D C—39 C TODAY LIFESTYLE/HOROSCOPE PUZZLES

Monday, May 1, 2017 Sha'baan 5, 1438 AH

P6 Community Etihad Aviation Group hosts motorbike parade to support autism awareness initiative.

P16 Community Your Health First Poster Competition inspires middle school students to get healthy.

DOHA 30?C--39?C TODAY

LIFESTYLE/HOROSCOPE 11

PUZZLES 12 & 13

COVER STORY

The great salt vault

Study reveals lowering sodium intake doesn't reduce blood pressure. P4-5

2 GULF TIMES Monday, May 1, 2017

COMMUNITY

ROUND & ABOUT

PRAYER TIME

Fajr Shorooq (sunrise) Zuhr (noon) Asr (afternoon) Maghreb (sunset) Isha (night)

USEFUL NUMBERS

3.37am 4.58am 11.31am 3.00pm 6.06pm 7.36pm

Emergency

999

Worldwide Emergency Number

112

Kahramaa ? Electricity and Water

991

Local Directory

180

International Calls Enquires

150

Hamad International Airport

40106666

Labor Department

44508111, 44406537

Mowasalat Taxi

44588888

Qatar Airways

44496000

Hamad Medical Corporation

44392222, 44393333

Qatar General Electricity and

Water Corporation

44845555, 44845464

Primary Health Care Corporation

44593333

44593363

Qatar Assistive Technology

Centre

44594050

Qatar News Agency

44450205

44450333

Q-Post ? General Postal

Corporation

44464444

Humanitarian Services Office

(Single window facility for the repatriation of bodies)

Ministry of Interior

40253371, 40253372,

40253369

Ministry of Health

40253370, 40253364

Hamad Medical Corporation

40253368, 40253365

Qatar Airways

40253374

QuoWtee cUannnqotuote

solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them.

? Albert Einstein

Community Editor Kamran Rehmat

e-mail: community@gulf- Telephone: 44466405 Fax: 44350474

Free Fire DIRECTION: Ben Wheatley WRITTEN BY: Amy Jump, Ben Wheatley CAST: Brie Larson, Sharlto Copley, Armie Hammer, Cillian Murphy, Jack Reynoro SYNOPSIS: Justine brokers a meeting in a deserted warehouse between two Irishmen and a gang led by Vernon

and Ord, who intend to sell them a stash of guns. But when shots fire during the handover, complete pandemonium ensues, with everyone at the scene suddenly thrust into a heart-stopping game of survival. And that's pretty much the breadth of Free Fire.

THEATRES: Royal Plaza, Landamark, The Mall

The Lost City of Z DIRECTION: James Gray WRITTEN BY: James Gray CAST: Charlie Hunnam, Robert Pattinson, Sienna Miller SYNOPSIS: A true-life drama, centering on British explorer Col Percival Fawcett, who disappeared while searching for a mysterious city in the Amazon in the 1920s. British explorer Percy Fawcett journeys into the Amazon,

where he discovers evidence of a previously unknown, advanced civilisation that may have once inhabited the region. Despite being ridiculed by the scientific establishment, which views indigenous populations as savages, the determined Fawcett, supported by his devoted wife, son, and aide-decamp, returns to his beloved jungle in an attempt to prove his case.

THEATRES: The Mall, Landmark

The Mall Cinema (1): Bahubali

The Conclusion (Telugu) 5pm;

2: The Conclusion (Telugu) 2pm;

Bahubali 2: The Conclusion (Tamil)

Bahubali 2: The Conclusion

8pm; Bahubali 2: The Conclusion

(Malayalam) 5pm; Bahubali 2: The (Telugu) 5:15pm; Bahubali 2: The (Malayalam) 11pm.

Conclusion (Tamil) 8pm; Bahubali Conclusion (Malayalam) 8:15pm; Royal Plaza Cinema Palace (2):

2: The Conclusion (Hindi) 11pm,. Bahubali 2: The Conclusion (Hindi) Bahubali 2: The Conclusion (Hindi)

The Mall Cinema (2): The Boss 11:15pm.

