Sentence Structures



|Sentence Structures |

| Type of Sentence |Number of Independent Clauses |Number of Subordinate Clauses |Connector |

| |(Main Clause) |(Dependent) | |

|1. Simple |(1) |0 |none |

| |subj. and verb | | |

|2. Compound |(2) |0 |,and ,or ,but ,nor ,so |

| |S/V and S/V | |,yet ,for ; |

|3. Complex |At least (1) |At least (1) |Signal word |

| |*Real sentence with a subject and a|*Has a subj./verb, but cannot stand| |

| |verb that can stand alone. |on its own. | |

| |(Makes sense) | | |

|Signal Words |

|*Words that start subordinate clauses *Used with Complex sentences |

|Relative Pronouns |Adverb Conjunction |Words that |

|Start Adjective |Start Adverb |Begin Noun |

|Subordinate Clauses |Subordinate Clauses |Subordinate Clauses |

|that |after |than |how |when |

|which |although |though |that |whatever |

|who |as |unless |what |whose |

|whom |because |until |where |whichever |

|what |before |whenever |which |whom |

|whose |if |where |who |whomever |

|whoever |since |whereas |whoever | |

|what |before |wherever |why | |

| |however |whereas |however | |

|Simple Sentences |

Examples:

Tim and Jim played ball and ran laps.

Jim ran more laps around the track.

|Compound Sentences |

Examples:

Mark went to the track to run laps, and Nick went to the movies.

Judy likes to go to the mall to shop, but Mandy likes to read at Barnes and Noble.

|Complex Sentences |

Examples:

The desert is a place where most animals are not able to live or work.

Camels are useful because they cross the desert easily.

Until the sun sets, camels maintain a 105-degree temperature.

S=Subject V=Verb/P=Predicate C=Complement

|Sentence Trees |

|*Simple Sentence Trees* |

Sentence Sentence Sentence Sentence Sentence

S V C

S P S S P S P P S S P P

S S V V C C

|*Compound Sentence Trees* |

Comp. Sent. Comp. Sent. Comp. Sent. Comp. Sent.

,and ; ,but ,or

S P S P S P S P S S P S P P S S P P S S P P

Comp. Sent. Comp. Sent. Comp. Sent.

,but ,and ;

S P P S S P S S P S P S S V V C C S S V V C C

|*Complex Sentence Trees* |

Compl. Sent. Compl. Sent. Compl. Sent. Compl. Sent.

S P S P S S P S S P P

(ind.) S P (sub.) S P (ind.) S P (ind.) S P

(sub.) (ind.) (sub.) (sub.)

|Definitions p. 501 - 509 |

|1. simple sentence |Has one complete subject and one complete predicate. |

|2. compound sentence |Is a sentence that contains two or more connected simple sentences. Each simple sentence in a compound sentence is |

| |called a main clause. |

|3. main clause |Has a subject and a predicate and can stand alone as a sentence. |

|4. subordinate clause |Is a group of words that has a subject and a predicate but does not express a complete thought and cannot stand |

| |alone as a sentence. A subordinate clause is always combined with a main clause in a sentence. |

|5. complex sentence |Is a sentence that has one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses. |

|6. adjective clause |Is a subordinate clause that modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun in the main clause of a complex sentence. |

|7. adverb clause |Is a subordinate clause that modifies, or describes, the verb in the main clause of a complex sentence. |

|8. noun clause |Is a subordinate clause used as a noun. |

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