KEY TERMS Data­ Dependent variable­ Scientific Method

ScientificMethod

KEYTERMS

? Analysis a study of the data looking for

patterns,errorsandmeaning.

? Conclusionajudgmentthattellswhether

the data does or does not support the

hypothesis

? Data table an organized chart to record

andkeepdatafromtheexperiment.

? Data a collection of facts ? usually

numbers.

? Dependentvariablethechangesthatare

measuredinanexperiment.

? Experimenttestinganideaorhypothesis

throughacontrolledinvestigation.

? Hypothesis an educated guess that

answersyourquestion.

? Independent variable what causes the

changesmeasuredinanexperiment.

? Inference drawing a conclusion or

judgmentbasedondata.

? Observation making and recording

measurements

? Scientific method method of problem

solvingbytestingahypothesis.

? Trial each test performed in an

experiment.

? Variable things that change or can be

changedinanexperiment.

TheScientificMethodis thewayscientistsget answerstotheir questions.

GOALS

#1: I will be able to write a hypothesis that can be tested by the scientific method. #2: I will be able to identify the independent and dependent variables in anexperiment. #3: I will be able to record and graph datafromanexperiment. #4:Iwillbeabletousedatacollectedin an experiment to decide if a hypothesis hasbeenproven. #5: I will be able to make observations using tools like thermometers, graduated cylindersandtriplebeambalances. #6. I will be able to plan and carry out anexperimenttotestmyownhypothesis and write procedures that others can follow.

TheBasicStepsoftheScientificMethod

1.Statetheproblem 2.Research 3.Formahypothesis 4.Testthehypothesis 5.Recordandanalyzedata 6.Statetheconclusion

Thingstoknow:

? StepsofthescientificmethodINORDER

? Thedetailsofeachstep

o Example: Whywedoanexperiment(toseeifthehypothesisisrightorwrong)

Variables(independent--whatyouchangeduringanexperiment;dependent--what

youmeasurebecauseofthechangeinanexperiment)

Repeatedtrials(reduceschanceofmistakes&makessureyourresultsareaccurate)

Thingstostudy:

? Scientificmethodworksheetsandnotes

? How-Tohandoutsforscientificmethod,variablesandhypothesis

? THISSTUDYGUIDE!

? Self-checktutorialsandgamesonmywebsite(joseph)

Thingstodo:

? Payattentioninclass

? Dothehomework

? Ask1questionperclass

? Readoverclasshandoutsandlabsfrequently!

? ScheduleaPTS(personaltrainingsession)withme

? R&R(Revise&Reviewyourwork)

? Havefriends,siblingsandparentsquizyouonceaweek

TestPrep?similarquestionsliketheonesbelowwillbeontheunittest

1.Whatisahypothesis?

2.Writeahypothesisaboutapapertowelthatcouldbetestedbyanexperiment.

3.Whatisonewayyoucouldtestyourhypothesis?

4.Whatshouldyoudowiththedata(results)ofyourexperiment?

5.Whydoweusethescientificmethod?

6.Whatdoyoudowiththeresults(data)ofyourexperiment?

7.Whatisthedifferencebetweenandindependentanddependentvariable?

8.Whatarethestepsofthescientificmethod?(Youalsoneedtoknowwhathappensineachstep)

9.Howisdataorganizedinanexperiment?

10.Whatisqualitativedata?

11.Whatisquantitativedata?

12.Whatisaninference?

13.Studythehypothesesandresultsofthescientificinvestigationsbelow.

Hypothesis:IfIincreasetheairpressureinabasketball,thenitwillmakeitbouncehigher.

Independentvariable:____________________________________Dependentvariable:_____________________________

Data:

HeightofBounce Drop 4lbs.Airpressure 8lbs.ofAirpressure

12lbs.ofairpressure

#1

53cm

131cm

176cm

#2

51cm

140cm

171cm

#3

52cm

136cm

173cm

#4

56cm

133cm

180cm

Average

53cm

135cm

175cm

Whatdoesthedatatellyouaboutthehypothesis?Explain____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 Matchthewordwiththedefinitionsbyputtingaletterinfrontofeachnumber

_____1.Hypothesis

A.Predictionabouttheoutcomeofanexperiment

____2.DependentVariable

B.Whatyoumeasureorobservetoobtainyourresults

____3.IndependentVariable

C.Measurementsandotherobservations

____4.Observation

D.Statementthatsumsupwhatyoulearnfrom

____5.Data

E.Factorthatischangedinanexperiment

____6.Conclusion

F.Whatthepersonperformingtheactivitysees,hears,feels,smells,

ortastes

Usethepicturebelowtoanswerthefollo wingquestions.

1.Writeatleast3observations: 2.Writeatleast2inferences: 3.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Thehousecollapsedatthesametimethatthe polesfelldown."_____________________________Explain___________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Theroaddamageisserious,anditwillbevery expensivetorepair."_____________________________Explain_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Thehouseisbuiltonunstableland." _____________________________Explain______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Thedamageatthisscenewascausedbyan explosion." _____________________________Explain____________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANSWERKEY Usethepicturebelowtoanswerthefollowingquestions. 1.Writeatleast3observations: Sample:Groundisbroken.Onehousehascollapsed.Thehighwayisbroken.Sometelephonepolesare tilted.Somewiresaredown. 2.Writeatleast2inferences:Answerswillvary.Sampleinference:Anearthquakehasoccurred. 3.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Thehousecollapsedatthesametimethatthe polesfelldown."Explain.Inference.Theillustrationdoesnotshowtheorderofevents. 4.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Theroaddamageisserious,anditwillbevery expensivetorepair."ExplainInference.Thestatementreliesoncostinformationnotshowninthe illustration.Also--youdidn'tseeithappen 5.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Thehouseisbuiltonunstableland."Explain Inference.Theillustrationdoesnotshowwhetherthelandisstableorunstable. 6.Isthefollowingstatementanobservationoraninference?"Thedamageatthisscenewascausedbyan explosion."ExplainInference.Theillustrationdoesnotshowwhatcausedthedamage.

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