Office of Missouri State Auditor Nicole Galloway, CPA

Office of Missouri State Auditor

Nicole Galloway, CPA

Missouri Statewide Performance Indicators:

A National Comparison

Report No. 2017-050 June 2017

auditor.

Missouri Statewide Performance Indicators:

A National Comparison

Table of Contents

State Auditor's Letter

2

Statewide Performance Indicators

Economy .................................................................................................. 3-10 Household Median Income: 2015 ................................................................ 4 Job Growth Rate: 2014-2015 ....................................................................... 5 Unemployment Rate: December 2016......................................................... 6 State and Local Tax Revenue as a Percent of Personal Income: 2013 ........ 7 State Cigarette Tax, in Dollars: 2016........................................................... 8 Percent of Population in Poverty: 2015 ....................................................... 9 Percent of Children in Poverty: 2015......................................................... 10

Education ............................................................................................... 11-20 4th Grade Average NAEP Reading Scores: 2015...................................... 12 4th Grade Average NAEP Math Scores: 2015 .......................................... 13 8th Grade Average NAEP Reading Scores: 2015...................................... 14 8th Grade Average NAEP Math Scores: 2015 .......................................... 15 ACT Average Score: 2016......................................................................... 16 Percent of Population with High School Diploma: 2015........................... 17 Percent of Population with Bachelor's Degree: 2015 ................................ 18 Per Pupil State and Local Government Expenditures for Elementary and Secondary Education: 2014 ......................................... 19 Per Capita State Expenditures for Higher Education: 2014....................... 20

Civic Involvement ................................................................................. 21-23 Voter Turnout Rate, Presidential Election: 2016 ....................................... 22 Voter Turnout Rate, Mid-Term Election: 2014 ......................................... 23

Health ..................................................................................................... 24-29 Percent of Population who are Adult Smokers: 2015 ................................ 25 Percent of Population who are Overweight or Obese: 2014 ...................... 26 Teen Birth Rate, Births per 1,000 Women: 2015 ...................................... 27 Percent of Population without Health Insurance: 2015 ............................. 28 Per Capita State Medicaid Expenditures: 2015 ......................................... 29

Crime ..................................................................................................... 30-32 Violent Crime Rate, per 100,000 Inhabitants: 2015 .................................. 31 Property Crime Rate, per 100,000 Inhabitants: 2015................................. 32

Transportation ...................................................................................... 33-36 State Gasoline Tax, in Cents: 2017............................................................ 34 Percent of Roads in Mediocre or Poor Condition: 2013 ............................ 35 Percent of Bridges that are Deficient or Functionally Obsolete: 2014 ...... 36

Page 1

NICOLE GALLOWAY, CPA

Missouri State Auditor

Honorable Eric R. Greitens, Governor and

Members of the General Assembly Jefferson City, Missouri

The objective of this report was to present compiled comparative data on various policy and performance issue areas to:

1. Provide comparative information to Missouri legislators, other elected officials, and citizens.

2. Without comment, or drawing conclusions, allow the comparative data and rankings to stand alone as indicators.

3. Publish the report in a technical format that provides information, and trends when classifiable, without presumptions or findings.

Data collection for this report was performed by the Harry S Truman School of Public Affairs' Institute of Public Policy at the University of Missouri - Columbia.

Many policymakers have found that monitoring performance indicators can provide valuable information regarding policy development, as well as government action. Similar reports conducted elsewhere have been helpful in providing a snapshot as to where states are positioned in relation to each other in critical areas dealing with the economy, health, crime, education, transportation, and civic involvement. Comparative analysis can serve to help measure progress made in relation to others and is becoming increasingly more important for generally establishing the direction states are headed in a variety of policy areas. Also, because statistical information is constantly evolving, updated information can almost always be found from sources drawn upon in this report, as well as from other qualified monitoring sources.

