University of California, Berkeley



Center for Information Technology Research

in the Interest of Society

“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”

( Margaret Mead

Contents

CITRIS Mission………………………………………………………. 3

2001/02 Highlights…………………………………………………… 5

Technologies for Societal Scale Information Systems…………… 8

Delivering Service to Society……………………………………… 12

Outreach and Education……………………………………………… 16

Funding Successes ……………………………………………………19

Construction Planning and Space…………………………………. 20

Network of Centers…………………………………………………… 21

New Faculty…………………………………………………………… 23

CITRIS In the News ( Press Clippings…………………………… 24

CITRIS Mission

The Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society was established to sponsor and house collaborative information technology research to provide solutions to grand-challenge social and commercial problems affecting the quality of life of individuals and organizations.

CITRIS is designing Societal Scale Information Systems (SISs) to collect, understand and help people with the vast quantities of information needed to address these problems. SISs will integrate vast numbers of tiny wireless sensors, hand-help information devices and large computing clusters into systems that are easy for all citizens to use to save energy, use transportation more efficiently, ensure safety in emergencies, care for the health of their families, care for and better use the environment and enhance their educations.

The initial set of CITRIS applications include the following:

• Energy Efficiency. A network of tiny, inexpensive sensors are making buildings vastly more energy efficient, and will save as much as $55 billion in energy costs nationally and 35 million tons of carbon emissions annually.

• Transportation: Linking sensors in California’s roadways to computers to analyze traffic flow could point commuters to efficient routes and help Caltrans and planners make solid transit decisions. Optimizing traffic could save Californians up to $15 billion a year in wages, $600 million in trucking costs and 37 million gallons of fuel.

• Seismic Safety: A major earthquake in the Bay area could cost 10,000 lives, $200 billion in damages and untold lost productivity. Real-time information on the conditions of buildings, bridges and lifeline networks is key to reducing risk. A vast system to deliver reliable, personalized information in minutes to emergency teams would save lives.

• Education: High-tech classrooms for distance learning can serve more students in California’s growing universities, schools and businesses. CITRIS technology will deliver the undergraduate program in information technology to UC Merced in the heart of California, a critical addition to state growth in education and industry.

• Health Care: As many as 60,000 fatal heart attacks (20% of cardiac deaths(could be prevented each year if at-risk people wore sensors now being developed to detect trouble and alert medics. Other medical monitoring devices would follow, including help for military personnel and others in remote areas.

• Environment: From Monterey Bay to urban Southern California, CITRIS projects will help guard California’s waters, air and environment. New information technologies may also be adapted later for more productive agriculture.

Highlights 2001/2002

February and March, 2001

Stories about CITRIS begin appearing in the press. (See attached Press Clippings)

May 22, 2001

CITRIS researchers unveil “smart” sensor technologies that can cut the state’s electricity bill by up to $7 billion a year. UC Berkeley invited members of the press to see researchers demonstrate solar and battery-powered "smart dust motes" that had been installed in portions of Cory Hall.

July 27, 2001

CITRIS receives initial funds of $20 million in 2001-2002 state budget. In addition, Corporate and private donors have pledged more than $170 million for CITRIS. As of February 2002 over $60 million has been awarded in federal research grants.

August 2001

UC Berkeley’s College of Engineering launches a monthly online research digest Lab Notes (coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/index.html) that highlights CITRIS research.

September 11, 2001

CITRIS researchers immediately create a Web site to help the public find out about the safety of loved ones affected by the terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, D.C. The site was powered by "Millennium" - a cluster of 1,000 processors that are networked together. The computers, donated by private industry, handled up to 100 Web queries per second. Stories about Millennium site appeared in the local and national newspapers and TV stations, including ABC News.

September 25, 2001

CITRIS receives a five-year, $7.5 million grant as part of the Information Technology Research (ITR) initiative of the National Science Foundation. The UC Berkeley-led initiative was one of the largest ITR awards granted nationwide. The grant will support work in energy efficiency and disaster preparedness, as well as underlying computer science.

October 1, 2001

CITRIS announces a joint venture between UC Berkeley and UC Merced to make the content of UC Berkeley lower-division computer science courses available online for the first time.

October 4, 2001

UC Berkeley announces Ruzena Bajcsy as new director of CITRIS. A member of the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine and professor of robotics at the University of Pennsylvania, she was most recently Associate Director of Computer Information Science and Engineering (CISE) at the National Science Foundation.

