Combinatory Categorial Grammar

Combinatory Categorial Grammar

Pavel Kalvoda April 22, 2014

Pavel Kalvoda

CCG

April 22, 2014 1 / 37

Overview

1 The formalism Categories Slash-typing Application & composition Combinatory principles

2 OpenCCG demo

3 Bounded constructions

4 Other miscellaneous phenomena Intonation Scrambling

5 Implementation & applications

Pavel Kalvoda

CCG

April 22, 2014 2 / 37

A note on terminology

Combinatory means combinational, related to combination, being able to combine or be combined, as in `combinatory logic'.

Pavel Kalvoda

CCG

April 22, 2014 3 / 37

Categories & (Pure) Categorial Grammar

Phrase-structure grammar Rules

(1) S NP VP (2) NP A N | N (3) VP V NP

Terminals

(a) A living (b) N people | food (c) V need

Categorial Grammar Application rules

(>) X/Y Y X (

S \NP

S

> <

Pavel Kalvoda

CCG

April 22, 2014 6 / 37

Categories & (Pure) Categorial Grammar

Categories describe syntactical & grammatical properties of constituents They are referred to as `syntactic types' There are two kinds of types

Functional types ? A, V Atomic types ? N, NP The choice is arbitrary, but "verbs are functions" is a well established concept

Phrase-structure

Categorial

Rules

Explicit

Generic

Derivation

Terminals & nonterminals Categories only

Expression?type association

Part of grammar

In corpus

Table : Phrase-structure grammars vs Categorial grammars

Pavel Kalvoda

CCG

April 22, 2014 7 / 37

Another example: Transitive and intransitive verbs

Transitive verbs

(S\NP)/NP

John NP

likes (S \NP )/NP

S \NP S

potatoes NP

> <

Intransitive verbs

S\NP

John NP

sleeps S \NP S

Pavel Kalvoda

<

CCG

April 22, 2014 8 / 37

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