The Practice of Statistics
Chapter 4: Displaying and Summarizing Quantitative Data
Key Vocabulary:
|distribution |unimodal |range |
|histogram |bimodal |quartile |
|relative frequency histogram |multimodal |interquartile range (IQR) |
|gap |uniform |percentile |
|stem-and-leaf display |symmetric |5-number summary |
|dotplot |tail |mean |
|shape |skewed |resistant |
|center |outliers |variance |
|spread |median |standard deviation |
|mode | | |
Calculator Skills:
| display a histogram | Display 1-Var Stats | |
1. What is meant by a distribution?
2. Explain the difference between a histogram and a relative frequency histogram.
3. In what ways are histograms similar to stem-and-leaf displays?
4. Name some advantages of stem-and-leaf displays.
5. When is it more appropriate to use a histogram rather than a stem-and-leaf display?
6. Name some advantages of dotplots.
7. When describing a distribution, what three things should you always mention?
8. What should you look for when describing the shape of a distribution (try to find five things)?
9. In general, what is meant by the center of a distribution?
10. In general, what is meant by the spread of a distribution?
11. What is a better way to describe the spread of a distribution?
12. What is meant by the 5-number summary?
13. When is it more appropriate to use the mean as a measure of center rather than the median?
14. What does referring to the median as a resistant measure indicate?
15. When is it more appropriate to use the median as a measure of center rather than the mean?
16. Why is the standard deviation considered a more powerful approach to summarizing the spread?
17. What is the relationship between the variance and the standard deviation?
18. When many data values are far from the center of a distribution, how will this be reflected in the standard deviation and the IQR?
19. What is the danger in summarizing a variable with the mean and the standard deviation?
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