November 11, 2001

Intel Corp. opened the Intel Research Laboratory at UC Berkeley. The new lab will focus on the development of the company's future vision of computing, dubbed "proactive computing." One example of this concept is called the "Ad Hoc Network" project. The project involves the concept of end users carrying a tiny computer system, dubbed a "mote." Each '"mote" is linked to a network, which collects and gathers information to a main system. The "Ad Hoc Network" technology could lead to several applications, such as digital firefighters. It could also lead to the development of far-out medical products like digital socks or bandages. The Intel Laboratory will be available to all CITRIS researchers.

December 21, 2001

Media attend an earthquake shake test of a 3-story apartment building. Fifty remote sensors developed by CITRIS researchers were positioned at key structural points along the building while it was subjected to a recreated Northridge earthquake at the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center at the Richmond Field Station. The sensors provided key information about the building’s structural integrity after a major earthquake. Reporters from Business 2.0, Tech TV, and other local stations covered the sensor technology.

December 2001

In collaboration with Japanese colleagues, CITRIS researchers instrumented a section of Tokachi Port in Hokkaido, Japan with underground and surface wireless acceleration sensors to measure its response to a simulated earthquake caused by underground explosions.

January 2002

Launch of weekly CITRIS seminar series for students and faculty to educate each other about the broad agenda of CITRIS.

January 28,2002

Former President Clinton spoke to a full-house on January 28 in Berkeley’s Zellerbach Hall. He praised the university’s efforts regarding CITRIS

|. [pic] |

| |

“I admire this school very much for the remarkable contributions you have made to America and to California…particularly the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society here…”, said Clinton.

Governor Gray Davis, on hand for the afternoon speech, also commended Berkeley’s pioneering research and its role in two of the four new UC-based centers for science and innovation — CITRIS, based at Berkeley, and QB3, a center for bioengineering.

These initiatives, he said, are emblematic of California’s continuing success at staying at the forefront of the Internet and biotechnology revolution.

February 5, 2002

CITRIS Researchers ship 1000 “Smart Dust Motes” for sensor net research to over a dozen academic and industrial research groups around the country, and have a workshop to train these groups in their programming and use. CITRIS technology forms the basis of research in sensor nets nationwide.

February 15, 2002

The Berkeley Institute of Design (BID) has its inaugural meeting. BID brings together faculty from Engineering, Business, the School for Information Management and Systems, the Center for Design Visualization, Environmental Design and Art Practice to study common principles of designing products that best suit peoples’ needs, from software to physical artifacts to physical spaces. BID will be organized as a new degree granting interdepartmental group.

Technologies for Societal Scale Information Systems

At the core of the Societal Scale Information Systems that CITRIS is building are vast numbers of tiny sensors networked together wirelessly that can sense the world around them, and communicate this information. Core activities include

1. Making these sensors so small and cheap that they can be deployed in vast numbers anywhere

2. Creating the software that lets these sensors communicate with one another in an adverse environment and perform useful tasks, such as measuring acceleration in structures during earthquakes, power, light, temperature, chemicals and biological agents in a Smart Building, medical conditions of patients, locations of vehicles in a transportation network, and pollution constituents in the environment

3. Transferring this technology to other research groups in academia and industry.

1. Smart Dust: Sensors and Communicators get Smaller and Smaller

CITRIS-developed “Smart Dust”, also known as “Motes”( tiny, inexpensive electronic sensors that are outfitted with wireless radio transceivers and their own “TinyOS” operating system ( are growing even smaller. The pictures below show a sequence of sensors through 3 generations of miniaturization. Initially powered by outboard batteries, Smart Dust will be able to extract enough energy to operate directly from its environment (vibrations, temperature changes, and ambient light).

[pic]

February 2000 February 2001 February 2002

2. Creating networks of wireless sensors

On a Small-Scale

On March 2001, at the 29 Palms Marine Base in the Mojave Desert, 10 Motes wrapped in styrofoam were dropped from an airplane, landed, formed a wireless network with one another, used magnetic sensors to detect and locate passing vehicles, and radioed that information back to a passing airplane.

