List #1: protagonist, antagonist, conflict, rising action ...
English 9 ~ EOC Vocabulary Terms ~ Jacklin
List #1: protagonist, antagonist, conflict, rising action, climax, narrator, mood, tone, irony, archetype
Antagonist the person or force working against the main character
Archetype very old patterns or images that recur over and over again in literature; they can be
characters, plots, animals, or settings.
Climax the high point of interest or suspense in a story
Conflict struggle between opposing forces
Irony the differences between appearance and reality, expectation and result, or meaning and intention
Mood the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage
Narrator the person telling the story
Protagonist the main character in a literary work
Rising Action the events leading up to the story’s climax
Tone the writer’s attitude toward his/her audience or subject
List #2: character, characterization, exposition, falling action, narrative hook, plot, point-of-view, setting, symbol, theme
Character the person or animal who takes part in the action of a literary work
Characterization the act of creating or developing a character
Exposition introduction to a story that includes setting, characters, conflict and provides important background information
Falling Action follows the high point/turning point of the story; happens as a result of the climax
Narrative Hook the part of the story that catches the reader’s interest & makes them want to go on
Plot the sequence of events in a literary work
Point of View the perspective from which the story is being told
Setting the location and time-period in which a story takes place
Symbol anything that stands for or represents something else
Theme a central message or insight into life revealed through the literary work
List 3: denouement, dialect, dialogue, figurative language, flashback, foreshadowing, imagery, suspense, resolution, villain
Dialect the form of a language spoken by people in a particular region or group
Dialogue a conversation between characters
Denouement the final resolution of the intricacies of a plot, as of a drama or novel
Figurative Language writing or speech not meant to be interpreted literally
Flashback when the action in a work stops and the reader is returned to some previous time period or event
Foreshadowing the use of clues that suggest events that have yet to occur
Imagery the descriptive or figurative language used in literature to create word pictures
Resolution the settling of the main/primary conflict in a piece of literature
Suspense the feeling of curiosity or uncertainty about the outcome of events
Villain the evil person in a piece of literature that seeks to bring about destruction/despair
List 4: acronym, alliteration, autobiography, biography, diction, essay, fantasy, hero/heroine, hyperbole, narrative
Acronym an abbreviation that makes a word; a word made of the initial letters of words in a phrase
Alliteration the repetition of initial consonant sounds
Autobiography a form of nonfiction in which a person tells his or her own life story
Biography a form of nonfiction in which the writer tells the life story of another person
Diction word choice; a writer’s word choice
Essay a short nonfiction work about a particular subject
Fantasy a highly imaginative writing that contains elements not found in real life
Hero / heroine a character who exhibits extraordinary powers such as strength, courage, or intelligence
Hyperbole a figure of speech in which an exaggeration is made for emphasis or humorous effect
Narrative a story told in fiction, nonfiction, poetry, or drama
List #5: audience, elaboration, etymology, fiction, genre, nonfiction, sarcasm, (short story), title, (verbal irony)
Audience those reached by books, magazines, newspapers, etc.
Elaboration expanding something in detail; discussing something at length
Etymology the history of a linguistic form (i.e.: words)
Genre a category or type of literature
Fiction prose writing that tells about imaginary characters and events
Nonfiction prose writing that presents and explains ideas or that tells about real people, places, objects or events
Sarcasm criticism that appears to be praise
Short Story a brief work of fiction
Title the distinguishing name of a written, printed, spoken or filmed production
Verbal Irony when something is said and something opposite or nearly opposite is meant
List #6: bibliography, complication, humor, ironic, (local color), novel, parable, prose, (situational irony), verisimilitude
Bibliography a list of source material used in the preparation of a work or referred to in the text
Complication a situation or detail that complicates the main thread of the plot
Humor amusing descriptions, exaggerations or sarcastic remarks used to make readers laugh
Ironic expressing, containing or constituting irony
Local Color specific details that are unique characteristics of a certain area or location
Novel a long work of fiction that explores characters in conflict
Parable a short fictitious story that illustrates a moral attitude or a religious principle
Prose the ordinary form of a written language (as opposed to poetry, drama or song)
Situational irony an unexpected event ~ an interesting surprise or coincidence
Verisimilitude the appearance of truth; probability; likelihood
List #7: analogy, antonym, expository, coherence, connotation, denotation, description, mode, (narrative writing), persuasion
Analogy a comparison between 2 or more things that are similar in some ways but otherwise unalike
Antonym a word of opposite meaning
Coherence the integration of diverse elements, relationships or values
Connotation the set of ideas associated with a word in addition to its explicit meaning
Description a portrait in words of a person, place or object
Denotation the dictionary definition of a word, independent of other associations it may have
Expository writing that gives information, discusses ideas or explains a process
Mode a form or manner of expression; style
Narrative Writing writing that tells a story