2pm; The Lost City Of Z (2D) 5pm;

Baby (2D) 2pm; The Boss Baby

Landmark Cinema (2): The

The Boss Baby (2D) 7:30pm; Free

(2D) 3:45pm; The Boss Baby (2D) Boss Baby (2D) 2:15pm; Free Fire Fire (2D) 9:30pm; Headshot (2D)

5:30pm; The Fate Of The Furious (2D) 4:15pm; The Fate Of The

11:30pm.

8 (2D) 7:15pm; Sniper: Special Ops Furious 8 (2D) 6pm; Bahubali 2: Royal Plaza Cinema Palace (3):

(2D) 9:30pm; The Fate Of The

The Conclusion (Tamil) 8:30pm; The Boss Baby (2D) 2:30pm; The

Furious 8 (2D) 11:15pm.

Headshot (2D) 11:30pm.

Boss Baby (2D) 4:15pm; Sniper:

The Mall Cinema (3): The Promise Landmark Cinema (3): Bahubali Special Ops (2D) 6pm; The Fate Of

(2D) 2pm; Free Fire (2D) 4:15pm; 2: The Conclusion (Malayalam)

The Furious 8 (2D) 8pm; Bahubali 2:

The Lost City Of Z (2D) 5:45pm;

2:15pm; The Boss Baby (2D) 5:15pm; The Conclusion (Hindi) 10:30pm.

Bahubali 2: The Conclusion (Hindi) The Boss Baby (2D) 7pm; The Lost Asian Town Cinema: Bahubali

8pm; Bahubali 2: The Conclusion City Of Z (2D) 8:45pm; Bahubali 2: 2: The Conclusion (Telugu) 6 &

(Malayalam) 11pm.

The Conclusion (Tamil) 11:15pm. 9pm; Bahubali 2: The Conclusion

Landmark Cinema (1): Bahubali Royal Plaza Cinema Palace

(Malayalam) 6:30, 7 & 10pm;

2: The Conclusion (Hindi) 2:15pm; (1): Bahubali 2: The Conclusion

Bahubali 2: The Conclusion (Tamil)

Bahubali 2: The Conclusion

(Malayalam) 2pm; Bahubali 2:

7 & 10pm.

ROUND & ABOUT

3 Monday, May 1, 2017 GULF TIMES

COMMUNITY

EVENTS

The Cabinet of Dr Caligari WHERE: Katara Opera House WHEN: May 3 TIME: 7:30pm The Doha Film Institute Cinema (DFI Cinema) will present a very special experience of a classic film. The Cabinet of Dr Caligari (Germany/ 1920) by Robert Wiene, accompanied with live performance by the Qatar Philharmonic Orchestra. The event, part of the `Creators of Horror' film series by DFI Cinema, will take place on May 3, 7:30pm at the Opera House, Katara Building 16. The special event also marks the Qatar-Germany Year of Culture 2017 and is presented in partnership with Qatar Museums, German Embassy and the Goethe Institute, and Katara Cultural Village. Tickets are available at qatarphilharmonicorchestra. org. The films included in the Creators of Horror showcase were specially curated to present works by master-directors who have redefined the thriller, horror genre, and contributed to its worldwide appeal. The Cabinet of Dr Caligari is a prominent example of German Expressionist filmmaking, and a gem of the silent era with its imaginative use of lighting, off-kilter sets and camera angles. The DFI Cinema screenings are part of Doha Film Institute's year-round initiatives to offer varied cinema experiences, making a valuable contribution to the diversity of screen culture in Qatar, and providing cultural and creative discoveries for audiences in Doha. For more information, please log on to:

International Jazz Day WHEN: Tomorrow WHERE: Sheraton Grand Doha TIME: 7pm When melodies and harmony come together, the night becomes stylish and swinging. Join us to pay tribute to the International Jazz day with Doha Jazz band!

