AP Psychology - East Lyme Public Schools
AP Psychology
Study Guide
Chapter 9 Memory
Key Terms
Using your own words, on this paper write a brief definition or explanation of each of the following.
Memory
Flashbulb memory
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Automatic processing
Effortful processing
Rehearsal
Spacing effect
Serial Position effect
Visual encoding
Acoustic encoding
Semantic encoding
Imagery
Mnemonics
Chunking
Iconic memory
Echoic memory
Long-term potentiation (LTP)
Amnesia
Implicit memory
Explicit memory
Hippocampus
Recall
Recognition
Relearning
Priming
Déjà vu
Mood-congruent memory
Proactive interference
Retroactive interference
Repression
Misinformation effect
Source amnesia
Questions
The Phenomenon of Memory (pp.344-346)
1. Explain memory in terms of information processing.
Encoding: Getting Information In (pp. 347-354)
1. Explain the process of encoding, and distinguish between automatic and effortful.
2. Discuss the importance of rehearsal, spacing, and serial position in encoding.
3. Explain the importance of meaning, imagery, and organization in the encoding process.
Storage: Retaining Information (pp. 354-361)
1. Distinguish between iconic and echoic memory.
2. Describe memory capacity and duration.
3. Discuss research findings on the physical basis of memory.
4. Discuss what research with amnesia victims and animal conditioning reveals about the brain mechanisms involved in the dual explicit-implicit memory system.
Retrieval: Getting Information Out (pp. 361-365)
1. Contrast recall, recognition, and relearning measures of memory.
2. Describe the importance of retrieval cues, noting the effects of priming, contexts, and moods on retrieval.
Forgetting (pp. 365-371)
1. Broadly describe Schacter’s seven sins of memory as a categorization of the ways in which we forget.
2. Discuss forgetting as either a form of encoding failure or storage decay.
3. Discuss the roles of interference and motivated forgetting in the process of retrieval failure.
Memory Construction 9pp. 372-381)
1. Discuss the evidence for memory’s being constructive.
2. Identify several ways in which real memories differ from false memories, and discuss whether children are credible eyewitnesses.
3. Explain why memory researchers are suspicious of claims of long-repressed memories “recovered” with the aid of a therapist.
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