Persuasion writing or speech that attempts to convince the reader/listener to adopt a particular opinion or
course of action
List #8: cliché, euphemism, inference, metaphor, paraphrase, rhetoric, simile, style, synonym, (thesis statement)
Cliché an expression or saying that is ineffective because it’s been overused
Euphemism a kinder or gentler way of saying something in order to avoid offending someone
Inference a conclusion drawn based on facts presented or gathered
Metaphor a comparison not using like, as or than
Paraphrase a restatement of a text passage or work giving the meaning in another form
Rhetoric the art of expressive speech or discourse & skill in its effective use
Simile a comparison using like, as or than
Style the “way” a writer writes ~ includes syntax, diction, sentence structure, and tone
Synonym a word having the same or nearly the same meaning a another word
Thesis Statement a position/proposition that a person advances & maintains or offers to maintain w/argument
List #9: allusion, epic, (epic hero), epithet, (extended metaphor), (Homeric simile), hubris, (in medias res), myth, (narrative poetry)
Allusion a writer’s indirect reference to a person, place or thing that the reader should know about
Epic a long narrative poem about the deeds of gods or heroes
Epic Hero the protagonist in an epic whose actions help decide the fate of a nation or a group of people
Epithet a unique title or description of a character that indicates something about that character
Extended Metaphor a comparison or several comparisons sustained for several lines or for an entire poem
Homeric Simile an elaborate comparison of unlike subjects; also referred to as an epic ___ (answer is 2 words)
Hubris over-whelming pride or self-confidence; arrogance
In Medias Res occurs when a story starts in the middle of the action
Myth a fictional tale that explains the actions of gods or the causes of natural phenomena
Narrative Poetry poems that tell stories
List 10: couplet, end rhyme, meter, onomatopoeia, personification, rhyme, rhythm, scansion, universality, wit
Couplet two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme
End Rhyme when the rhyming words come at the end of lines
Meter a rhythmical pattern which is determined by the number and types of stresses or beats in each line
Onomatopoeia a word whose sounds suggests or communicates its meaning
Personification giving non-human or inanimate objects human characteristics
Rhyme similar vowel and/or consonant sounds between two or more syllables or words
Rhythm the pattern of beats or stresses in spoken or written language
Scansion the analysis of a rhythmic structure
Universality the amount of relevance or appeal a piece of literature has to a large audience
Wit brief, quick, intelligent or thought-provoking humor
List 11: anecdote, editorial, fable, (fairy tale), folklore, (folk tale), (historical fiction), legend, maxim, melodrama
Anecdote a brief story used to illustrate a point
Editorial an article that expresses a view on a matter of current interest or an expression of such an opinion that
resembles such an article
Fable a story of supernatural or highly marvelous happenings that often enforce some truth or precept
Fairy Tale a simple narrative dealing with supernatural beings that is typical of folk origin and written or told for the
amusement of children
Folklore traditional customs, beliefs, dances, songs, tales or sayings preserved orally and unreflectively among a
people or group
Folk Tale a story traditional among a people and characteristically anonymous, timeless & placeless
Historical Fiction a fictional narrative set in an actually historical event or moment
Legend a story coming down from the past, esp. one handed down through time that’s often regarded as historical
although not usually verifiable
Maxim an expression regarded as a general truth, fundamental principle or rule of conduct
Melodrama. a dramatic form that does not observe the laws of cause & effect & that exaggerates emotion &
emphasizes plot or action at the expense of characterization
List #12: literal, mystery, proverb, pseudonym, (realistic fiction), romance, satire, (science fiction), (short history), voice
Literal language in which words are used in their ordinary sense
Mystery a work of fiction in which terror, espionage and suspense occur
Proverb a short sentence or phrase expressing a recognized truth in life
Pseudonym a false name sometimes used by an author; a pen name
Realistic Fiction imaginative literature that seems or appears to be true
Romance a story of knights and extravagant characters
Satire a humorous mocking or ridiculing of a person, group, idea, etc. that has a more serious intent
Science Fiction writing that tells about imaginary events that involve science and technology
Short History a chronological record of events; events that are real – not imaginary
Voice distinctive qualities of a writer’s personality & style; includes diction, attitude & ideas
List #13: colloquialism, parallelism, poem, preface, speaker, stanza, stereotype, synopsis, syntax, tall tale
Colloquialism a local expression, understood best by those from that area
Parallelism repetition for effect: in writing, the deliberate repetition of particular words or sentence structures for
effect
Poem piece written in verse: a complete and self-contained piece of writing in verse that is set out in lines of a
particular length and uses rhythm, imagery, and often rhyme to achieve its effect
Preface introductory part of text
Speaker the person doing the talking in a poem
Stanza a group of words in a poem or song that convey/communicate a complete thought
Stereotype a representative for a certain type of person, belief, opinion, appearance, etc
Synopsis summary of text or subject
Syntax the organization of words in sentences
Tall Tale a short story that stretches the furthest point of the imagination
List #14: aside, comedy, drama, (dramatic foil), (dramatic monologue), foil, monologue, prologue, sonnet, tragedy