On a Larger Scale

800 motes were handed out to the audience attending the Intel Developers Forum in San Francisco on Feb. 28.This is Intel’s premier conference held annually to showcase new technology for their application development community. As the Motes were handed around by the audience, they

[pic]

communicated with one another and the speaker on the podium. The above image shows the topology of a self-organized network of 100 of these nodes in the Moscone Center. The design of the hardware, the operating system and the network algorithms represent a collaboration between UC Berkeley, Intel Research @ Berkeley and Intel Labs in Oregon.

3. Sharing this technology with the leading research groups in the country

CITRIS has been selected by DARPA ITO (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Information Technology Office) as the primary provider of sensor network technology to all its research groups in sensor nets and “ubiquitous computing”. The DARPA NEST (Network Embedded Software Technology) Program funds CITRIS researchers to design Motes, to produce the software that runs on them, to have them manufactured for other research groups, and to educate other groups in their use. In other words, the leading research groups in the country use CITRIS technology for their research in this area.

On Feb 5, CITRIS delivered 1000 Motes to research projects across the country at the following institutions and held an 8-hour programming tutorial:

|Academic Institutions |Companies |

|UCB |Intel |

|UCSD |Crossbow |

|UCLA |Bosch |

|USC |Accenture |

|MIT |Mitre |

|Rutgers |Xerox PARC |

|Dartmouth |Kestrel |

|University Illinois- Urbana | |

|Champaign |Government |

|NCSA |NCSC |

|University of Virginia |Wright Patterson AFB |

|University of Washington | |

|Ohio State | |

Commercial Spin Offs

Crossbow has announced a commercial product based on our Motes. A prototype of this product was used in the seismic experiments described in the next section. The Crossbow CN4000 Series Wireless Seismic Recorder and Sensor encompass a turn-key system for seismic data acquisition on structures. It features data collection capability for both local and global response analysis of large structures. Example applications include data collection on bridges, dams, and buildings. The system consists of wireless accelerometers, as well as other sensors and accessories. The system is easy to set up and configure and the proprietary RF technology supports a several square mile coverage range thru a multi-hop radio technology.

4. Software for Societal Scale Information Systems: Millennium Clusters

Collecting vast amounts of data from sensor networks is not enough: we need to collect, process and understand it. One technology to support this need is “cluster computing,” where many smaller conventional computers cooperate to solve a much larger problem. Millennium is a UCB-campus-wide cluster of computing clusters that provides deep computing and storage resources for CITRIS, and is a prototype for the large decentralized computing facility that many SISs will use.

As an illustration of its use in disaster recovery, CITRIS developed a website in the evening of September 11 to help people locate loved ones. It received millions of hits shortly after deployment, and was widely mentioned in the press.

Millennium system software is very widely used for cluster computing outside CITRIS, and is redistributed by NPACI at UCSD. Millennium processor hardware was donated by CITRIS Founding Corporate Member (FCM) Intel, with FCMs IBM, Microsoft, Nortel and Sun making substantial contributions. The cluster is expected to be upgraded in the near future.

Delivering Service to Society

Using Motes to Make Buildings Seismically Safer

In collaboration with CalTech, CITRIS researchers simulated the Northridge earthquake by placing a three-story apartment building on a large “shaking table” at the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center at Richmond Field Station and shaking it using recorded data from the Northridge quake. A number of such buildings collapsed or nearly collapsed during the actual quake. The purpose of this test was to measure the actual force in these buildings and study ways of reinforcing them.

[pic]

A steel frame used to retrofit the building helped minimize twisting motions, while finish materials — including the stucco exterior and gypsum board — helped minimize the building's lateral movements during the quake.

Using Motes to Study How Earthquakes Cause Soil to Fail

In collaboration with Japanese colleagues, CITRIS researchers instrumented a section of Tokachi Port in Hokkaido, Japan with underground and surface wireless acceleration sensors to measure its response to a simulated earthquake caused by underground explosions.

When soil in this harbor and similar landfill areas is shaken hard enough, it liquefies, causing structures to fail and mud geysers to erupt, as in the San Francisco Marina District in the Loma Prieta Earthquake. Motes accurately reproduced the data collected by vastly more expensive older sensor technology as the explosions and liquefaction occurred. Motes put widespread seismic safety monitoring within economic and technological reach (see the Technology Transfer section for how these are being commercialized).

Old expensive technology New CITRIS wireless sensor

Post-explosion liquefaction.