Heya Arabian Fashion Exhibition WHERE: DECC WHEN: Until tomorrow TIME: 10am to 10pm Heya Arabian Fashion Exhibition returns

for its 11th edition to delight fashion enthusiasts, aspiring designers and shoppers with an eclectic mix of contemporary modest fashion and exciting new visitor experiences.

Our culture is a school WHERE: Katara Beach WHEN: Until May 30 TIME: 9am-12 By participating in the programme of `Our culture is a school', Katara Beach emphasises the Qatari marine tradition and introduces to students the meaning of Dasha, Al Qafal and various type of pearls. The students will as well discover all details of the Fath El Kheir journey, in addition to many contests and prices presented during this participation.

QNHG Talk Weather and Climate of Qatar Speaker : Richard Angwin Broadcast meteorologist with Al Jazeera English TV Date: Wednesday, May 3 Time: 7pm Refreshments from 6.30pm. Q and A afterwards Where : Doha English Speaking School, Madinat Khalifa South, Synopsis: As this last winter has shown, there is a surprising variety of weather in Qatar. This talk will explain why our weather is usually hot and sunny, and why, sometimes, it is not! Short biography of the speaker Richard began his career with the UK Met Office in 1979. He became a weather forecaster in 1990 and spent almost a decade providing weather services for a range of clients before working with the BBC as a weather presenter in Bristol. He joined Al Jazeera in 2011 and provides weather forecasts for a global TV audience.

Karting at Losail Circuit Sports Club WHEN: Until June 16 WHERE: Losail International Circuit, Doha TIME: 5pm onwards The Karting track at Losail International Circuit is open for public. Also it can be opened for private companies (upon request and availability). The registrations will be done directly at the venue, at the VIP Car Park of the Losail International Circuit. The minimum age is 15 years old and any participant under the age of 18 needs permission signed by a legal guardian for the karting activity.

Art 29 Emergeast's `Currents' Exhibition

WHEN: Until May 20 WHERE: W Doha Hotel & Residences, Qatar TIME: 9am ? 7pm Who run the world? Girls! Check out the all-female artist exhibition, `Currents' by Emergeast, which makes its debut in Doha for the very first time. The collection will highlight the flow of a cross-cultural dialogue with concrete parallels.

Childhood Cultural Center WHEN: May 31 WHERE: Childhood Cultural Center TIME: 9am?11am Childhood Cultural Center participation in `Schools enrich our Culture' programme includes a variety of educational and artistic workshops. In addition to personal development skills with a focus on "problem solving skills", "rectifying inappropriate discipline", "planning principles" and "voluntary work", it targets all school academic levels within an interactive entertaining framework.

Whose Line is it Anyway? Live in Qatar WHEN: May 13 WHERE: Grand Hyatt Doha Popular improve comedy show Whose Line is it Anyway? hits the live stage in Qatar. Andy Smart, Ian Coppinger, Stephen Frost and Steve Steen are set to crack open a can of laughter as they interact with the crowd and improvise their way through the night. The show garnered popularity worldwide and had a largely successful version of the show in the United States. Tickets for the show are priced at just QR150 and are available for purchase online.

Community Education Programme WHEN: Until May 25 WHERE: VCUQatar TIME: 8am-5pm Learn new skills and deepen your understanding of arts and culture at VCUQatar. Choose from a wide selection of art, design and craft courses you can take from VCUQatar in Education City or from IAID (Academy for Dance, Music & Arts). Visit VCUQatar for registration, Sunday to Thursday, 9am ? 12pm and 1pm to 3.45pm. You may also register online. Seats can only be reserved with full payment. Community classes are also offered at from Georgetown University, Education City.

Qatar Running Series WHEN: May 12 WHERE: Oxygen Park TIME: 7am The events will take place in Oxygen Park, Education City and comprises distances ranging from 3K to Full Marathon. All events will be run on accurately measured short courses with multiple laps and will be restricted to a maximum of 120 participants.