Aside a piece of dialogue intended for the audience & supposedly not heard by other characters on stage
Comedy a literary work, especially a play, that has a happy ending
Drama a story written to be performed by actors
Dramatic Foil a character that provides contrast to another character in a play
Dramatic Monologue a speech written as if spoken by an imagined character, in his or her voice and tone. (It is 'dramatic' because
it comes from a character created by the author in the manner of that character speaking or
thinking out loud. It is a 'monologue' because it comes from one character only)
Foil a character that provides contrast to another character
Monologue is a speech by one character within the presence and hearing of other characters
Prologue an introductory passage or speech before the main action of a play, novel or long poem
Sonnet a fourteen-line lyric poem usually written in iambic pentameter
Tragedy a work of literature, especially a play, that results in a catastrophe for the main character
List #15: catharsis, (dramatic irony), epilogue, (iambic pentameter), oxymoron, soliloquy, parody, (stage directions), (tragic flaw), (tragic hero)
Catharsis the purification or purging of emotions
Dramatic Irony occurs when the reader knows important information that a character does not know
Epilogue short section at the end of a book; a concluding speech or the actor giving such a speech
Iambic Pentameter a five-beat poetic line w/ an alternating pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables
Oxymoron the close combining of opposite terms or words to create an ironic effect
Soliloquy a long speech given by a character while alone on stage
Parody a work created to mock, comment on, or poke fun at an original work, its subject, author, style, or some other target, by means of humorous, satiric or ironic imitation
Stage Directions instructions given to actors regarding where to go while performing
Tragic Flaw a character “weakness” that causes the downfall of the protagonist in a tragedy
Tragic Hero a character of high standing who experiences a great tragedy because of a character flaw
List #16: (circular journey), innuendo, (internal conflict), intrigue, (linear journey), paradox, pun, (rhetorical question), subplot, unity
Circular Journey a character begins the story in one location, travels to different locations, & then
returns to the original locations
Innuendo a suggested or sometimes “hidden” meaning
Internal Conflict a personal struggle within a character or entity
Intrigue complications in the plot that serve to create suspense
Linear Journey when a character begins the story in one location and ends the story in another
Paradox an apparently contradictory statement that only makes sense after further study or thought
Pun a humorous twist or play on various words’ similar sounds and/or meanings
Rhetorical Question asked for effect ~ not meant to actually be answered
Subplot a minor or less-important story-line within the major story
Unity a sense of completion or continuity in a piece of literature
List #17: caricature, (direct characterization), (dynamic character), (flat character), (indirect character),
(primary character), (round character), (secondary character), (static character), (tragic hero)
Caricature writing that exaggerates the humorous characteristics of characters
Direct Characterization when the author uses explicit statements or details to provide a character’s description
Dynamic Character someone that changes, develops or evolves throughout the course of a story
Flat Character. someone about which the reader knows or learns very little
Indirect Characterization a character is described through comments, opinions, responses, etc.
Primary Character anyone in the story whose presence is crucial to the plot
Round Character an interesting person with much description & detail given about him or her
Secondary Character someone who adds depth to a story but whose presence is not crucial to the plot
Static Character someone that stays the same or doesn’t grow during the course of study
juxtaposition an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast
List #18: apostrophe, motivation, (point of view), (1st person), (2nd person), (3rd person-limited),
(3rd person-omniscient), sentimentality, understatement, (stream-of-consciousness)
Apostrophe when a writer/character speaks to someone or something that doesn’t really exist
or isn’t there
First Person narrator is a person/character in the story, telling the story from his perspective
Motivation. the reasons that drive or fuel a character’s actions
Point-of-View the vantage point or perspective from which a story is told
Second Person used primarily when giving instructions or directions
Sentimentality the use of various predictable or clichéd techniques to bring about an emotional response
Stream-of-Consciousness a style of writing that seeks to duplicate thoughts as they actually occur in the mind
Understatement an expression or saying that is less intense than what appears to be reality
3rd Person-Limited narrator is outside of the story & info. is confined to what they know or can see
3rd Person-Omniscient narrator is outside of the story & is “all-knowing” or God-like in perspective
List #19: assonance, (blank verse), cacophony, consonance, dactyl, dissonance, (free verse), quatrain, sestet, tercet
Assonance the repetition of words with similar vowel sounds and different ending consonant sounds
Blank Verse unrhymed iambic pentameter
Cacophony the use of jarring or harsh unpleasant sounds in language for literary effect
Consonance the repetition of words with different vowels sounds & similar ending consonant sounds
Dactyl a metrical foot of 3 syllables with one stressed & two unstressed
Dissonance a combination of unpleasant and often unexpected sounds
Free Verse poetry without a particular pattern of rhyme or rhythm
Quatrain a four-line stanza
Sestet a six-line stanza
Tercet a three-line stanza
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