Tackling California's Energy Crisis - I

Widespread sensing will help Californians conserve energy needs and use available energy more efficiently in a number of ways. Most of these ways have the common need of detailed real time measurements of energy usage by the people and equipment inside buildings. Such information will let us do everything from minimizing the energy needed to make building occupants comfortably cool or hot depending on weather and activities in the building, to identifying malfunctioning heating and cooling equipment for repair, to reducing load safely and fairly in times of high price or emergencies.

To experiment with this technology CITRIS deployed 50 wireless power, temperature and light sensors on one floor of UC Berkeley's Cory Hall, which communicated the data onto a website for other researchers to analyze in real-time or off-line. The network was used to control a large chilling unit on the roof of Cory Hall. A press conference on this technology was held on May 22, 2001. This network has now been moved to the Intel Berkeley Lab and is available for all CITRIS researchers to continue experimentation, and live within the sensored environment they create.

Below is an illustration of a dense wireless network of sensor and actuator Motes, which allow conditioning in small, localized zones to be individually controlled by building occupants and environmental conditions.

This is a joint project among the Berkeley Wireless Research Center, Berkely Sensor and Actuator Center, Center for the Built Environments, Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, Intel Lab and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Tackling California's Energy Crisis - II

The 1973 energy crisis led to a major shift in heating, ventilation and cooling (HVAC) systems in commercial buildings, with Variable Air Volume (VAV) systems nearly displacing the prior system, which was 30% less energy efficient. In the 2001 energy crisis several new efficient HVAC systems have become popular, notably Underfloor Air Distribution (UFAD), show below, left. Here cool air is pumped in under the floor where it heats up, rises, and is extracted at the

ceiling. By using temperature sensors at different heights, our simulations show that UFAD can be as much 46% more energy efficient than conventional air distribution, which has to keep all the air in the room at the same temperature. CITRIS is planning to instrument and study existing UFAD buildings to develop and assess control strategies for these systems. We have had a sequence of meetings with members of the California Energy Commission to discuss these technologies

Underfloor Air Distribution (UFAD) Conventional Air Distribution

CITRIS Outreach and Education Highlights

020202; The Art of Engineering, the Engineering of Art

|[pic]Courtesy of the artist |

|EECS Professor Carlo H. Séquin studies the intricate |

|mathematics of abstract sculpture and then uses his own |

|software to design new works. The sculptures are then |

|brought from the screen into the real world with |

|state-of-the-art rapid prototyping technology, essentially|

|a 3D printer that uses plastic as its ink. |

On February 2, 2002 (020202) avant-garde artists, innovative engineers and forward-thinking administrators from UC Berkeley, CITRIS, the Pacific Film Archive and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art met for a daylong event designed to ignite communication and cross-disciplinary collaboration among the campus' most creative minds. Plans were made to keep the dialogue alive through future meetings and informal collaborations with the hope of a public event before the sequel 030303 in March of next year.

"It is very clear that Berkeley and CITRIS are now an international focal point for ideas that cross disciplinary boundaries," +says professor Ken Goldberg, who holds a joint faculty position in the departments of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research and Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences (EECS).

Fellowships to Social Science graduate students

CITRIS is currently soliciting proposals from social science graduate students at all the participating CITRIS campuses in order to encourage interdisciplinary collaborations between engineers and social scientists that are critical to the success of the CITRIS mission. The first fellowship will be awarded in the summer of 2002.

Networking Day, March 1, 2002

CITRIS invited representatives from Northern California research and educational institutions, such as UC Santa Cruz, Stanford University, NASA research center and national laboratories, to discuss the needs for the community at large for broadband networking. This was in conjunction with a similar effort in Southern California let by CAL IT2 for the same purpose of surveying the needs for broadband networking there.

CITRIS Social Issues Workshop, March 1, 2002

This workshop addressed some critical issues related to IT research in the interests of society. The goals of the workshop were to incubate focused collaborations between CITRIS researchers and social scientists on these topics.

There were approximately 50 attendees comprising 25 Berkeley faculty, 20 students and several industry representatives and representatives of private policy/research groups. The faculty represented Engineering, Law, the School for Information Management and Systems (SIMS), Architecture, Psychology, the Center for Higher Education, Art Practice and Film Studies. The four panel topics were: (i) CITRIS and privacy (ii) Values-based design (iii) Beyond the digital divide toward digital opportunity (iv) Technology support for the social sciences. A number of working groups were proposed and will begin detailed research on these topics.

