Assessment of the Multiannual Impact of the Grape Training ...

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Assessment of the Multiannual Impact of the Grape Training System on GHG Emissions in North Tajikistan

Naim Rashidov 1, Maciej Chowaniak 2,*, Marcin Niemiec 3, Gulov Saidali Mamurovich 4, Masaidov Jamshed Gufronovich 1, Zofia Gr?dek-Szostak 5, Anna Szelg-Sikora 6, Jakub Sikora 6, Maciej Kubo 7 and Monika Komorowska 8

Citation: Rashidov, N.; Chowaniak, M.; Niemiec, M.; Mamurovich, G.S.; Gufronovich, M.J.; Gr?dek-Szostak, Z.; Szelg-Sikora, A.; Sikora, J.; Kubo, M.; Komorowska, M. Assessment of the Multiannual Impact of the Grape Training System on GHG Emissions in North Tajikistan. Energies 2021, 14, 6160.

Academic Editor: Francisco Manzano Agugliaro

Received: 17 August 2021 Accepted: 23 September 2021 Published: 27 September 2021

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Copyright: ? 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ().

1 Department of Food Products and Agrotechnology, Polytechnical Institute of Tajik Technical University by Academician M.S. Osimi in Khujand, Lenin St. 226, Khujand 735700, Tajikistan; naimrashidov-tj@mail.ru (N.R.); gmasaidov@mail.ru (M.J.G.)

2 Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Eco-nomics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland

3 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; marcin1niemiec@

4 Department of Horticulture and Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tajik Agrarian University Named after Shirinsho Shotemur, Rudaki Avenue 146, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan; sgulov@

5 Department of Economics and Enterprise Organization, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Krakow, Poland; grodekz@uek.krakow.pl

6 Department of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; anna.szelag-sikora@urk.edu.pl (A.S.-S.); jakub.sikora@urk.edu.pl (J.S.)

7 Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; maciej.kubon@urk.edu.pl

8 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland; monika.komorowska@urk.edu.pl

* Correspondence: maciek.chowaniak@; Tel.: +48-888-119-283

Abstract: The overarching goal of agricultural sciences is to optimize production technology to rationalize the use of production resources, energy, and space. Due to its high fertilization and water requirements, the vine is a plant with a high potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The modifying factor in the production technology is plantation management. To reach the assumed goal, a field experiment was conducted in the years 2001?2020, and the following training systems were used: multi-arm fan system (A) trunk height ................
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