High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 The 2020 Scottie Round ThreeWritten by former players and coaches including Todd Garrison, Tyler Reid, Olivia Kiser, Garrison Page, Caleb Tamminga, Griffin Reid, Caleb West, Stratton Kiser, Tabitha Cline, Robert Oliver, Cade Bishop, and Jessica Mansfield. Edited by Tyler Reid (Chief Editor), Todd Garrison, Olivia Kiser, and Garrison Page.Tossup 1. This museum houses a clock pavilion that was previously a medieval moat, and a marble statue of Nike divides its Daru staircase. A large floating dome representing shaded palm fronds sits atop a satellite of this museum in Abu Dhabi, while the home campus contains a controversial steel and glass (*) pyramid design. This museum is separated into Dennon, Sully, and Richelieu wings, and its galleries include the Venus de Milo and Mona Lisa. For 10 points, identify this largest art museum in the world, located in Paris, France. ANSWER: the Louvre [or Musée du Louvre] <CT>Bonus 1. During the 1700s, small German states rented out auxiliary troops to larger countries in exchange for subsidies. For 10 points each:[10] This was the collective name given to the German auxiliary troops that fought in the American Revolution.ANSWER: Hessians[10] The Continental Army captured almost two-thirds of the Hessian forces at this battle, which occurred the morning after Christmas day.ANSWER: Battle of Trenton[10] After failing to retake Philadelphia one year later, Washington retreated to Valley Forge, where this Prussian officer helped train American troops.ANSWER: Baron Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben <CB>Tossup 2. This author wrote several poems and letters addressed to a friend called “Stella,” whom he may have been secretly married to. A work by this author was partially inspired by the writings of his great uncle, the bishop Francis Godwin, and depicts animosity between Big Endians and Little Endians. That work features four (*) voyages, including one to a country of six-inch tall people. In a satirical essay, this author suggests that poor Irishmen sell their children as food to the rich. For 10 points, name this writer of Gulliver's Travels and A Modest Proposal.ANSWER: Jonathan Swift <JM/TR>Bonus 2. The International Energy Agency predicts that this compound will eventually become shipping’s dominant fuel. For 10 points each:[10] Name this compound used to produce fertilizer and explosives with chemical formula NH3.ANSWER: ammonia [10] This chemical process converts ammonia to nitric acid.ANSWER: Ostwald process[10] Nitrogen is artificially fixated to form ammonia in this process. While it originally used an osmium catalyst, modern versions of this process use iron-based catalysts.ANSWER: Haber-Bosch process <CW>Tossup 3. This author of The Guardian Spirit in North America believed that the “vision quest” was a unifying characteristic of Native American religions. Margaret Mead and Erik Erikson both authored works titled for this person, and fieldwork with one tribe led this anthropologist to write Zuni Mythology. This anthropologist’s (*) Patterns of Culture proposed a “personality type” unique to each culture, while another of her works was commissioned by the U.S. government to help them better understand the behavior of the Japanese. For 10 points, name this anthropologist who wrote The Chrysanthemum and the Sword.ANSWER: Ruth Fulton Benedict [or Ruth Fulton] <TG>Bonus 3. This term is used to describe pre-Christian polytheistic religions. For 10 points each:[10] Identify these kinds of religions, whose neo- variety include Romuva and Asatru.ANSWER: Paganism [accept Neopaganism][10] This neo-pagan religion’s practitioners meet in covens and worship deities like the Horned God. This religion is often associated with witchcraft. ANSWER: Wicca[10] Wiccans celebrate this holiday in December. Its namesake log is often used in Christmas traditions.ANSWER: Yuletide<GR>Tossup 4. The government of this country introduced an economic plan called the “Desarrollo estabilizador” that became known as its namesake “miracle.” Pedro Lascurain served as president of this country for only 20 minutes after the Ten Tragic Days in order to give the appearance of legitimacy to his successor, Victoriano (*) Huerta. This nation defeated the French at the Battle of Puebla, and its former Presidents include Benito Juarez and Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. For 10 points, name this Latin American country that shares its northern border with the U.S.ANSWER: Mexico <GR/TG>Bonus 4. This author’s work is believed by many to have almost single-handedly ushered in the Young Adult genre. For 10 points each:[10] Many of this author’s works, such as Rumble Fish and Tex, have been adapted into films.ANSWER: S. E. Hinton[10] Hinton is best known for this work in which Ponyboy narrates the conflict