : They were really unhappy. ('really' modifies adjective 'unhappy.')

An adverb can modify an adverb : He is almost always hungry. ('almost' modifies adverb 'always')

An adverb can modify a clause: Perhaps you are correct, but not at first glance. ('perhaps' modifies clause 'you are correct')

An adverb modifies a sentence: Suddenly, she went home. ('suddenly' modifies a whole sentence)

Adverbs can be used as amplifiers, down toners, or emphasizers.

Emphasizer: I really likes him.

Amplifier: They completely abandoned the city.

Down toners: Peter almost quit that job.

Adverbs can be classified by their function or job in the sentence:

Adverbs of manner - answer the question HOW?

I watch them closely.

I play well.

I walk carefully.

Adverbs of time - answer the question WHEN?

He has not played chess recently.

I arrive late for most appointments.

Lately, I have had many sleepless nights.

Adverbs of place (location, direction) - answer the question WHERE?

I walked downstairs.

Have you ever gone there?

I will meet you outside.

Adverbs of degree - answer the question HOW MUCH?

He is totally prepared for his birthday.

I am too tired to play tennis tonight.

He is completely tired from the journey.

Adverbs of frequency - answer the question HOW OFTEN?

He rarely goes by himself.

She constantly finishes her job first.

Conjunctive (connecting) adverbs - connect the ideas expressed in different clauses or sentences. Use of conjunctive adverb between two independent clauses requires a semicolon before the adverb and comma after it.

Example: I want to sleep; however, I need to study.

If a conjunctive adverb is used at the beginning of a sentence, a comma is used to set it off. Note that the period takes the place of a semicolon. Example: The day was over. Therefore, I went to sleep.

If conjunctive adverb is placed within a clause, commas are used to set it off. Example: The day is over. I will, therefore, go to sleep.

Some of the most common conjunctive adverbs: accordingly, also, anyhow, furthermore, however, moreover, otherwise, still, therefore.

Interrogative adverbs - used at the beginning of questions. Why are you so angry?

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