Unit 2 Minerals Rocks and Minerals

Rocks and Minerals

Unit 2 Minerals

Why are minerals important?

Give us insight to Earth's history and development

Essential to Industry- Copper, iron, aluminum

Seen in our daily lives- Mica in toothpaste, talc in makeup, hematite in steel, TV needs silica, iron, copper

What is a mineral?

A mineral is: naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, that has a definite chemical composition, and a crystal structure.

1. Naturally occurring: a. Minerals- quartz, pyrite b. Not minerals- cement, steel

Minerals

2. Inorganic: NOT formed from living things or the remains of living things.

a. Coal is NOT a mineral because it comes from Plants. b. Amber is NOT a mineral because it comes from Sap. c. Pearls are NOT a mineral because it comes from

Oysters.

Definite Chemical Composition- Pg 16 ESRT

Halite

NaCl

Sodium Chloride

1 Sodium/ 1 Chlorine

Quartz Pyrite Hematite Magnetite

SiO2 FeS2 Fe2O3 Fe3O4

Silicone Dioxide Iron Sulfide Iron Oxide Iron Oxide

1 Silicon/ 2 Oxygen 1 Iron/ 2 Sulfur 2 Iron/ 3 Oxygen 3 Iron/ 4 Oxygen

Definite Chemical Composition- Pg 16 ESRT

Calcite

Graphite Diamond Sulfur

CaCO3

C C S

Calcium Carbonate 1 Calcium/ 1 carbon/ 3 oxygen

Carbon

1 carbon

Carbon

1 carbon

Sulfur

1 sulfur

Minerals

4. Solids- have a definite SIZE/VOLUME and a definite SHAPE. Oil is not a mineral because it is a liquid.

5. Crystal Structure: Atoms arranged in repeating patterns, characteristic geometry of its internal structure of atoms.

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