MatPlotLib - UMass
[Pages:20]MatPlotLib
Computational Physics Matplotlib
Outline
Using Matplotlib and PyPlot
Matplotlib and PyPlot Interactive Plotting Plot method Labels Multiple Figures and Curves
First Steps with Programming
Goals Structure Comments and Documentation
Matplotlib and PyPlot
Matplotlib is a library for 2D plotting.
Can be used in scripts or interactively
Uses NumPy arrays
PyPlot is a collection of methods within Matplotlib which allow user to construct 2D plots easily and interactively
PyPlot essentially reproduces plotting functions and behavior of MATLAB.
To use matplotlib with ipython on our computers:
ipython --matplotlib qt
Importing PyPlot
We import PyPlot as we do other packages:
import matplotlib.pyplot as pl
Remember that pl above is just a shorthand for matplotlib.pyplot. This way, we can invoke PyPlot's methods easily:
pl.plot(X,Y)
In the following slides I will show PyPlot methods with the pl shorthand....
Make your First PLot
imimppoorrttnnuummppyyaassnnpp imimppoorrttmmaattpplolottlilbib.p.pyypplolottaassppll ##mmaakkeeaannuummppyyaarrrraayy XX==nnpp.l.ilninssppaaccee(0(0.,.1,100.,.1,111)) YY==XX**XX ##YYaarrrraayyisisXXssqquuaarreedd ppl.li.oionn()() ##ttuurrnnssoonninintteerraaccttiviveepplolottttiningg ppl.lp.plolott(X(X,Y,Y,',b'boo:':)')##pplolottsslalarrggeebblulueeddoottss
##ccoonnnneecctteeddbbyyddootttteeddlilnineess ppl.lx.xlalabbeel(l'(X'X')') ppl.ly.ylalabbeel(l'(Y'Y')') ppl.lt.tititlele('(M'MyyFFirirssttPPlolott')') ppl.la.axxisis([(-[-11,1,111,-,-11,1,10011])]) ##sseettsstthheeddimimeennssioionnss ppl.lg.grridid()() ##ddrraawwssddootttteeddlilnineessoonnmmaajjoorr""tticickkss""
Interactive Mode Plotting
Interactive mode updates a plot each time a new command is issued.
Turn on interactive mode with method:
pl.ion()
Turn off interactive mode with method:
pl.ioff()
When interactive mode is not on, you enter all pyplot commands and then use the method pl.show() to see the figure.
NB: pl.show() waits for you to close the plot figure window before you can proceed.
The PyPlot Plot Method
pl.plot(X,Y,'CLM')
X is X array for plot
Y is Y array for plot
X and Y must have same number of points
String 'clm' tells how to make the plot:
C indicates the color L indicates the line style:
ccmmyyrrggbbwwkk
- -- : -. omit symbol for no line
M indicates marker style . + 0 * x s d ^ v > < p h
None = no symbol
Labelling the plot
pl.xlabel('name of x axis') - prints a label along the x-axis
pl.ylabel('name of y axis') - prints a label along the y-axis
pl.title('title for plot') - writes a title across the top of the graph
pl.axis([xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax]) - sets limits for plot with array shown
pl.grid('on') ? turn on grid lines
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