Java Programming For Kids

[Pages:211]JavaTM Programming for Kids,

Parents

and GrandParents

Yakov Fain

Java Programming for Kids, Parents and Grandparents iii

Java Programming for Kids, Parents and Grandparents

by Yakov Fain

Copyright ? 2004 Smart Data Processing, Inc. 14 Molly Pitcher Dr. Manalapan, New Jersey, 07726, USA

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Cover design and illustrations: Adult technical editor: Kid technical editor:

Yuri Fain Yuri Goncharov David Fain

May 2004: First Electronic Edition

The information in this book is distributed without warranty. Neither the author nor the publisher shall have any liability to any person or entitle to any liability, loss or damage to be caused directly or indirectly by instructions contained in this book or by the computer software or hardware products described herein. Java and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Windows 98, Windows NT, Windows 2000 and Windows XP are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other product names and company names are the property of their respective owners.

The publisher offers discount on this book when ordered in bulk quantities. For more information, send an e-mail at books@.

ISBN: 0-9718439-5-3

Table of Contents

PREFACE ............................................................................................... IX

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................. XI

CHAPTER 1. YOUR FIRST JAVA PROGRAM.................................................... 1

How to Install Java on Your Computer ....................................................................................... 2 Three Main Steps in Programming .............................................................................................. 6

Step 1 ? Type the Program ........................................................................................................... 6 Step 2 ? Compile the Program...................................................................................................... 8 Step 3 ? Run the Program............................................................................................................. 9 Additional Reading ...................................................................................................................... 10

CHAPTER 2. MOVING TO ECLIPSE.............................................................. 11

Installing Eclipse .......................................................................................................................... 11 Getting Started with Eclipse........................................................................................................ 13 Creating Programs in Eclipse ..................................................................................................... 15 Running HelloWorld in Eclipse............................................................................................... 16 How HelloWorld Works? ........................................................................................................ 17 Additional Reading ...................................................................................................................... 20 Practice.......................................................................................................................................... 20 Practice for Smarty Pants............................................................................................................ 21

CHAPTER 3. PET AND FISH ? JAVA CLASSES .............................................. 22

Classes and Objects ...................................................................................................................... 22 Data Types .................................................................................................................................... 25 Creation of a Pet.......................................................................................................................... 28 Inheritance ? a Fish is Also a Pet ................................................................................................ 33 Method Overriding ...................................................................................................................... 37 Additional Reading ...................................................................................................................... 38 Practice.......................................................................................................................................... 38 Practice for Smarty Pants............................................................................................................ 39

Java Programming for Kids, Parents and Grandparents v

CHAPTER 4. JAVA BUILDING BLOCKS ....................................................... 40

Program Comments ..................................................................................................................... 40 Making Decisions with if Statements........................................................................................ 41 Logical Operators......................................................................................................................... 43 The logical not here is applied to the expression in parentheses. ............................................. 44 Conditional operator.................................................................................................................... 44 Using else if ............................................................................................................................ 44 Making Decisions With switch Statement.............................................................................. 45 How Long Variables Live? .......................................................................................................... 46 Special Methods: Constructors ................................................................................................... 47 The Keyword this...................................................................................................................... 48 Arrays............................................................................................................................................ 49 Repeating Actions with Loops..................................................................................................... 51 Additional Reading ...................................................................................................................... 54 Practice.......................................................................................................................................... 54 Practice for Smarty Pants............................................................................................................ 54

CHAPTER 5. A GRAPHICAL CALCULATOR................................................... 55

AWT and Swing ........................................................................................................................... 55 Packages and Import Statements................................................................................................ 55 Major Swing Elements................................................................................................................. 56 Layout Managers.......................................................................................................................... 59

