Report template n.ac.uk



Title:Introduction to orienteering compasses and map navigationFrom:David SutherlandDate:?16/7/2018AimThe aim is to introduce the basic features of an orienteering compass and how to use it to find yourself and navigate from point A to B with a map. This is important because basic navigation is vital to be able to safely work in outdoor environments and is fundamental for basic field research.Learning OutcomesName and explain the features of an orienteering compass.Implement locate yourself techniques to locate yourself.Operate an orienteering compass to navigate from point A to B.Orienteering Compass Features28797252399665Compass Housing with Degree Dial. This is often also referred to as the bezel.00Compass Housing with Degree Dial. This is often also referred to as the bezel.For a multimedia explanation go to the following link / scan QR code: to locate yourselfThere are three main ways to locate yourself.GPS (latitude and longitude can be used for approximate location on the map, but for a more precise location the local coordinate system of the map should be used e.g. for UK use British National Grid (BNG)).Features and resectionFeatures - Comparison of map and real features. By using features such as place names, car parks, buildings, streams, roads, tracks, churches and topography (contour lines), in many places you can usually get at least an approximate location.Resection - If you are unsure of your location after 2a, or would like to confirm/improve it then calculating bearings can be helpful. One bearing may be enough if you have a good idea of where you are already, but if not then by calculating three bearings (evenly spaced optimal) and noting where they overlap you can locate yourself.Point compass direction of travel arrow to a landmark in real life that you have found on the map.Rotate bezel so that orienting arrow and magnetic needle match.Position compass on map so that top left corner of compass is on the feature.Pivot entire compass around the feature (keep top left compass corner on feature and pivot entire compass on this point) until the compass orienting lines match up with map grid lines.Look at bearing angle from landmark on map, your location will be on this line.If necessary, in pencil, draw a line along the compass edge from the feature along the bearing line.If necessary, taking further bearings and noting where the lines cross on the map will provide your location. For a multimedia explanation of resection go to the following link / scan QR code: to navigateLocate yourself on the map (see previous section for guidance). This point will be referred to as point A.Find the location on the map that you would like to travel to. This point will be referred to as point B.On the map, line up point A and B with a long edge of the compass, with the direction of travel arrow pointed in the direction of where you would like to go.Optional: measure the distance between point A and B then calculate straight line distance e.g. for 1:25,000 scale map 1 cm = 250 m.Line up the compass orienting lines with the grid lines on the map by rotating the compass bezel, making sure that the north orienting arrow points north.Discard the map and rotate the whole compass so that the north magnetic needle lines up with the orienting arrow, then find a landmark in line with the direction of travel arrow and head towards it.Once at this location, repeat the steps above until you reach point B.For a multimedia explanation go to the following link / scan QR code: Task – Magnetic DeclinationThere are three types of north—grid north, true north and magnetic north. The compass needle will point to magnetic north, but the map north will be grid north. If the differences between the norths are not corrected for, then the bearings will probably be out by around 0-5 degrees. The difference between true and grid north is referred to as magnetic variation or declination. For OS maps view the section in the legend for declination information. The declination should then be added to the bearing you calculated earlier in step 4 to correct for it. An easy way to remember this is “grid to mag, add”. Alternatively, if the compass has a declination setting, the correct declination can be set with the key initially, instead of manually adjusting each bearing. For multimedia explanation go to the following link / scan QR code: ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download