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ABDOMEN MCQsRegarding divisions of anterior abdominal wall:Midclavicular line joins the midpoint of clavicle to the midpoint of inguinal ligament. – mid clavicular point to mid inguinal point – between the ASIS and pubic symphysis (not PT)Intertubercular plane joins the ischial tuberosities. – transtubercular via iliac tuberclesTranspyloric plane lies at the lowest costal margin. – subcostal plane, the transpyloric is through 9thAll of the above is false. <-All of the above is true.Regarding inguinal ligament:It attaches to anterior superior iliac spine & pubic tubercle <- it does, and is like a flexor retinacula for the hip. Some medial fibers follow other courses though (pectineal and lacunar ligs)It is the lower rolled in aponeurotic edge of internal oblique. – external obliqueIt attaches to fascia lata. <- correct alsoInguinal canal occupies the whole length inguinal ligament. – no, internal ring is superior to the middleAll of the above.Regarding the rectus sheath:It lies wholly anterior to rectus abdominis between the costal margin & the arcuate line.It encloses the rectus abdominis between the costal margin & the arcuate line.The arcuate (semicircular) line is the lower free margin of internal obliqueSemilunar line is the blood less groove which internal oblique aponeurosis splits to enclose rectus abdominisAll of the aboveWhich of the following is FALSE regarding anterior abdominal wall?Neurovascular plane lies between the internal oblique & transversus abdominis layersAnterior cutaneous nerve is the branch of posterior intercostal nerve (T7-11).External oblique is supplied by the lateral cutaneous branch of posterior intercostal nerve (T7-11).Anastomosis of superior & inferior epigastric artery represents the communication between the internal thoracic & external iliac arteriesLymph nodes lie within the neurovascular plane.Melanoma on the left iliac fossa may spread to:pectoral lymph nodesmedial group of inguinal lymph nodeslateral group of inguinal lymph nodesexternal iliac lymph nodesmediastinal lymph nodesRegarding inguinal canal, which of the following is INCORRECT?Internal oblique & transversus abdominis form its anterior wall, roof & posterior wall.The floor is made up of lacunar & pectineal ligaments.The conjoint tendon lies laterally within the posterior wall.Deep inguinal ring lies at midpoint of inguinal ligament.Inferior epigastric artery lies medial to deep inguinal ring.Which of the following is NOT a content of the spermatic cord?Ilioinguinal nervePampiniform plexusGenital branch of genito-femoral nerveVas deferensCremasteric arteryThe triangle of Hesselbach is NOT bounded by”Inferior epigastric arteryRectus abdominisInguinal ligamentSemicirular lineAll of the aboveLymphatics of the testis drains to:medial group of inguinal lymph nodeslateral group of inguinal lymph nodespara-aortic lymph nodesexternal iliac lymph nodesinternal iliac lymph nodesRegarding epididymis, the following is FALSE?It lies on the postero-lateral surface of testisIt is enclosed within the tunica albugineaVas deferens lies medial to itIt is surrounded by tunica vaginalisIt is supplied by the testicular arteryThe following does NOT supply the testis:T10 segment of spinal cordSympathetic nerves along the testicular arteryEfferent fibers synapsing at the coeliac ganglionParasympathetic supply from the sacral plexusAll of the aboveRegarding the transpyloric plane:It is at the level of 9th costal cartilage.The fundus of the gall bladder lies beneath the transection point between the right semilunar line & the transpyloric plane.The body of stomach lies beneath the transection point between the left semilunar line & transpyloric planeIt is at the level where the spinal cord ends at the conus medullarisAll of the aboveAt the transpyloric plane:Inferior mesenteric artery is given off at the aortaThe supracolic compartment is divided from the infracolic compartmentIt is the level of the hila of kidneyThe splenic vein travels behind the pancreasAll of the aboveRegarding the peritoneal folds of the anterior abdominal wall, the following is INCORRECT:Falciform ligament contains the obliterated left umbilical veinMedian umbilical fold contains the obliterated right umbilical veinMedial umbilical ligament contain the obliterated umbilical arteryLateral