Metric System



2417445-39290400Name: Date:Period:Metric System Introduction: The metric system (from the Greek term metrikos, meaning “measure”), which was first developed in late eighteenth century France. The modern definitions of the units used in the metric system are those adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures, which in 1960 established the International System of Units, also known (in French) as Systeme International d'Unites, and abbreviated SI (in all languages). The metric system utilizes units that are based on the decimal system and related to each other by the power of ten. Unlike the American-British system (commonly called the English system) of measurement (inch, foot, yard, mile); metric units are easily inter-converted by simply multiplying or dividing by ten (which ALL of us are capable of doing).Basics of Common MeasurementsLength and Distance A metric ruler: Marked in centimeters and millimeters.A meter stick: A stick that is one meter long! Is marked in centimeters and meters.VolumeA quantity that describes an amount of space.A graduated cylinder: Marked in centimeters and millimeters.Meniscus: Curvature of the liquid. Volume measurement must be made with the meniscus at eye level.MassA measure of the amount of matter in a solid, liquid, or gas.An electronic balance: Measures the mass in grams.Make sure that the pan of the balance is clean and zero the balance after placing the measuring container on it.Add the substance you are measuring to the container, wait for the numbers to stop changing, and record the measurement shown on the display.Time SI unit of time is seconds (s).1minute = 60 seconds TemperatureTemperature can be measured using a thermometer.SI unit of temperature is Celsius (C).4048760351790F = 9/5(C) + 3200F = 9/5(C) + 32You can convert between the Celsius and Farenheit temperature scales using this equation:Exercise A: Changing the Value of a NumberWhen learning how to use the metric system, you become a “Decimal Jockey.” Whenever you change units you can simply move the decimal of a number to the right of left, therefore affecting its value.The Metric StaircaseMultiply 10 by 100.10.0 x 100 = ___________In which direction must you move the decimal (to the right or the left)? ___________How many decimal places where moved? ___________Divide 10 by 10,000.10.0 ÷ 10,000 = ___________In which direction must you move the decimal (to the right or the left)? ___________How many decimal places where moved? ___________Looking at the value of ten that you multiplied or divided by (100 or 10,000) what is the relationship between the number of zeros in the number and the number of decimal places you should move? (answer part a & b below)Multiply by 100,000: The number of decimal places moved: ___________Dividing by 1,000: The number of decimal places moved: ___________When multiplying or dividing what is the relationship between the direction that the decimal is moved and the function you are accomplishing? (answer part a & b below)Multiplying: The decimal is moved to the ___________Dividing: The decimal is moved to the ___________Part B: Basic Units of Metric MeasurementsThe Metric System uses a system of PREFIXES, which denote the valve of a number (placement of the decimal) combined with the type of measurement being made or the BASIC UNIT of measurement. The primarily used measurements can be expressed in four ways: length, volume, mass, or temperature. The metric system utilizes four basic units to express these measurements.In order to change the value of a measurement one needs only to incorporate an additional prefix to the measurement. Each prefix is used to describe how much of the original basic unit is present.Physical properties can be measured by simply combining the basic units with the appropriate prefix. For Example:One liter of soda (1 L) = one liter (1 L)One hundred liters of soda (100 L) = one hectoliter (1hL)One thousand meter jog around campus = one kilometer (km)A moth is one hundredth of a meter long = one centimeter (cm)An ant is one thousandth of a meter long = one millimeter (mm)An ant’s leg weighs one millionth of a gram = one microgram (μg)Basic unit: MeterOne meter cut into 100 pieces: each piece equals 0.01 m or 1 centimeterOne meter cut into 1,000 pieces: each piece equals 0.001 m or 1 ________ meter1,000 meters combined: equal 1,000 m or 1 ________ meterBasic unit: LiterOne liter poured into 10 cups: each cup contains 0.1 liters or 1 deciliterOne liter poured into 100 cups: each cup contains _________liter or 1 centiliterOne liter poured into 1,000,000 cups: each cup contains __________ liters or 1 _______ liter1,000 liters combined in a jug: equal 1,000 liters or 1________ liter.Basic unit: Gram10 grams: equals 1 ________ gram1,000 grams combined: equal a total of 1 _______ gramOne gram divided into 1,000 pieces: each piece weighs 0.001 grams or 1 ______ gramExercise C: Metric ConversionsMetric conversion is the process through which the units of measurement are changed WITHOUT changing the value of the number.One thousand meters (1,000 m) = One kilometer (1.0 km)One hundredth of a gram (10-2g) = One centigram (1.0 cg)One thousandth of a liter (10-3L) = One milliliter (1.0 mL)Conversion factors are ratios of numbers with different units that equal ONE.1,000 m / 1.0 km = 1 1 x 1,000 m / 1.0 km = 110-2g / 1.0 cg = 1 1 x 10-2g / 1.0 cg = 1L / 1.0 mL = 1 1 x 10-3 L / 1.0 mL = 11,000g (grams) = ___________ kg (kilograms)Conversion factor: 1 kg / 1,000 gms = 11,000 g ×1 kg1,000 g = _________kg10 cm (centimeter) = ___________ m (meter)Conversion factor: 1 m / 100 cm = 110 cm ×1 m100 cm = _________m100 mL (milliliter) = cL (centiliter)Conversion factors: 1 L / 1,000 ml = L 1 L / 100 cl = L100 mL ×1 L1,000 mL × 100 cL1 L= _________cL32.6 mg (milligrams) = ___________ μg (microgram)Conversion factors: 1 g / _______ mg = 1 1 g / _______ μg = 132.6 mg ×1 g mg × ?g1 g= ________?g0.05 mm (millimeter) = ____________ km (Kilometer)Conversion factors: ???0.05 mm x = __________ kmSummary QuestionsGive the metric units for:The weight of 1cc (cubic centimeter) of water ____________Identify the metric unit:The basic metric unit for volume:____________The basic metric unit for length:____________The prefix denoting 100:____________The prefix denoting 1/100:____________The prefix denoting 1/ 1,000,000:____________Which is the larger unit:Milli or Centi____________Kilo or Deka____________Micro or Nano____________Compute the following conversions between metric units:1.0 km = ____________ m0.1 g = ____________ μg0.035 L = ____________ mL1.0 mL = ____________ L0.0001 mL = ____________ μL0.83 cm = ____________ mm100.0 cm = ____________ m0.35 kg = ____________ mg3500 μL = ____________ mL1.0 cg = ____________ mg66 g = ____________ kg2100 mg = ____________ gAn electrocardiogram paper speed is 2.5 cm / sec,What is its speed in mm / sec ____________The heart pumps approximately 5.0 liters/ min.How much blood does it pump in an hour? ____________How much blood does it pump in a day? ____________How much blood does it pump in a year? ____________35 ?C = ____________ ?F34791651016000090 ?F = ____________ ?C2hrs = ____________ s4457700663638500What volume is indicated in the graduated cylinder shown? ____________Which measurement is the largest? Circle your answer for each pair.14 mm or 1 cm334 m or 1 km1 m or 990 cm145 m or 145 kmUse a metric ruler to find each measurement. (Calculate centimeters to one decimal point and round millimeters to the nearest whole number for this problem)Length of the line above in centimeters = _____________Length of the line in millimeters = ____________Height of the rectangle above in millimeters = _____________Length of the rectangle above in millimeters = _____________909320844550013474705016500Radius of the circle in centimeters (outside to middle) = ______________Radius of the circle in millimeters (outside to middle) = ______________Diameter of circle in centimeters (one side to other, across center) = ______________Diameter of circle in millimeters (one side to other, across center) = ______________9093208191500Volume of the box in cubic centimeters (length x width x height)__________ X ___________ X _____________ = ____________What is your height in centimeters? ____________ Meters? ____________ ................
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