NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2009

[Pages:73]NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2009

Ministry of Education Government of Pakistan

November, 2009.

Acknowledgements

The Ministry of Education acknowledges the work and input of all provincial and area governments for development of the National Education Policy. In fact the document reflects the commonalities culled from the advice and input of the governments of all the federating units as well as members of civil society, Universities, experts of MoE & provincial/area Education departments, education managers, specialists, academia, teachers, students, parents, and a host of other stakeholders including line ministries, Higher Education Commission (HEC), National Vocational and Technical Education Commission (NAVTEC), Institute for Educational Development- Aga Khan University (IED-AKU), Academy of Educational Planning and Management (AEPAM), Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PM&DC) and Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC).

C O N T E N T S

INTRODUCTION

1

CHAPTER 1

3

NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY: OVERARCHING CHALLENGES & DEFICIENCIES:

THEIR CAUSES AND THE WAY FORWARD

3

1.1 Background

3

1.2 The Demographic Transition

3

1.3 Uniformity and Confidence in Public Education System

3

1.4 Globalization and Competitiveness

5

1.5 Social Exclusion and Social Cohesion

5

1.6 Setting Standards for Education

6

1.7 Dovetailing Government Initiatives

6

1.8 Leveraging International Development Partnerships

7

1.9 Major Deficiencies

7

1.10 Understanding System Deficiencies

7

1.10.1 The Commitment Gap

7

1.10.2 The Implementation Gap

8

1.11 The Way Forward: A Paradigm Shift

8

CHAPTER 2

9

FILLING THE COMMITMENT GAP: SYSTEM VALUES, PRIORITIES AND RESOURCES 9

2.1 Educational Vision and Performance

9

2.2 A Reaffirmation of Educational Vision

9

2.3 Aims and Objectives

10

2.4 Overarching Priorities: Widening Access and Raising Quality

11

2.5 Mobilising Resources for Education

13

CHAPTER 3

15

FILLING THE IMPLEMENTATION GAP: ENSURING GOOD GOVERNANCE

15

3.1 Developing a Whole-of-Sector View

15

3.2 Ensuring Policy Coherence

15

3.3 Overcoming Fragmented Governance

16

3.4 Bridging the Public-Private Divide

17

3.5 Overcoming Structural Divides

19

3.6 Building Management and Planning Capacity

21

3.7 Getting the Community Involved

22

CHAPTER 4

23

ISLAMIC EDUCATION

23

4.1 Islamic Education: Duty of the Society and the State

23

CHAPTER 5

27

BROADENING THE BASE AND ACHIEVING ACCESS

27

5.1 Early Childhood Education (ECE)

27

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5.2 Elementary Education

28

5.3 Secondary and Higher Secondary Education

28

5.4 Literacy and Non-Formal Learning

30

5.5 Education in Emergencies

32

CHAPTER 6

33

RAISING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION

33

6.1 Improving Teacher Quality

33

6.2 Curriculum Reform

35

6.3 Quality in Textbooks and Learning Materials

37

6.4 Improving Student Assessment

38

6.5 Attaining Standards in the Learning Environment

39

6.6 Co-Curricular and Extra-Curricular Activities

40

6.7 Matching with the Employment Market

41

CHAPTER 7

43

STRENGTHENING SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION

43

7.1 Technical Education and Vocational Training

43

7.2 Possible Strategies

45

CHAPTER 8

47

HIGHER EDUCATION

47

8.1 Challenges

47

8.2 Strategic Vision

48

CHAPTER 9

53

IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

53

9.1 Objective

53

9.2 Policy as a Living Adaptable Document

53

9.3 IPEM to Oversee Progress

54

9.4 Provincial Autonomy and Ownership

55

9.5 Role of Development Partners

55

ANNEX: I

57

THE STATE OF PAKISTAN'S EDUCATION

57

A. Access to Educational Opportunities

57

B. Equity in Education

58

B1. The Gender Dimension

58

B2. The Rural-Urban Divide

59

B3. Provincial and Area Disparities

59

C. Quality of Provision

60

D. The Resource Commitment

62

E. Structure of Education: Public-Private Provision

62

iv

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

AKU Aga Khan University

MTDF

Medium Term Development Framework

B. Ed. Bachelor of Education

NAVTEC

B. Sc. Bachelor of Science

B. A. Dip. Ed

DEO

Bachelor of Arts Diploma in Education District Education Officer

NCHD NEAS NEC NEF

DPI Director of Public Instructions

NEMIS

ECE Early Childhood Education

NEP

EDO Executive District Officer

NEPR

EFA Education for All

NER

EMIS EOY

Educational Management and Information System

End of Year

NFBE NFE

FATA

Federally Administered Tribal Areas

NQF

FMIS FTI

Financial Management Information System

Fast Track Initiative

NWFP OECD

GCI Global Competitive Index

P&P

GDP Gross Domestic Product

PEACE

GER Gross Enrolment Ratio

PEC

GMR Global Monitoring Report

Ph. D.

GoP Government of Pakistan

PISA

GPI Gender Parity Index

PM&DC

HDI HDR

Human Development Index Human Development Report

PMIS PPP

National Vocational & Technical Education Commission National Commission for Human Development National Education Assessment System National Education Census National Education Foundation National Education Management Information System National Education Policy National Education Policy Review Net Enrolment Ratio Non Formal Basic Education

Non- Formal Education

National Qualifications Framework

North West Frontier Province Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Policy and Planning (Wing) Provincial Education Assessment Centre Pakistan Engineering Council Doctor of Philosophy Programme for International Student Assessment Pakistan Medical and Dental Council Personnel Management Information System Public Private Partnerships

v

HEC HIV/ AIDs HRD ICT

ICTs IED

Higher Education Commission

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Human Resource Development

Islamabad Capital Territory

Information Communication Technologies Institute for Educational Development (AKU)

IPEMC

Inter-Provincial Education Ministers' Conference

LGOs Local Government Ordinances

LSBE Life Skills-Based Education

MDA Mid-Decade assessment

MDGs Millennium Development Goals

MoE Ministry of Education

MoSW Ministry of Social Welfare and &SE Special Education

MSP Minimum Standard of Provision

PTA

Parent Teachers Association

PTR

Pupil-Teacher Ratio

R&D SIP

Research and Development School Improvement Plan

SMC

School Management Committee

STEPS

TIMSS TVE UN UNDP UNESCO UPE USAID WB

Students, Teachers, Educationists, Parents and Society

Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study

Technical & Vocational Education

United Nations

United Nations Development Program United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

Universal Primary Education

United States Agency for International Development

World Bank

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