umbilical fold contains the inferior epigastric vesselsAll of the aboveThe lesser sac does NOT have:stomach & lesser omentum as its anterior wallcaudate lobe of liver as its roofpancreas as its inferior boundaryinferior vena cava & aorta as its posterior wallall of the aboveEpiploic foramen is NOT bounded by:2nd part of duodenumcaudate process of liverinferior vena cavaportal veinnone of the aboveHepatorenal pouch:is the lowest part of the abdominal cavity in supine positionits anterior relation includes the liverits inferior relation includes the right kidneyall of the abovenone of the aboveThe root of the mesentery does NOT:Begins at the duodeno-jejunal junction at the L2 levelcross the 2nd part of duodenumis about 15cm long.Crosses the aorta, inferior vena cava & the right ureterIs supplied by the coeliac axis.The apex of sigmoid mesocolon is the landmark for:Bifurication of the left common iliac arteryLeft sacroiliac jointLeft ureter crosses the pelvic brimInferior mesenteric artery crosses the pelvic brimAll of the aboveWhich of the following are NOT considered part of the foregut?LiverPancreasKidneysSpleen1st part of duodenumBranches of coeliac axis does NOT includesplenic arterycommon hepatic arteryleft gastric arteryright gastric arteryall of the aboveIn the free edge of lesser omentum:common hepatic artery lies to the right of the bile ductportal vein lies posteriorlyit forms the posterior border of epiploic foramenall of the abovenone of the aboveSplenic vein does NOT drain:inferior mesenteric vein in front of the left crus of diaphragmshort gastric vein at the hilum of spleen.Left gastroepiploic vein at the hilum of spleen.Superior mesenteric veinTributaries from tail, body & neck of pancreasSuperior mesenteric artery:arise from L3 levelterminates at the splenic flexureis clapsed between left renal vein & portal vein at its originlies superior to 2nd part of duodenumgives off the superior pancreatico-duodenal artery.Oesophagus projects through the diaphragm at the level of:T86th costal cartilageT108th costal cartilageT12Which of the following is FALSE regarding the stomach?Pylorus lies to the right of midline at L1 levelFundus is part of the stomach below the level of cardiaAngular notch (incisura angularis) is the part of stomach between the body & the pylorusPrepyloric vein do not have an acompanying arteryNerve supply is from anterior & posterior vagal trunksWhich of the following is FALSE regarding the duodenum?it is not wholly retroperitonealthe 2nd part is 2 inches longit is wholly supplied by the coeliac axisgall bladder touches the upper convexity of the duodenal cap3rd part of duodenum is clasped between the superior & inferior mesenteric artery at their originsDuodenal cap receives blood supply from :common hepatic arteryright gastric arterygastroduodenal arterysuperior pancreatico-duodenal arteryall of the aboveSympathetic supply to small intestine is from the spinal cord segments:T7-8T9-10T11-12None of the aboveAll of the abovePosterior relation of caecum include the following EXCEPT:appendixpsoas fasciailiacusfemoral nervefemoral arteryAppendix does NOT:open into the postero-medial wall of caecum 2cm below the ileocaecal valvehas 3 taeniae coli converges onto its originis marked by a point 1/3 way down a line joining umbilicus to ASISits artery is an end arteryall of the aboveWhich of the following regarding the colon is FALSE?the longest part is transverse colondiverticulosis is most common in the descending colontransverse colon is connected to the stomach by gastrocolic omentumit is characterized by the presence of taniae coli & appendice epiploicaetransverse mesocolon attaches from left renal hilum to right renal hilumNerve supply to the colon include:parasympathetic supply from the vagusparasympathetic supply from pelvic splanchnicsympathetic supply to T10-L2all of the abovenone of the aboveThe porta hepatis does NOT contain:hepatic veinhepatic arteryportal veinbile ducthepatic nodesCaudate lobe of the liver lies between the following structures EXCEPT:lesser omentumligamentum teresinferior vena cavaporta hepatisligamentum venosumBare area of the liver lies between the following structures EXCEPT:upper leaf of coronary ligamentlower leaf of coronary ligamentinferior vena cavaporta hepatisThe most anterior structure in the porta hepatis is:hepatic veinbile ducthepatic