PMHS - Mr. Gross' Anatomy & Physiology



Lymphatic System

Lymphatic System: Overview

← Consists of two semi-independent parts

• A meandering __________________________________________ (moves Lymph)

• Lymphoid tissues and organs scattered throughout the body (_______ ________________)

← Returns interstitial fluid and leaked plasma proteins ________________________

← Lymph – _______________________________________________________

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Different names for the SAME FLUID

← Blood plasma ___________________________________________________

← Interstitial fluid __________________________________________________

← Lymph fluid ________________________________________

**** These 3 different fluids are the same fluid just with different names depending on where the fluid is located. (blood plasma = Lymph = Interstitial fluid)

←

The Lymphatic system

← It transports a watery clear fluid called lymph = __________________________ 

← This fluid distributes immune cells and other factors throughout the body. It also interacts with the blood circulatory system to drain fluid from cells and tissues.

← The lymphatic system contains immune cells called lymphocytes, ___________ _________________________________________________________________ 

Main functions

← The lymphatic system is composed:

• ___________________________

• ____________________________

• organs

← The functions:

• to collect and return interstitial fluid & plasma protein to blood, thus helps maintain fluid balance________________

• to defend the body against disease by producing lymphocytes (B-cells, and T-cells)

←

Lymph organs

← Lymph organs include the bone __________, lymph nodes, spleen, and _____.

← Precursor cells in the bone marrow produce lymphocytes.

• B-lymphocytes (B-cells) mature in the bone marrow.

• T-lymphocytes (T-cells) mature in the thymus gland.

Lymphocytes

← T cells

• Manage the immune response

← _____________________________________ T cells

• Attack and destroy foreign cells

← B cells

• Produce _________ cells, which secrete antibodies

• Antibodies immobilize antigens

Lymphatic Vessels

← ____________________ system in which lymph flows toward the heart

← Lymph vessels include:

• Microscopic, permeable, blind-ended capillaries

• Lymphatic collecting vessels

[pic]

Lymph Capillaries

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Lymph movement

← Lymph vessels are _____________________________with the circulatory system vessels.

← Contraction of skeletal muscle causes movement of the lymph fluid through valves.

Lymph Transport

← The lymphatic system lacks an organ that acts as a _________

← Vessels are low-pressure conduits

← Uses the same methods as veins to propel lymph

• Pulsations of nearby arteries

• Contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatics

Lymph Nodes

← Their two basic functions are:

• ______________________ – macrophages destroy microorganisms and debris

• Immune system activation – monitor for antigens and mount an attack against them

←

Structure of a Lymph Node

[pic]

Spleen

← __________________________________, located on the left side of the abdominal cavity beneath the diaphragm

← It extends to curl around the anterior aspect of the stomach

← It is served by the splenic artery and vein, which enter and exit at the hilus

← Functions

• Site of lymphocyte proliferation

• Immune surveillance and response

• _____________ the blood – takes out old and defective red blood cells

Filtering

← ___________ are filters of the lymph 

← The ____________ is a filter for old red blood cells  

Disorder of the Lymphatic System

← ___________ is a group of cancers that affect the cells that play a role in the immune system, and primarily represents cells involved in the lymphatic system of the body.

← They often originate in lymph nodes, presenting as an enlargement of the node (a tumor).

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