Short Documentary Lab WHEN: Until May 24 TIME: 2?7pm Making a documentary is much more than simply filming what surrounds us. It can be a way of understanding the world, a tool to make it a better place, an art form where you can find your own voice. This intensive lab is designed to introduce young people to the world of documentary filmmaking. Through watching and discussing, they discover the possibilities of the genre.

Salsa Beginners Dance Class WHEN: Every Friday WHERE: B Attitude Spa, West Bay TIME: 8pm-9pm Salsa n Candela offers variety of dance classes for adults at Beverly Hills Tower such as Salsa every Friday and other Latin dance during other days of the week.

Festive time WHEN: Ongoing WHERE: Doha Festival City The entertainment offering has been designed to ensure there are numerous opportunities for physical activities, from the running track which features exercise stations, the bike trail, through to our `firstof-its-kind' in Qatar, Snow Dunes theme park. DFC is excited to welcome first visitors in April and to celebrate the best leisure

facilities, retail mix and dining options, all with exceptional service.

Aqua Park 2017 season WHEN: Until August WHERE: Aqua Park The Aqua Park 2017 season is finally here and is happening with a big bang and splash.

Imperial Threads: Motifs and Artisans WHERE: Museum of Islamic Art WHEN: Until November 4 This exhibition focuses on the exchange of artistic and material cultures between the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires. Highlighting MIA's masterpiece carpets, among other artworks, from Turkey, Iran and India, these objects will be contextualised within the historical circumstances of politics and artistic production of their time, primarily from the 16th to the 18th centuries.

Picasso-Giacometti WHEN: Until May 21 WHERE: Fire Station Artist In Residence This exhibition brings together more than 120 works by Picasso and Giacometti, drawn from the collections of the Mus?e national Picasso-Paris and the Fondation Giacometti in Paris, as well as exceptional loans from French and other international collections, covering paintings, sculptures, sketches, photographs and interviews with the artists. The exhibition reflects two years of research undertaken by the Fondation Giacometti and the Mus?e national Picasso-Paris, which reveals for the first time the previously unknown relationship between these two artists, who, despite an age gap of 20 years, shared many moments, both personal and professional. It has been organised in six sections, evoking different aspects of each artist's production, including the development of their work as young artists through to their modernist creations, showing the correspondences between their works, the influence of the surrealist movement, and the return to realism during the post-war period. The exhibition will be accompanied by a series of lectures and an extensive education programme, as well as a self-guided handbook for the visitors.

Reggae Beachfest Doha WHEN: Thursdays and Fridays WHERE: Oyster Beach Bar at St Regis Hotel TIME: 8pm onwards In collaboration with Reggae Beachfest in Dubai, Qatar will witness the best nights around. The organisers say, "We've got the setup sorted to get you feeling the Caribbean vibe. Along with our resident band Earthkry all the way from Jamaica, we have so many big names in the Reggae scene lined up at this huge beachfest!" Entrance fee is QR50 at the door. For more information, please call 44460105.

Senorita- Ladies Night WHERE: The Club at St Regis WHEN: Tuesdays TIME: 7pm The Club at St Regis promises the `finest week-night in town with Cuban and Latin rhythms'. The event starts at 7pm. The dress code is "strictly fabulous-Latin vibe" and there are no entrance fees. For more information, please call 4446-0105.

FOODIE CHOICE

La Spiga by Papermoon LOCATION: W Doha Hotel & Residences Experience authentic Italian cuisine where vibrant design and a sophisticated scene set the tone for an extraordinary dining experience at Paper Moon's La Spiga. For reservations, call 44535135, 44535354.

Compiled by Nausheen Shaikh. E-mail: gtlisting@, Events and timings subject to change

4 GULF TIMES Monday, May 1, 2017

COMMUNITY

COVER STORY

Reduced sodium intake theory takes a beating

High blood pressure is a known risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Hence, lowering salt intake is supposed to lower BP and thus reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and

stroke. But a study has found that supposition to be unfounded. By Bradley J Fikes

In another blow against decades of accepted medical wisdom, one of the most prestigious, long-running studies reports that lowering sodium intake doesn't reduce blood pressure.

