Michigan Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations

Michigan Compilation of School

Discipline Laws and Regulations

Prepared: March 31, 2023

Michigan Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations

Introduction

This compilation presents school discipline-related laws and regulations for U.S. states, U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia, and, where available, links to education agency websites or resources related to school discipline and student conduct. The discipline laws and regulations presented in this compilation have been categorized by type of specific discipline issue covered, according to an organizational framework developed by the National Center for Safe and Supportive Learning Environments (NCSSLE). For example, one major category encompasses all laws or regulations governing states or territories that mandate specific disciplinary sanctions (such as suspension) for specific offenses (such as drug possession on school grounds). The school discipline laws and regulations were compiled through exhaustive searches of legislative websites that identified all laws and regulations relevant to each specific category. Compiled materials were subsequently reviewed by state education agency (SEA) representatives in the 50 states, Washington D.C., and the U.S. territories. Discipline categories were not mutually exclusive. Laws and regulations often appeared across multiple categories. For jurisdictions with more extensive laws covering a breadth of topical areas, relevant sections were excerpted from the larger legislative text for inclusion in the appropriate discipline category. Laws, ordered by chapter and section number, appear first within each category followed by regulations. All laws and regulations listed within categories in the compilation also appear in the sources cited section of the document, which lists laws by chapter and section number and title, and where available, includes active hyperlinks to source websites supported or maintained by state legislatures. Additional links to government websites or resources are provided at the end of this document.

Notes & Disclaimers

To the best of the preparer's knowledge, this Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations is complete and current as of March 2023. Readers should also note that the information in this document was compiled from individual sources that are created by each jurisdiction and which are maintained and updated with varying frequencies. Readers should consult the source information provided directly in order to check for updates to laws and regulations reported in this document or to conduct further research. For further information, including definitions of the different policy categories, please refer to the Discipline Laws and Regulations Compendium posted on the Center's website.

Prepared by:

Michigan Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations

Table of Contents

Michigan State Codes Cited .......................................................................................................................... 1

Codes of Conduct ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Authority to Develop and Establish Codes of Conduct ................................................................................. 4 Scope ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 Communication of Policy............................................................................................................................... 8

In-School Discipline...................................................................................................................................... 10 Discipline Frameworks ................................................................................................................................ 10 Teacher Authority to Remove Students From Classrooms ........................................................................ 10 Alternatives to Suspension.......................................................................................................................... 10

Conditions on Use of Certain Forms of Discipline.................................................................................... 13 Corporal Punishment .................................................................................................................................. 13 Search and Seizure..................................................................................................................................... 14 Restraint and Seclusion .............................................................................................................................. 15

Exclusionary Discipline: Suspension, Expulsion, and Alternative Placement ...................................... 23 Grounds for Suspension or Expulsion......................................................................................................... 23 Limitations or Conditions on Exclusionary Discipline.................................................................................. 24 Due Process ................................................................................................................................................ 26 Return to School Following Removal .......................................................................................................... 29 Alternative Placements ............................................................................................................................... 32

Discipline Addressing Specific Code of Conduct Violations................................................................... 37 Firearms and Other Weapons Violations .................................................................................................... 37 Students with Chronic Disciplinary Issues .................................................................................................. 38 Chronic Absenteeism and Truancy ............................................................................................................. 38 Substance Use ............................................................................................................................................ 39 Gang-related Activity ................................................................................................................................... 39 Bullying, Harassment, or Hazing ................................................................................................................. 40 Dating and Relationship Violence ............................................................................................................... 44

Prevention, Behavioral Intervention, and Supports .................................................................................. 45 State Model Policies and Implementation Support ..................................................................................... 45 Multi-tiered Frameworks and Systems of Support ...................................................................................... 46 Prevention ................................................................................................................................................... 48 Social-emotional Learning (SEL) ................................................................................................................ 48 Trauma-informed Practices ......................................................................................................................... 49 Mental Health Literacy Training .................................................................................................................. 49 School-based Behavioral Health Programs ................................................................................................ 50

Monitoring and Accountability .................................................................................................................... 53 Formal Incident Reporting of Conduct Violations........................................................................................ 53 Parental Notification .................................................................................................................................... 57 Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions ............................................... 60

Michigan Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations

Partnerships between Schools and Law Enforcement............................................................................. 63 Referrals to Law Enforcement..................................................................................................................... 63 School Resource Officer (SRO) or School Security Officer (SSO) Training or Certification ...................... 67 Authorizations, Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs), and/or Funding.................................................... 67 Threat Assessment Protocols ..................................................................................................................... 68

State-Sponsored, Publicly Available Websites or Other Resources on School Discipline .................. 69

Michigan Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations

Michigan State Codes Cited

Michigan Revised Laws

Michigan Compiled Laws

Chapter 380. The Revised School Code

Article 1

Part 6. School Districts of the First Class

380.472.

School for confinement, discipline, instruction, and maintenance of children

Article 2

Part 16. Boards of Education; Powers and Duties Generally

380.1240. 380.1306.

380.1307.

380.1307a.

380.1307b. 380.1307c. 380.1307d. 380.1307e. 380.1307f. 380.1307g. 380.1307h. 380.1308. 380.1308a.

380.1308b.

380.1309.

380.1310.

380.1310a. 380.1310b.

380.1310c. 380.1310d.

Law enforcement agency; creation

School lockers; no presumption of privacy; search policy; assistance of law enforcement agency; model policy; admissibility of evidence Use of seclusion and restraint in public schools; uniform policy; objectives; right or remedy under state or federal law Use of seclusion and restraint in public schools; adoption and implementation of local policy; noncompliance as violation of act Statement of prohibited practices Emergency seclusion and emergency physical restraint; state policy; provisions Documentation and reporting of seclusion and restraint; state policy; provisions Development and implementation of emergency intervention plan; state policy; provisions Data collection; state policy; provisions Training; state policy; provisions Definitions Statewide school safety information policy Report to department of state police on certain crimes occurring at school; exemption from freedom of information act; noncompliance Emergency operations plan; requirements; notice; exemption of certain information from freedom of information act; "school building" defined Conduct constituting suspension; action by teacher; report; supervision; conference; return by student; adoption of local policy by school board; definitions Physical assault at school against another pupil; suspension or expulsion; alternative education program; definitions Report Policy prohibiting bullying; adoption and implementation; public hearing; submission of policy to department; contents of policy; annual report of incidents of bullying; form and procedure; school employee, school volunteer, pupil, or parent or guardian reporting act of bullying to school official; modified policy; definitions; section to be known as "Matt Epling Safe School Law." Restorative practices as alternative or in addition to suspension or expulsion; definitions Suspension or expulsion of pupil; factors; exercise of discretion; rebuttable presumption; section inapplicable for possession of firearm in weapon free school zone; consideration of factors mandatory; definitions

380.1311. Suspension or expulsion of pupil

Michigan Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations

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