California Energy Commission Workshop, January 17, 2002

CITRIS Researchers held a workshop with members of the California Energy Commission and the Environmental Energy Group of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to educate them about CITRIS technologies related to energy and to determine the most fruitful research and collaboration directions. A sequence of subsequent meetings and workshop to work out details are underway.

Deploying CITRIS technology in Education

The CITRIS-supported WISE or Web-Based

Inquiry Science Environment is a free and widely used science learning environment for students in grades 4-12. It is the basis of an effort to make UCB’s lower division computer science curriculum available to students at UC Merced. The system will be tested at UCB in summer 2002 and used at distributed learning centers in the Central Valley for students intending to enroll in UC Merced in Spring 2003.

Digital Cyber Security – February 18, 2002

A new weekly CITRIS seminar series on Cyber Security hosted Richard Clarke, President Bush’s special advisor on cyberspace security, to speak to faculty and students about cyber security.

Smart Classrooms – Fall Semester 2001

UC Berkeley is fortunate to have state-of-the-art

laboratories in sensor technology, mechanical rapid

prototyping and tele-robotics. Through broadband

networking, students in remote locations can

access these capabilities, learning how to use

these facilities in design and manufacturing.

In Fall Semester 2001 a course (Mechanical

Engineering 221) was taught to students at UCB

and remotely to researchers at NEC, Sony and

Intel. Students designed products and had them remotely manufactured at UCB’s advanced manufacturing facilities. The figure is an example of student-designed Intel product casing created as a class project.

Highlighting CITRIS Research Online

Highlights of CITRIS research is made available to faculty, students, media, government officials, industry partners and others each month in UC Berkeley’s College of Engineering online research digest Lab Notes (coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/index.html. Lab notes receives about 3,000 hits per month

Funding Successes

Federal Grants

CITRIS has been awarded a total of $60 million in federal grants as of February 2002. Two core grants are described below.

National Science Foundation Grant to support core CITRIS research

CITRIS received a five-year $7.5 million grant as part of NSF’s Information Technology Research Initiative, one of the largest grants it awarded. “I am delighted that the state's investment in CITRIS is already beginning to bring in additional federal research dollars," Governor Gray Davis said. "CITRIS and the other CISI institutes will keep California at the cutting-edge of advanced technologies - fostering economic growth and creating high-tech, high-wage jobs. CITRIS will also ensure that these new technologies serve the public interest by cutting our energy bill, protecting the environment, expanding access to educational opportunity through distance learning, and saving lives and property in disasters."

DARPA Networked Embedded Systems (NEST) Grant to support sensor network research

CITRIS researchers received $2.44 million from DARPA’s NEST program to support the development sensor nets. This grant identifies CITRIS researchers as the lead providers of this technology to support other research groups across the country.

CITRIS Founding Corporate Members

Broadvision

Ericsson

Hewlett Packard Corporation

IBM

Infineon

Intel

Marvell

Microsoft

Nortel Networks

ST Microelectronics

Sun Microsystems

Construction Planning and Space

• CITRIS researchers are working with Intel researchers at the Intel Lab in Power Bar Building near UC Berkeley. The Intel Research laboratory at Berkeley performs leading-edge computer science on problems of scale, cutting across traditional areas of architecture, operating systems, networks, and languages to enable a wide range of explorations in ubiquitous computing, both embedded in the environment or carried easily on moving objects and people. This Laboratory is available to all CITRIS researchers and industrial partners.

[pic]

Inside the Intel Lab near UC Berkeley

• Hearst Memorial Mining Building to be reopened in summer 2002 after extensive seismic retrofitting. The building will house CITRIS headquarters and a large conference facility with state-of-the art audio-visual remote conferencing capabilities.

• Cory Hall renovation by summer 2003. Cory Hall will have new space for CITRIS investigators and in addition will house the CITRIS fellows who will explore interdisciplinary research.

• CommerceNet incubator close to campus. This Next Generation Internet incubator is to house CITRIS researchers and companies working on industrial applications.

• Planning for the main CITRIS building is on-going, with regular meetings between faculty and architects.

Network of Centers

CITRIS is affiliated with a network of centers and research activities.