The study also implies that most Americans are consuming a perfectly healthy amount of salt, the main source of sodium. But those who are salt-sensitive -- about 20 percent to 25 percent of the population -- still need to restrict salt intake.

Consuming less than 2,500 milligrams of sodium daily is actually associated with higher blood pressure, according to the Framingham Offspring Study report. The American Heart Association recommends consuming no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium daily, equal to a teaspoon of ordinary iodised table salt.

High blood pressure is a known risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Hence, lowering salt intake is supposed to lower blood pressure and thus reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. But the study found that supposition to be unfounded.

Moreover, the lowest blood pressure was recorded by those who consumed 4,000 milligrams or more a day -- amounts considered dangerously high by medical authorities such as the American Heart Association.

Those taking from 2,500 milligrams to 4,000 milligrams a day had very slightly higher blood pressure, but significantly below the low-sodium group. The average American consumes 3,400 milligrams of sodium a day.

Higher levels of calcium, potassium and magnesium were also associated with lower blood pressure. The lowest readings came from people who consumed an average of 3,717 milligrams of sodium and 3,211 milligrams of potassium a day.

The study is an offshoot of the groundbreaking Framingham Heart Study. Both are projects of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University.

The new report was delivered in Chicago during the Experimental Biology meeting by Lynn L. Moore, an associate professor of medicine

at Boston University School of Medicine.

The report directly contradicts advice from the American Heart Association, which recommends consuming less than 1,500 milligrams of sodium a day to reduce blood pressure and risk of heart disease.

The American Heart Association justifies its recommendation on a 2001 study in the New England Journal of Medicine. The study is cited in a "scientific statement" by the association.

The NEJM study examined 412 participants -- both those with and without hypertension -- for 30 days. They were randomly assigned to eat either a control diet or the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, or DASH, diet, which is rich in vegetables, fruits and low-fat dairy products.

The Framingham Offspring Study based its findings on a population of more than 2,600 men and women, whom it followed for 16 years. That means it can capture the longterm results of salt consumption, which the New England Journal of Medicine study couldn't do because of its short duration.

Cheryl Anderson, a member of the American Heart Association's Nutrition Committee, said the study appeared to have some weaknesses in data collection, according to its abstract. Anderson didn't attend the presentation, because she was delivering her own at the same time.

The best standard for such studies of sodium intake is a 24hour multiple urine collections protocol, which the study didn't have, said Anderson, an associate professor in the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine at the University of California, San Diego.

The study used dietary records, which aren't as accurate as direct measurement, Anderson said.

And it's also possible that some of those in the study may have changed their sodium intake because they developed high blood pressure, which would confound the correlation, she said.

"When I put it in the broader context of the general literature around dietary sodium assessment and blood pressure, particularly from what we know about clinical

COVER STORY

5 Monday, May 1, 2017 GULF TIMES

COMMUNITY

trials, (the study) didn't bother me in any way," Anderson said.

"Until I see the whole paper, this is not going in any way to disrupt my current thinking around that fact that high sodium intakes are likely to increase your blood pressure."

Anderson pointed to studies that examined the relationship between sodium intake and the outcome of cardiovascular disease events. These include a study published in the journal BMJ in 2007, led by Nancy Cook of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School in Boston.

That study enrolled 744 participants with prehypertension, randomised to either a low-sodium diet or control. It included an original measurement of sodium and subsequent follow-ups.

"The crude rate of cardiovascular disease was somewhat lower among those assigned to the sodium reduction intervention in stratified analysis than corresponding controls," the study stated. "After adjustment for baseline characteristics, particularly the imbalance in age, there were significant differences between groups."

That study began with urinary measurements of sodium excretion, but in the final long-term followup questionnaire, the study used self-reported information on sodium intake.

Anderson said ideally, such studies outcomes would have followed the 24-hour urine collection protocol, but that has proven too difficult. People would need to be monitored for decades to detect the long-term effects of dietary sodium, and that would be prohibitively expensive.