between two rival gangs in Tulsa, Oklahoma.ANSWER: The Outsiders[10] Ponyboy and his gang are named by this term. Their rivals are the Socs [SO-shis].ANSWER: the Greasers <TG>Tossup 5. The Sackur-Tetrode equation multiplies this quantity by the number of particles a gas contains, and the thermal voltage can be found by multiplying this quantity by temperature and dividing the product by the elementary charge. Entropy has a value equal to the natural (*) logarithm of the number of microstates times this quantity. This constant is equal to approximately 1.38 times ten to the negative twenty-third joules per Kelvin. For 10 points, name this thermodynamic constant symbolized k-sub-B.ANSWER: Boltzmann constant [accept k-sub-B before mention] <CW>Bonus 5. The central figure of this painting sits on a tapestry in a boat after escaping her tower. For 10 points each: [10] Name this John William Waterhouse painting, which shares its name with the Tennyson poem that inspired it.ANSWER: The Lady of Shalott[10] Shakespeare’s The Tempest inspired several paintings by Waterhouse as well as this artist’s Ferdinand Courting Miranda. He is better known for Marriage A-la-mode and a series of paintings focusing on the fictional Tom Rakewell.ANSWER: William Hogarth[10] This John Everett Millais painting depicts the titular Shakespearean character lying in a stream with flowers in her hand shortly before she drowns.ANSWER: Ophelia <TC>Tossup 6. One of this author’s characters goes on a trip to Michigan, where he catches fifty grasshoppers in a jar before going fishing for trout. In another short story by this author, a father is found to have killed himself at an Indian camp after his wife undergoes a c-section. This creator of (*) Nick Adams integrated aspects of his life into many of his works, including his time as an ambulance driver in World War One. For 10 points, name this author of A Farewell to Arms, who wrote of Santiago’s battle with a marlin in The Old Man and the Sea.ANSWER: Ernest Hemingway <TC>Bonus 6. This mutation is rarely exhibited in females, as it is carried on the X chromosome. For 10 points each:[10] Name this visual deficiency of the eye, which is most often caused by the lack of cones.ANSWER: color blindness[10] The most common type of color blindness impairs a person’s ability to see these two colors.ANSWER: red and green [accept either order][10] Color-blindness is a disorder of this light-sensitive part of the eye, which contains cones and rods.ANSWER: retina <SK>Tossup 7. Belem tower in this city was used as a political prison during its country’s Liberal Wars, and this city was occupied by Jean-Andoche Junot during the Peninsular War. This city’s namesake treaty amended the Treaties of Rome and Maastricht, and folded the European (*) Community into the European Union. On April 25, 1974, the Estado Novo was overthrown by the Carnation Revolution in this city, which was mostly destroyed by an earthquake in 1755. For 10 points, name this capital city of Portugal.ANSWER: Lisbon <TG>Bonus 7. The protagonist of this novel stops his affair with Norah Nesbitt in order to continue his affair with Mildred Rogers. For 10 points each:[10] Name this 1915 novel in which, instead of traveling the world, the clubfooted Philip Carey decides to settle down with Sally Athelny.ANSWER: Of Human Bondage[10] Of Human Bondage is the most well-known work by this author who wrote about Charles Strickland in The Moon and Sixpence.ANSWER: W. Somerset Maugham[10] In this other work by Maugham, Larry Darrell has a spiritual epiphany in India and rejects Isabel Bradley to return to New York.ANSWER: The Razor’s Edge <RO>Tossup 8. This healed a man’s eye using rust scraped from his spear, and his armour was forged by Hephaestus. He earned the ire of the Amazons by slaying their queen Penthesilea. In one battle, this great-grandson of Zeus killed the champion from an opposing city and (*) dragged his corpse around that city’s walls three times. That event occured after Hector killed Patroclus, who was posing as this man. For 10 points, name this legendary Greek hero whose only weak spot was his heel.ANSWER: Achilles <SK>Bonus 8. Major G.P.W. Meredith once said that if the military had a division with the bullet-carrying capacity of the opposing side in this conflict, they could face any army in the world. For 10 points each:[10] Name this conflict in which an army, despite having machine guns, lost to a bunch of flightless birds.ANSWER: Great Emu War[10] The Great Emu War took place in this country, where the emu is the national bird. ANSWER: Australia[10] After the military failed to deal with the emus, the Australian government put in place this kind of system, in which individuals could get rewarded for killing the birds themselves.ANSWER: bounty system <GR> Tossup 9. At the end of his career, this man completed a