These other centers in turn have close relationships with dozens and dozens of other companies in a wide range of industries. This organization guarantees that technology developed in CITRIS will be made available to as wide a range of companies as possible.

• Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center (BSAC) with 14 faculty and 100 students. Designs sensors and actuators.

• Micro-fabrication Laboratory where 71 faculty and 254 students. Fabricates chips, including sensors and actuators.

• Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC) with 16 faculty and 114 students. Designs low-power wireless devices.

• International Computer Science Institute (ICSI) with 5 faculty and 18 students. Networking, speech, human-centered computing.

• Millennium project with 15 faculty. Hundreds of processors in campus-wide parallel computing facility.

• Gigascale Silicon Research Center (GSRC) with 23 faculty and 60 students. Designs tools for sub-micron silicon technology.

• Berkeley Information Technology and Systems (BITS) with 20 faculty and 60 students. A new networking research center.

• Berkeley Institute of Design (BID) with 10 faculty. A new center to study design of software products, living spaces.

• Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing (CIPIC) with 8 faculty and 50 students. Large-scale data visualization.

• Center for Environment and Water Resources Engineering (CEWRE) with 9 faculty and 45 students. Environmental and water management research.

• Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways (PATH) with 20 faculty, 70 students in partnership with Caltrans and other universities. Studying technology to improve transportation in California.

• Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) with 25 faculty, 15 students working with 9 universities. Identifying and reducing earthquake risks.

• Berkeley Seismological Laboratory with 15 faculty and 14 students. Runs a regional seismological monitoring system, studies and provides earthquake data to governments.

• National Center of Excellence in Aviation Operations Research (NEXTOR) with 6 faculty and 12 students. Studies complex airport and air traffic systems.

• Center for the Built Environment (CBE) with 19 faculty/staff. New building technologies and design techniques.

• At the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL): the National Energy Research Supercomputing Center (NERSC) , a supercomputer center and the Environmental Energy Technologies (EET) for better energy-saving technologies and reduction of environmental impact.

•

New Faculty

A number of new CITRIS-related faculty have been hired since January 2001.

• CITRIS Director Ruzena Bajcsy, UCB EECS, computer vision and robotics

• Jennifer Mankoff , UCB EECS, human-computer interfaces.

• Anant Sahai, UCB EECS, communication theory.

• Ali Niknejad , UCB EECS, communication systems.

• Raja Sengupta, UCB CEE: wireless networks.

• Sara McMains, UCB ME, computer-aided manufacturing

CITRIS in the News

Press Clippings 2001/2002

January 2002

The Economist, January 31, 2001

“Desirable Dust”

…This is not science fiction. Researchers at the University of

California at Berkeley led by Kris Pister, a professor of electrical

engineering, are already working on a smart-dust prototype the size of

a small nailhead. A klunkier version can already be bought from a

Silicon Valley start-up, Crossbow Technology.

Contra Costa Times, January 18, 2002

Business section; Pg. D01

“UC Berkeley Wields Financial Clout University Called Major Force in Bay Economy, With Spending and Employment Worth $1.4 Billion a Year

…One of the big recipients could be the Berkeley-based Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society, or CITRIS.

"This center conducts research on California's state-of-the-art and future-looking technology needs," Mitchell said. "The support we get for CITRIS recognizes how important innovation will be to California's competitive future

The San Francisco Chronicle, January 18, 2002

“UC likes Berkeley science project”

Other buildings will house information technology research called CITRIS, for the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society, originally proposed by Gov. Gray Davis as one of four centers for scientific innovation among UC campuses.

"What we are doing in relation to biogenetics and the Center for Information Technology is extremely important for the university and for society as a whole," said Regent Jeff Seymour.

New York Times, January 10,2002

“A World of Wee Devices seeks some Batteries to Match”

Dr. Kris Pister, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, is among the scientists who aim to give microbatteries a trial run with a wireless network based on MEMS technology. Dr. Pister is the inventor of smart dust, or networked airborne motes of silicon that are designed to sense, measure and transmit data like temperature, humidity and light intensity.

"Everything is getting smaller in MEMS but the batteries," he said. "The batteries remain the single heaviest and most expensive part."