"Are you going to give me money for 25 years to do that?" Anderson asked. "That's why

these studies haven't been done. It's because they're logistically quite a challenge, from a funding perspective almost impossible."

Moore, who delivered the report at the Experimental Biology meeting, said the putative link between higher sodium consumption, higher blood pressure and cardiovascular disease and stroke wasn't well understood. More recent evidence suggests the logic behind that link is flawed.

Early studies found that among those with high blood pressure, restricting sodium lowered blood pressure.

"A low-sodium diet has been popularised for a few decades, and I think it originally had to do with the observation that among people

Consuming less than 2,500 milligrams of sodium daily is actually associated with higher blood pressure, according to the Framingham Offspring Study report. The American Heart Association recommends consuming no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium daily, equal to a teaspoon of ordinary iodised table salt

with high blood pressure, if you restrict their sodium intake, their blood pressure actually goes down.

"I think that led to the inference that restricting your sodium intake in general (among the public) would actually reduce your risk of developing high blood pressure," Moore said.

Further extrapolating, since higher blood pressure is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, then lowering sodium would lower blood pressure and hence lower cardiovascular disease rates.

This chain-of-events thinking led to the recommendation that the general population cut its sodium intake.

However, that extrapolation didn't work as planned, Moore

said. The picture turned out to be much more complicated. People on the lowest-sodium diets actually appeared to have higher cardiovascular risk and risk of dying than those taking more sodium.

"There's been consequently a lot of controversy over the last five or six years over this topic, but there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the relationship between sodium and cardiovascular disease is actually J-shaped."

Moore was referring to a pattern in which an extremely low level of the substance being measured produces a higher risk, which falls to a plateau and then rises again at the higher extreme.

This is the pattern found in an

"There's been a lot of controversy over the last five or six years over this topic, but there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the relationship between sodium and cardiovascular disease is actually J-shaped"

-- Lynn L. Moore, Associate Professor of Medicine at Boston University School of

Medicine

August 2014 study in the New England Journal of Medicine, which found a greatly elevated risk of death or major heart event at the dietary sodium level recommended by the American Heart Association.

The study also found that the average intake for Americans placed them near the bottom of the risk curve.

Anderson, the American Heart Association scientist, said that study was also flawed because it didn't use a 24-hour urine collection protocol.

Moore said greater attention needs to be given to a hypothesis that people generally consume the amount of sodium they need. In other words, they are biologically driven to keep their consumption within a certain range.

The J-shaped curve implies that tampering with this drive could cause unforeseen health problems.

"There's evidence that salt restriction has a lot of effects on other systems other than blood pressure," Moore said. "You end up with higher levels of renin, rather than lower levels," referring to an enzyme that helps raise blood pressure.

"Other studies have shown that cholesterol goes up, triglyceride levels go up. So there are a number of effects on known risk factors for heart disease that are independent of blood pressure, that seem to be activated in a setting of salt restriction," she said.

Other reports in recent years have challenged the scientific basis of dietary advice on salt. These include a 2011 Cochrane Review study, a September 2014 study in the American Journal of Hypertension, and in January 2015, in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommended that sodium intake be lowered to 2,300 milligrams per day for the general population. The report is a joint project of the US Departments of Health and Human Services and of Agriculture.

However, a 2013 report by the Institute of Medicine specifically declined to endorse that limit, in part because the quality of information was insufficient.

"Overall, the committee found that both the quantity and quality of relevant studies to be less than optimal," the IOM report delicately stated.

But the carefully worded report also concluded that the bulk of the evidence indicates a correlation between higher levels of sodium intake and cardiovascular disease.

It also said there was insufficient evidence to conclude that lowering sodium intake below 2,300 milligrams per day either increases or decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease or death in the general population.

The 2015 version of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans repeats the recommendation to lower sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams.

The next edition of the guidelines is scheduled to be released in 2020. -- The San Diego Union-Tribune/ TNS

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