set of murals for the Church of Saint-Sulpice that included his Heliodorus Vanquished from the Temple. This artist was a pallbearer at the funeral of Frederic Chopin and painted a double portrait of Chopin and his lover, George Sand. This artist of The Barque of Dante was inspired to paint the death of an Assyrian king by Lord (*) Byron’s play Sardanapalus. His most famous work honors the July Revolution and features a bare-breasted woman holding a musket in one hand while waving the tricolour of France with the other. For 10 points, name this artist of Liberty Leading the People.ANSWER: Ferdinand Victor Eugene Delacroix <TG>Bonus 9. The largest of these is Le Miroir d’eau [lay meer-wah doo] in Bordeaux, France. For 10 points each: [10] Name these features often found in parks or at memorials. They consist of shallow ponds of water acting as a mirror.ANSWER: reflecting pools [prompt on “pools” alone][10] Henry Bacon included a reflecting pool in his design of the Lincoln Memorial, whose central statue was designed by this sculptor who also sculpted The Minute Man.ANSWER: David Chester French[10] A long reflecting pool leads up to the front of the Taj Mahal, which was built in honor of this Mughal emperor’s wife.ANSWER: Shah Jahan <TG>Tossup 10. PCR is carried out in one of these solutions that provides a stable chemical environment for DNA polymerase activity. Norman Good studied a set of twelve of these substances commonly used in biological research. In blood, carbonic acid and (*) bicarbonate form one of these solutions. The Henderson-Hasselbach equation can be used to approximate the pH of one of these solutions. For 10 points, name these solutions in which a weak acid is mixed with its conjugate base, or vice versa.ANSWER: buffer solutions [accept buffering agents] <CW>Bonus 10. Answer the following about bodies of water that are drying up, for 10 points each.[10] This Central Asian sea has shrunk by nearly eighty percent due to the Karakum Canal diverting water from the Amu Darya and Syr Darya Rivers. ANSWER: Aral Sea[10] There are plans to divert rivers such as the Ubangi to refill this depleted African lake shared by Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, and its namesake country.ANSWER: Lake Chad[10] The water level of this artificial lake formed by the Hoover Dam has steadily decreased due to an extended drought in the Colorado River Basin.ANSWER: Lake Mead <GR>Tossup 11. On this holiday, Jainists chant Gautam Ras early in the morning and offer Nirvan laddu in the temple. Buddhist temples ring their bells 108 times at midnight to usher in this holiday before praying at a local temple. The Catholic Church celebrates the Solemnity of Mary on this day, which is also the Octave of (*) Christmas, while Jews celebrate this holiday on Rosh Hashanah. For 10 points, name this holiday, which in many cultures is celebrated on January 1st each year.ANSWER: new year’s day [accept Diwali until “bells”] <TG>Bonus 11. In this coordinate system, a point is represented by x- and y-values. For 10 points each:[10] Name this two-dimensional coordinate system named after the French philosopher and mathematician who wrote La Géométrie.ANSWER: Cartesian coordinate system [or Cartesian plane; prompt on “Descartes”][10] In the Cartesian coordinate system, this other word for the x-coordinate describes the distance that a point lies from the y-axis. It is contrasted with the ordinate, or y-coordinate.ANSWER: abscissa[10] In La Géométrie, Descartes outlined this rule for determining the maximum number of positive or negative real zeros of a polynomial function.ANSWER: Descartes’ rule of signs <CW>Tossup 12. This man was inspired by Wagner’s “Ring Cycle” to create his unfinished opera, The Building of the Boat. This composer’s Valse Triste was one of six pieces of incidental music for the play Kuolema, and his Kullervo is based on a character in an epic poem compiled by Elias Lonnrot. This composer of (*) Tapiola used an English horn to depict a bird swimming in "The Swan of Tuonela.” His most famous work describes the virtues of resistance against the Russian Empire and the strength of his homeland. For 10 points, name this composer of the tone poem Finlandia.ANSWER: Jean Sibelius [or Johann Julius Christian Sibelius] <RO>Bonus 12. This was the last part of the Incan empire to be conquered by the Spanish. For 10 points each:[10] Name this capital of the Incan empire.ANSWER: Cuzco[10] Cuzco is located in this modern-day nation.ANSWER: Peru[10] Thirty-nine years after Atahualpa’s execution, this last monarch of the Neo-Incan State was beheaded by the Spanish.ANSWER: Tupac Amaru [accept partial answer] <SK>Tossup 13. In one work by this author, a judge must determine whether Michael belongs to his real mother or to Grusha, the servant who raised him. This playwright recounts the later years of a famous