December, 2001

Intelligent Enterprise, December 5, 2001

“Academic IT Research Hints at Emerging Technologies with Commercial Potential( Funding the Future”

Another funded project with commercial IT potential is the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (CITRIS), a University of California, Berkeley (UCB)-led research consortium of four UC campuses. CITRIS received more than S7 million from the NSF to continue its efforts in developing wireless sensor networks for buildings to monitor energy consumption and structural integrity for earthquake preparedness. Like many ITR projects, CITRIS also has industry backers such as Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, and Sun Microsystems.

October 2001

University Wire,October 26, 2001

“Grant pushes UC-Davis research toward the future”

Davis, Calif. — A futuristic world where microscopic sensors can monitor everything from energy use to natural phenomena to emergency situations is a little closer to becoming reality in light of a $ 7.5 million grant awarded last week to the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interests of Society (CITRIS).

CITRIS is a partnership between four University of California campuses -- Berkeley, Santa Cruz, Merced and Davis -- as well as the state government, California private industry and the United States federal government.

Modesto Bee,October 30, 2001

“Jumpstart UC Merced at the Center of Computer-Science Classes”

As early as next fall, the University of California at Merced will offer hard-to-find computer-science classes for community college students in the Central Valley. The project to share curriculum is one element of the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society. CITRIS is a collaboration among the UC campuses at Berkeley, Davis, Santa Cruz and Merced to use information technology to tackle society's needs, in such fields as transportation, health care and education.

September 2001

Californian via U-Wire,September 12,2001 “UC-Berkeley students create Web Site to find loved ones”

Berkeley, Calif. — Following the aftermath of Tuesday's tragic events in New York and Washington, UC Berkeley computer science students moved quickly to start a Web site where people can search for friends and relatives who are known to be safe.

Other millenium web site coverage

Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN)September 13, 2001,

The New York Post,September 14, 2001, Friday

The Times Union (Albany, NY),September 16, 2001

National Journal's Technology Daily, September 17, 2001

The San Francisco Chronicle, September 20, 2001

Computers Today,September 14, 2001

Tech Trends; Pg.101

“Moving beyond Gigahertz”

Look back. We started in the 1940s with an agenda of crunching numbers. In the next decade, we started crunching text. But you were still disconnected from the computer. Put your punchcards in and you'd get your output. In the 1960s, however, the research community made a deliberate surge towards a new mode of computation called interactive computing. University of California, Berkeley, has actually started a new Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (CITRIS). It is about applying information technology to solve some of the toughest quality-of-life problems that everybody faces today. We depicted some projects they already did.

AScribe Newswire, September 20, 2001

“UCSD's San Diego Supercomputer Center to Host CommerceNet Next-Generation Internet Application Center”

SAN DIEGO— CommerceNet, a global, not-for-profit organization leading the advancement of e-commerce worldwide, has chosen the San Diego Supercomputer Center [SDSC] at the University of California, San Diego [UCSD], as one of two institutions to host its Next-Generation Internet [NGI] Application Centers. The University of California, Berkeley will host the Northern California NGI Center, in collaboration with the Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society [CITRIS] and the Fisher Center for Information Technology and Marketplace Transformation [CITM] in the Haas School of Business.

The Times Higher Education Supplement (London) September 21, 2001

“Terror in America”

A computer science student at the University of California, Berkeley has created what is recognised as the most comprehensive contact website for people caught up in the attack.

Miriam Walker conceived the idea within hours of the atrocity and, by 5pm on the day of the attack, had begun collecting names. The site is hosted on the Millennium Cluster, a research project at the university.

May 2001

United Press International,May 26, 2001

“An electronic monitoring device the size of a matchbox holds the

power to prevent blackouts and save energy-starved California $5 billion to $7 billion a year, scientists say.

BERKELEY, Calif.,— University of California, Berkeley, researchers showed off their "smart dust" sensors in a building outfitted with more than 50 of the high-tech marvels that keep constant vigil on light and temperature conditions.

February, 2001

Contra Costa Times, February 21, 2001

“BERKELEY, Calif. — A new space race of sorts is underway at University of California-Berkeley. It's a singular mission for both academic and corporate scientists, who will gather together using new technology for the common good. Only now, they'll tackle problems from energy shortages and traffic congestion to the unpredictability of heart attacks.

March 2001

Calgary Herald, March 3, 2001

“Here comes smart dust New institute hopes to use developing technology only for the common good of society”

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Underfloor Air Distribution

Conventional Overhead System

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