EIT Health and McKinsey

Transforming healthcare with AI

The impact on the workforce and organisations

March 2020

EIT Health is supported by the EIT, a body of the European Union

Transforming healthcare with AI: The impact on the workforce and organisations

2

Contents

Foreword4 Acknowledgements6 Abbreviations7

Executive summary

9

Chapter 1 ? Introduction

22

1.1 AI and its potential to transform healthcare

23

1.2 The focus and scope of this report

26

1.3 Approach and methodology

27

1.3.1 MGI analyses on the impact of automation and AI on healthcare

27

1.3.2 Expert interviews and survey

28

1.3.3 Case studies

29

Chapter 2 ? Artificial intelligence in healthcare today

30

2.1 What do we mean by AI in healthcare?

31

2.2 How recent advances have made AI in healthcare a reality

32

2.3 Implementation around the world

34

2.3.1 Government action

34

2.3.2 Private-sector investments

34

2.3.3 A diverse research pipeline

36

2.3.4 The view from Europe

38

2.4 Selected use cases along the AI in healthcare framework

41

2.4.1 Self-care, prevention and wellness

42

2.4.2 Triage and diagnosis

44

2.4.3 Diagnostics

46

2.4.4 Clinical decision support

48

2.4.5 Care delivery

50

2.4.6 Chronic care management

54

2.4.7 Improving population-health management

58

2.4.8 Improving healthcare operations

60

2.4.9 Strengthening healthcare innovation

62

2.5 From AI today to AI tomorrow

63

Chapter 3 ? How will AI and automation change the healthcare workforce?

68

3.1 Jobs lost, gained and changed: Healthcare in 2030

69

3.1.1 Impact on employment numbers

71

3.2 How will AI and automation change the activities of healthcare practitioners?

73

3.2.1 Less admin; more patient care

73

3.2.2 Supporting clinical activities

75

3.2.3 Easier access to more knowledge

78

3.2.4 Patient empowerment, self-care and remote monitoring

78

3.3 New activities and new skills

79

3.3.1 A new way of interacting with patients

79

3.3.2 Boosting digital skills in the broader healthcare workforce

80

3.4 Introducing new professionals in healthcare

82

Transforming healthcare with AI: The impact on the workforce and organisations

1

Chapter 4 ? What needs to change to encourage adoption of AI in healthcare?

84

4.1 Quality and suitability of solutions

85

4.1.1 Primum non nocere ? First, do no harm: Evidence, error and bias

87

4.2 Education and skills

88

4.2.1 Growing the leaders of the future: Changing education and training

89

4.2.2 Supporting the leaders of today: The need for continuous learning

90

4.3 Data quality, governance, security and interoperability

91

4.3.1 Digitising health and collecting the right data

91

4.3.2 Ensuring strong data governance within healthcare organisations

92

4.3.3 Data interoperability and building bigger datasets

93

4.4 Managing change

94

4.5 Investing in new talent and creating new roles

95

4.6 Regulation, policy making and liability, and managing risk

96

4.6.1 Approving algorithms: Ensuring safety, efficacy and no bias

97

4.6.2 Liability: Who is the actor?

100

4.7 Funding: The most important enabler of all?

101

4.8 Who should do what? The key roles to make AI happen

102

4.9 The potential role of the EU

104

Chapter 5 ? Key findings and recommendations

108

5.1 AI's potential to transform healthcare

109

5.2 Status of AI in healthcare internationally

110

5.3 Impact on healthcare practitioners

110

5.4 Barriers and enablers

112

5.5 The implications for healthcare organisations and health systems

114

5.6 What role could Europe play?

115

Appendix 1: List of interviewees

117

Appendix 2: MGI methodology

`121

Appendix 3: Survey

123

Transforming healthcare with AI: The impact on the workforce and organisations

2

3

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download