arteryportal veinIVCUpper border of liver reaches on the right side at:4th rib4th intercostal space5th rib5th intercostal space6th ribHartmann’s pouch of gallbladder is located at:Fundus of gallbladderJunction of the fundus & the body of gallbladderJunction of the body & the neck of gallbladderJunction of the neck of gallbladder & cystic duct.None of the aboveAnterior relations of gallbladder include the following EXCEPT:Left lobe of liverDuodenumTransverse colonAll of the aboveNone of the aboveMajor blood supply to common bile duct is from:Hepatic arteryGastroduodenal arteryCystic arteryCystic arterySuperior pancreatico-duodenal arteryInferior pancreatico-duodenal arteryBiliary tract pain can be felt in the following dermatomal area:C3-5T7-10T9-10T10-L1None of the aboveHead of pancreas:lies at L1 levelis sypplied by the splenic arteryis anterior to IVC at the level where L& R renal veins are given offIts uncinate process lies superior to the superior mesenteric arteryAll its lymphatics drain directly to coeliac nodes.The following regarding the spleen is FALSE:It lies between 7th to 9th ribIt needs to be twice the size before it projects beyond the costal marginIts enlargement is in the direction of line of 10th ribEnlarged spleen lies posterior to splenic flexureIt has no parasympathetic supply.Regarding quadratus lumborum, the following is FALSE:it is supplied by T12 – L4 n roots.Thickening of its fascia formed the lateral arcuate ligamentIt lies in the posterior compartment of lumbar fasciaSubcostal neurovascular bundle passes beneath the lateral arcuate ligamentAll of the above46.Which of the following is FALSE?Common iliac arteries arise from abdominal aorta at the level of L4Inferior mesenteric artery arises from abdominal aorta at the level of L3Renal arteries arise from abdominal aorta at the level of L2Gonadal arteries arise from abdominal aorta at the level of L3 Suprarenal arteries arise from abdominal aorta at the level of L1Which of the following is FALSE regarding ilioinguinal nerve?It is a collateral branch of iliohypogastric nerveIt only supplies the skin.It pierces the external spermatic fascia in the inguinal canalIt supplies the anterior 1/3 of scrotum, root of penis & upper medial groin areas.It contains L1 anterior rami fibers.L genitofemoral nerve’s anterior relations does NOT include:L ureterL gonadal vesselsIleocolic arteryInferior mesenteric veinAll of the aboveThe following regarding the kidney is FALSE:Renal artery is the most posterior structure the hilum of kidneyRenal fascia & perinephric fat serves as stabilising factors of the kidneyL renal hila lies just below the transpyloric planeCostodiaphragmetic pleura lies posterior to the upper poles of both kidneysIts lymphatics drains to L2 para-aortic lymph nodes.Arterial supply of ureter does NOT include:renal arterygonadal arterymiddle rectal arteryexternal iliac arteryinferior vesical arteryRectum:begins at S3 & ends at the anorectal junction 3 cm above the cutaneous margin of anusits immediate anterior relation is rectovesical pouch in male & pouch of Douglas in femaleat its lower border, the ureter lies immediately lateral to itsuperior rectal artery forms the main blood supplyall of the aboveWhich of the following structure is NOT normally palpable in rectal examination?SacrumIschial spineAnorectal ringSeminal vesiclesCervixWhich of the following structures do NOT drain to the internal iliac lymph nodes?ovariesfallopian tubesuterusvaginacervixPosterior division of internal iliac artery does NOT include:superior gluteal branchiliolumbar branchlateral sacral branchsuperior vesical branchall of the aboveAt the pectinate line, there is communication between:superior & inferior rectal arterysuperior, middle & inferior rectal veinslymphatic drainageall of the abovenone of the aboveSacro-iliac joint:is a synovial jointits articular surfaces is covered by hyaline cartilagebony congruence is an important factor of the stability of the jointit is weight bearing in the upright positionall of the aboveANSWERSD11. D21. D31. C41. D51. EC12. E22. B32. B42. B52. DE13. E23. D33. D43. C53. AE14. B24. C34. A44. D54. CB15. C25. C35. B45. C55. DC16. A26. B36. D46. D56. AA17. D27. B37. B47. BD18. B28. E38. C48. CC19. E29. B39. D49. AB20. C30. E40. A50. D ................
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