astronomer in The Life of Galileo. This author of The Good Person of Szechwan wrote a play in which the title (*) mother’s children Eilif, Kattrin, and Swiss Cheese die during the Thirty Years War. This playwright of The Caucasian Chalk Circle collaborated with Kurt Weill to write an opera that opens with “Mack the Knife.” For 10 points, name this German playwright of Mother Courage and Her Children and The Threepenny Opera.ANSWER: Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht <TG>Bonus 13. One episode of this show was controversially removed from Netflix in 2020 for a satirical depiction of blackface. For 10 points each:[10] Name this TV series, whose critically-panned fourth season was blamed on a “gas leak” by its characters. “Troy and Abed in the Morning” is a running joke on this show.ANSWER: Community[10] This actor left Community midway through its fifth season to focus on his music career under the stage name Childish Gambino. He also plays the lead character in Atlanta, his own FX series.ANSWER: Donald Glover[10] This actor played Ben Chang on Community. He also appeared in each movie in The Hangover series.ANSWER: Ken Jeong <CW>Tossup 14. One type of this organism causes cryptococcal meningitis, which is an often fatal complication of AIDS, while another type has been used in the study of protein-protein interactions. Strains of this organism include S. pastorianus and (*) S. cerevisiae, both of which find use in food production by fermenting sugars. The Candida type of this organism can cause infections in humans. For 10 points, name this type of fungus, which comes in a “baker’s” variety and is used in alcohol production.ANSWER: yeast <SK>Bonus 14. This group of people are the focus of a branch of psychology named for them. For 10 points each:[10] Name this group of people who undergo puberty during adolescence. ANSWER: children[10] This psychologist is best known for working with and studying children. He formulated a developmental theory of knowledge known as genetic epistemology.ANSWER: Jean Piaget[10] Piaget was the first to study this phenomenon in infants, and concluded that it develops late in the sensorimotor stage. This concept describes the recognition that things continue to exist after they can no longer be sensed.ANSWER: object permanence <JM>Tossup 15. Louise Lehzen sought to instill a sense of independence in this ruler, in contrast to the efforts of John Conroy. The Hastings Affair and Bedchamber Crisis tainted the beginning of this monarch’s reign, which was heavily influenced by the tutelage of Lord Melbourne. Salic Law prevented this ruler from being sovereign over (*) Hanover. The first Diamond Jubilee was held for this monarch, whose spouse organized the Great Exhibition. For 10 points, name this ruler who feuded with William Gladstone, the second-longest reigning Queen of Great Britain.ANSWER: Queen Alexandrina Victoria <CB>Bonus 15. Answer some questions about Russian authors and their work, for 10 points each.[10] This Pushkin play consists of 25 scenes and follows the reign of the titular character, whose death results in the Time of Troubles.ANSWER: Boris Godunov[10] Nikolai Gogol wrote this comedic short story that details the adventures of the titular body part as its owner tries to capture it.ANSWER: “The Nose”[10] This founder of socialist realism wrote a drama centered on the lives of impoverished Russians living near the Volga River, The Lower Depths.ANSWER: Maxim Gorky <JM>Tossup 16. Moderator Note: READ THE THIRD SENTENCE SLOWLY - “THIS LAW STATES….In the final chapter of Harmonices Mundi, the author of this principle admitted to giving himself up to “holy raving” over its discovery. Newton’s universal law of gravitation provides an explanation for this rule, which is sometimes referred to as the Law of Harmonies. This law states that the ratio of the squares of the (*) periods of the revolutions around the sun of any two planets is equal to the cubes of the semi-axes of their respective orbital ellipses. For 10 points, name this law, the final of a namesake astronomer’s laws of planetary motion.ANSWER: Kepler’s Third Law of Planetary Motion [prompt on “Law of Harmonies” or “Harmonic Law” before mention] <TG>Bonus 16. On January 16, 1938, this man led the first jazz ensemble to play at Carnegie Hall. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this band leader, whose performance at Carnegie Hall included an instrumental version of “Sing, Sing, Sing.”ANSWER: Benny Goodman[10] Goodman is known for his performances with this single-reed woodwind instrument.ANSWER: clarinet [10] Goodman was known as the king of this style of jazz that also names a popular dance.ANSWER: swing <GR>Tossup 17. Randomly-generated structures that can spawn in this game include bastion remnants and ruined portals. Two of the attacks with the highest damage in this game are a falling anvil and a potion of harming. Originally called Cave Game by its creator, this game was purchased by (*) Microsoft for 2.5 billion dollars. Villages in this game are often guarded by an iron golem, one of which can be made by a player using four iron blocks and a pumpkin. For 10 points, name this game made by Mojang whose enemies include the Enderman and the Creeper.ANSWER: Minecraft <SK>Bonus 17. The first expansion of NATO added Greece and this country. