Education Series Volume III

Education Series Volume III:

Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016

THE SOUTH AFRICA I KNOW, THE HOME I UNDERSTAND

STATS SA

STATISTICS SOUTH AFRICA

Education Series Volume III

Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016

Report No. 92-01-03

THE SOUTH AFRICA I KNOW, THE HOME I UNDERSTAND

Statistics South Africa

PJ Lehohla Statistician-General

ii STATISTICS SOUTH AFRICA

Education Series Volume III: Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016/Statistics South Africa

Published by Statistics South Africa, Private bag X44, Pretoria 0001 Statistics South Africa, 2017 Users may apply or process this data provided Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) is acknowledged as the original source of the data; that is specified that the application and/or analysis is the result of the user's independent processing of the data; and that neither the basic data nor any reprocessed version of application thereof may be sold or offered for sale in any form whatsoever without prior permission from Stats SA. Report No. 92-01-03 ISBN: 978-0-621-45114-6 A complete set of Stats SA publications is available at Stats SA Library and the following libraries: National Library of South Africa, Pretoria Division National Library of South Africa, Cape Town Division Natal Society Library, Pietermaritzburg Library of Parliament, Cape Town Bloemfontein Public Library Johannesburg Public Library Eastern Cape Library Services, King William's Town Central Regional Library, Polokwane Central Reference Library, Nelspruit Central Reference Collection, Kimberley Central Reference Library, Mmabatho This report is available on the Stats SA website .za For technical enquiries, please contact: Seble Worku Tel.: 012 3108480 Email: seblew@.za

Education Series Volume III: Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016/Statistics South Africa Report 92-01-03

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Contents

List of figures ............................................................................................................................................. iv List of tables .............................................................................................................................................. vi List of maps ..............................................................................................................................................viii Abbreviations and acronyms ..................................................................................................................... ix Glossary of concepts.................................................................................................................................. x Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................xiii Chapter 1: Introduction...............................................................................................................................1

1.1 Objective of the report ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 The National Development Plan in relation to education outcomes ................................................. 3 1.4 The Sustainable Development Goals and Education 2030 agenda ................................................. 4 1.5 Trends in enrolment..........................................................................................................................5 1.6 Progression ratios...........................................................................................................................10 1.7 Summary and conclusion ............................................................................................................... 14 Chapter 2: Educational output..................................................................................................................15 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 15 2.2 Educational attainment ................................................................................................................... 15 2.3 Literacy ........................................................................................................................................... 35 2.4 Labour market outcomes ................................................................................................................ 43 2.5 Ordered logit analysis ..................................................................................................................... 45 2.5 Summary and conclusion ............................................................................................................... 47 Chapter 3: Access to education ............................................................................................................... 48 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 48 3.2 Enrolment at educational institutions .............................................................................................. 48 3.3 Out-of-school children.....................................................................................................................59 3.4 Enrolment by educational attainment of the household head ......................................................... 64 3.4 Expenditure on education ............................................................................................................... 67 3.5 Estimated duration of schooling......................................................................................................67 3.6 Mode of transport used to go to educational institutions ................................................................ 71 3.7 Summary and conclusion ............................................................................................................... 79 Chapter 4: Intergenerational educational mobility .................................................................................... 80 4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 80 4.2 Participation in post-secondary education by education level of the parents ................................. 80 4.3 Educational attainment by parents' education level........................................................................83 4.4 Pattern of dependence between parents' and children's educational levels .................................. 88 4.5 Levels of association between children's educational levels and demographic and other factors . 89 4.6 Summary and conclusion ............................................................................................................... 92 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 93 Appendix .................................................................................................................................................. 94 References ............................................................................................................................................. 104

Education Series Volume III: Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016/Statistics South Africa Report 92-01-03

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List of figures

Figure 1. 1: Attendance of pre-school, 2002?1015 .............................................................................. 5 Figure 1. 2: Attendance of Grade R and Grade 1, 2010?2015 .......................................................... 6 Figure 1. 3: Attendance of pre-school by children aged 0?4, 2016 ................................................... 6 Figure 1. 4: Distribution of people aged 15 and above who have completed Grade 12 by single age ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 1. 5: Distribution of people aged 15 and above who have completed post-secondary schooling by single age ............................................................................................................................ 8 Figure 1. 6: Number of students enrolled in post-secondary education in a given academic year per 100 000 inhabitants ............................................................................................................................ 9

Figure 2. 1: Educational attainment among individuals aged 25?64 by population group, 2016 ..............16 Figure 2. 2: Educational attainment among individuals aged 25?64 by gender, 2016 ..............................16 Figure 2. 3: Post-secondary educational attainment among individuals aged 25?64 by province, 2016 ..........................................................................................................................................................17 Figure 2. 4: Educational attainment among individuals aged 25?64 by metropolitan municipality, 2016 ..........................................................................................................................................................20 Figure 2. 5: Educational attainment among individuals aged 25?64 by disability status, 2016.................22 Figure 2. 6: Percentage of adults aged 20 and more who attained an upper secondary education by age group and gender, 2016 .....................................................................................................................22 Figure 2. 7: Upper secondary completion rate by population aged 15 and older by province, 2016 ........23 Figure 2. 8: Upper secondary completion rate by population aged 15 and older by population group, 2016 ..........................................................................................................................................................24 Figure 2. 9: Upper secondary completion rate by age, 2016 ....................................................................25 Figure 2. 10: Upper secondary completion rate among individuals aged 25 years and younger by metro and district, 2016.............................................................................................................................26 Figure 2. 11: Upper secondary completion rate among individuals aged 25 years and younger by province, 2016...........................................................................................................................................27 Figure 2. 12: Highest illiteracy rates for adults aged 35?64 by district, 2016 ............................................36 Figure 2. 13: Adult (age 35?64) literacy rates by disability status, 2016 ...................................................38 Figure 2. 14: Distribution of the adult population aged 25?64 by gender, geo-type and literacy status, 2016 ..........................................................................................................................................................40 Figure 2. 15: Highest illiteracy rates for youth aged 15?34 by district, 2016 .............................................41 Figure 2. 16: Distribution of the population aged 15?34 by geo-type, gender and literacy status, 2016...43 Figure 2. 17: Labour force participation and absorption rates by level of education among population aged 15?64, 2015 .....................................................................................................................................44 Figure 3. 1: Gross enrolment rate in ECD, primary, secondary and post-secondary institutions by

province, 2015 ......................................................................................................................48 Figure 3. 2: Percentage attendance at pre-primary, primary, and secondary institutions by institution type, 2016 .................................................................................................................................................50 Figure 3. 3: Current attendance at post-secondary institutions for individuals aged 17?40 by age, 2016 ..........................................................................................................................................................52 Figure 3. 4: Current attendance at post-secondary institutions among individuals aged 17?40 by gender, 2016 .............................................................................................................................................53 Figure 3. 5: Current attendance at post-secondary institutions for individuals aged 17?40 by population group, 2016 .............................................................................................................................54 Figure 3. 6: Percentage of students at post-secondary institutions by type of institution, 2016 ................55

Education Series Volume III: Educational Enrolment and Achievement, 2016/Statistics South Africa Report 92-01-03

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