Flow Layout ............................................................................................................................... 59 Grid Layout ................................................................................................................................ 60 Border Layout ............................................................................................................................ 62 Combining Layout Managers ..................................................................................................... 62 Box Layout................................................................................................................................. 65 Grid Bag Layout......................................................................................................................... 66 Card Layout................................................................................................................................ 68 Can I Create Windows Without Using Layouts? ....................................................................... 68 Window Components ................................................................................................................... 68 Additional Reading ...................................................................................................................... 72 Practice.......................................................................................................................................... 72 Practice for Smarty Pants............................................................................................................ 73

CHAPTER 6. WINDOW EVENTS................................................................. 74

Interfaces....................................................................................................................................... 75 Action Listener ............................................................................................................................. 77

Registering Components with ActionListeneter ............................................................. 78 What's the Source of an Event? ................................................................................................. 79 How to Pass Data Between Classes ............................................................................................. 81 Finishing Calculator..................................................................................................................... 83 Some Other Event Listeners....................................................................................................... 89 How to Use Adapters.................................................................................................................... 90 Additional Reading ...................................................................................................................... 91 Practice.......................................................................................................................................... 91 Practice for Smarty Pants............................................................................................................ 91

CHAPTER 7. THE TIC-TAC-TOE APPLET ..................................................... 92

Learning HTML in 15 Minutes................................................................................................... 93 Writing Applets Using AWT ....................................................................................................... 96 How to Write AWT Applets ........................................................................................................ 97 Writing a Tic-Tac-Toe Game ...................................................................................................... 99

The Strategy ............................................................................................................................... 99 The Code .................................................................................................................................. 100 Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 110 Practice........................................................................................................................................ 110 Practice for Smarty Pants.......................................................................................................... 111

CHAPTER 8. PROGRAM ERRORS - EXCEPTIONS........................................ 112

Reading the Stack Trace............................................................................................................ 113 Genealogical Tree of Exceptions ............................................................................................... 114 The keyword throws ................................................................................................................ 117 The Keyword finally .......................................................................................................... 118 The Keyword throw ............................................................................................................... 119 Creating New Exceptions........................................................................................................... 121 Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 123 Practice........................................................................................................................................ 123

Java Programming for Kids, Parents and Grandparents vii Practice for Smarty Pants.......................................................................................................... 123

CHAPTER 9. SAVING THE GAME SCORE ................................................... 124

Byte Streams ............................................................................................................................... 124 Buffered Streams........................................................................................................................ 127 Command-Line Arguments....................................................................................................... 129 Reading Text Files ...................................................................................................................... 132 Class File .................................................................................................................................. 135 Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 137 Practice........................................................................................................................................ 137 Practice for Smarty Pants.......................................................................................................... 138

CHAPTER 10. MORE JAVA BUILDING BLOCKS ......................................... 139

Working with Date and Time Values ....................................................................................... 139 Method Overloading .................................................................................................................. 140 Reading Keyboard Input ........................................................................................................... 143 More on Java Packages.............................................................................................................. 145 Access Levels............................................................................................................................... 148 Getting Back to Arrays ............................................................................................................. 151 Class ArrayList ...................................................................................................................... 154 Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 158 Practice........................................................................................................................................ 158 Practice for Smarty Pants.......................................................................................................... 159

CHAPTER 11. BACK TO GRAPHICS ? THE PING PONG GAME ..................... 160

The Strategy................................................................................................................................ 160 The Code ..................................................................................................................................... 161 Java Threads Basics ................................................................................................................... 169 Finishing Ping Pong Game ........................................................................................................ 175 What to Read Next on Game Programming ............................................................................ 185 Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 186 Practice........................................................................................................................................ 186

Practice for Smarty Pants.......................................................................................................... 186

APPENDIX A. JAVA ARCHIVES - JARS ...................................................... 188

Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 189

APPENDIX B. ECLIPSE TIPS .................................................................... 190

Eclipse Debugger ........................................................................................................................ 191

APPENDIX C. HOW TO PUBLISH A WEB PAGE ......................................... 194

Additional Reading .................................................................................................................... 197 Practice........................................................................................................................................ 197

INDEX.................................................................................................... 198

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