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this nation located on the Anatolian Peninsula and governed from Ankara.ANSWER: Republic of Turkey[10] This “Father of all Turks” forced the last sultan of the Ottoman Empire to abdicate, founded the Republic of Turkey, and served as its first president.ANSWER: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk [accept either][10] Turkey has occupied the northern half of this island since 1974. The other side of this island’s Green Line is controlled by a namesake republic.ANSWER: Cyprus <GR>Tossup 18. In this election, Stewart Symington and Adlai Stevenson declined to run in the Democratic primary, which was decided after the eventual nominee’s strong showing against Hubert Humphrey. One candidate was recovering from a knee infection during a major event held during this election. That candidate’s failure to use makeup before a (*) debate made him look pale and tired to some voters, while his major opponent in this election was forced to defend his Catholicism. For 10 points, name this election, the first to have televised presidential debates, in which Richard Nixon was defeated by John F. Kennedy.ANSWER: presidential election of 1960 <CB>Bonus 18. This value is zero for gravitational interactions because the force always points in the direction of the radial vector. For 10 points each:[10] Name this value, equal to the cross-product of the force and the moment arm. It is the rotational analogue of force.ANSWER: torque[10] This mnemonic utilizes a certain body part to determine the direction of the cross-product of three-dimensional vectors.ANSWER: right-hand rule[10] Milankovitch cycles are thought to be caused by this process, in which the direction of a rotating body’s axis changes.ANSWER: precession <CW>Tossup 19. Hula Valley is an agricultural region in this country that is located on the remains of a lake. Mount Meron is recognized as this country’s tallest mountain, although this country claims the taller Mount Hermon, located in the (*) Golan Heights. Beersheba is the largest city in this country’s Negev Desert, and the White City is a district of International Style buildings built in this country’s second-largest city, Tel Aviv. For 10 points, name this Middle Eastern country that disputes its capital of Jerusalem with its neighbor Palestine.ANSWER: State of Israel <GR>Bonus19. Nymphs are spirits of nature that inhabit various terrains in Greek mythology. Answer some questions about them, for 10 points each.[10] These nymphs are further divided into four types depending on the tree they are associated with.ANSWER: dryads[10] While these nymphs preside over various bodies of fresh water like lakes, streams, and rivers, they are not the same as river gods.ANSWER: naiads [10] This nymph was an oread who resided on Mount Cithaeron. She was unable to express her love to Narcissus after being cursed to only repeat the words of others.ANSWER: Echo <GR>Tossup 20. This poet exclaims “How inconvenient!” in a poem where no one in a city will take his money, part of his collaborative collection whose title translates to Monkey’s Raincoat. This poet described months and days as “travelers of eternity” in one work, and he used a children’s game as the format for a poetry (*) contest which he collected in The Seashell Game. This author’s most famous poem mentions “the splash of water” after a frog jumps into a pond. For 10 points, name this Japanese poet of The Narrow Road to the Deep North, an Edo-period master of haikus. ANSWER: Matsuo Basho [accept either; accept Matsuo Kinsaku; prompt on “Kinsaku”] <GP>Bonus 20. The African Writers Series is a “series of books by African writers that has been published by Heineman since 1962.” For 10 points each:[10] Heineman published all of this author’s The African Trilogy, beginning with Things Fall Apart in 1962. ANSWER: Chinua Achebe [or Albert Chin?al?m?g? Achebe][10] The AWS also published many of the works of this Kenyan author of Weep Not Child and A Grain of Wheat.ANSWER: Ngugi wa Thiong’o [or James Thiong’o Ngugi][10] Ngugi abandoned both his birth name James and writing in English as a rejection of colonialism, and instead began writing in his native Kikuyu, a language in this family. This language family also includes Swahili.ANSWER: Bantu <TG> ................
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