MCAS Grade 10 Mathematics Supplemental Reference Sheet …



Approved Supplemental Mathematics Reference Sheet—Grade 10ONLY for use by students on the MCAS Mathematics test who have this accommodation listed in their IEP or 504 planGeneral Problem-Solving ProcessPropertiesRead/reread the problem for understanding.Identify what the question is asking.Make a plan to solve the problem. (Choose at least one strategy.)Draw a picture.Create a table, chart, or list.Look for a pattern.Work backwards.Write a number sentence or an equation. Solve the problem.Reread the problem to see if your solution makes sense.a?b+c=a·b+a·ca+b+c=a+b+ca?b?c=a?b?ca+b=b+aa?b=b? a a--b=a+b a+-b=a-bFOIL (a+b)(c+d)= ac + ad +bc +bd FractionsVocabularyab+cd=ad+bcbdab-cd=ad-bcbdab·cd=acbdab÷cd=adbcfactor·factor=productdividend÷divisor=quotientnumeratordenominatorDivisibility RulesOrder of Operations2If the last digit is even3If the sum of the digits can be divided by 35If the last digit is 0 or 56If the number is divisible by both 2 and 39If the sum of the digits can be divided by 910If the last digit is 0PEMDASParentheses (brackets, etc.)ExponentsMultiplication or Division (left to right)Addition or Subtraction (left to right)GEMAGrouping Exponents Multiplicative operations (multiplication or division – left to right)Additive operations (addition or subtraction – left to right)ProbabilityPercentages and ProportionsProbability=favorable outcomespossible outcomesisof=%100x%=x100if ab=cd , then ad=bcStatisticsTransformationsMean - AverageMedian - MiddleMode – Most oftenRange – Least to GreatestTranslation - SlideReflection - FlipRotation - TurnGeometry and Measurement Abbreviations Symbolsl=lengthw=widthh=heights=length of a sideb=length of the baser=radiusd=diameterA=areaB=area of the baseP=perimeterC=circumferenceM=midpoint< is less than> is greater than= is equal to| x | = absolute value of x≤ is less than or equal to≥ is greater than or equal to≠ is not equal to≈ is approximately equal to? is congruent to～ is similar to∥ is parallel to⊥ is perpendicular toNumber Line444505651500Angles Complementary 90Supplementary 180General FormulasCoordinate Planeπ≈3.14a2+b2=c2d=rt distance=rate ? timeI=prt Interest=principal ? rate ? timex=-b±b2-4ac2aAx+By=C Slope or Rate of Change (m)=y2-y1x2-x1 = RiseRuny=mx+by-y1=mx-x1Midpoint (M) = x1+x22, y1+y22 Distance (d)=x1-x22+y1-y22 ................
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