Nicole R. Galloway, CPA State Auditor

The following auditors participated in the preparation of this report:

Director of Audits: Audit Manager: In-Charge Auditor: Staff Auditor:

Kim Spraggs, CPA Dennis Lockwood, CPA Tessa Rusatsi, CPA Stephanie M. Kroner

Page 2

Missouri Statewide Performance Indicators: A National Comparison

Economy

The following indicators were selected to measure the performance of Missouri's economy:

Household Median Income - The median household income is the amount that divides households into two equal groups, one having incomes above that amount and the other having incomes below that amount. The data was reported by the Census Bureau. In 2015, Missouri ranked 36th with a household median income below the national average.

Job Growth Rate - Job growth statistics represent the growth in the number of jobs in the state. The data was reported in State rankings 2016: A Statistical View of America, CQ Press. In 2014-2015, Missouri ranked 35th with a job growth rate below the national average.

Unemployment Rate - Unemployment rate data is obtained by conducting a monthly sample survey called the Current Population Survey (CPS) to measure the extent of unemployment in the country. There are approximately 60,000 occupied households included in the survey. The CPS sample is selected to be representative of the entire population of the United States. The survey is designed so that each person age 16 and over who is neither in an institution (for example, correctional facilities and residential nursing and mental health care facilities) nor on active duty in the Armed Forces is counted and classified in only one group. The civilian labor force is made up of the sum of the employed and the unemployed. The data was reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In December 2016, Missouri ranked 23rd with an unemployment rate better than the national average.

State and Local Tax Revenue as a Percent of Personal Income - The amount of state and local taxes collected, divided by personal income. The data was reported by the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center. In 2013, Missouri ranked 48th with a rate significantly lower than the national average.

State Cigarette Tax - The amount of tax levied, in dollars, by a state on the sale of a pack of cigarettes. The data was reported by the Federation of Tax Administrators. Missouri continues to rank 50th with the lowest cigarette tax in the country and a state cigarette tax rate significantly below the national average.

Percent of Population in Poverty - The percent of the population that has a yearly income below the federal poverty level. The data was reported by the Census Bureau. In 2015, Missouri ranked 29th with a rate slightly above the national average.

Percent of Children in Poverty - The percent of children under age 18 living in a household whose yearly income is below the federal poverty level. The data was reported by the Census Bureau. In 2015, Missouri ranked 28th with a rate slightly less than the national average.

Page 3

Economy

Household Median Income: 2015

Rank

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25

State

Maryland Hawaii Alaska New Jersey Connecticut Massachusetts New Hampshire Virginia California Washington Colorado Minnesota Utah Delaware New York North Dakota Wyoming Illinois Rhode Island Vermont US Average Pennsylvania Texas Wisconsin Nebraska Iowa

Dollars

$75,847 $73,486 $73,355 $72,222 $71,346 $70,628 $70,303 $66,262 $64,500 $64,129 $63,909 $63,488 $62,912 $61,255 $60,850 $60,557 $60,214 $59,588 $58,073 $56,990 $55,775 $55,702 $55,653 $55,638 $54,996 $54,736

Rank

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 45 47 48 49 50

Year

2015 2014 2013

Missouri

Dollars

Rank

$50,238

36

$48,363

36

$46,931

37

Source:

State

Oregon Kansas South Dakota Nevada Maine Arizona Georgia Michigan Ohio Indiana Missouri Montana Florida Oklahoma Idaho North Carolina Tennessee South Carolina Louisiana New Mexico Kentucky Alabama West Virginia Arkansas Mississippi

US Average Dollars

$55,775 $53,657 $52,250

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Dollars

$54,148 $53,906 $53,017 $52,431 $51,494 $51,492 $51,244 $51,084 $51,075 $50,532 $50,238 $49,509 $49,426 $48,568 $48,275 $47,830 $47,275 $47,238 $45,727 $45,382 $45,215 $44,765 $42,019 $41,995 $40,593

Economy

Job Growth Rate: 2014-2015

Rank

1 2 3 4 4 6 7 8 8 10 11 11 13 13 13 13 17 18 18 18

21 22 22 24 24

State

Idaho South Carolina Utah California Florida Washington Oregon Arizona Hawaii Tennessee Georgia South Dakota Kentucky Maryland Massachusetts North Carolina Nevada Colorado Indiana Michigan US Average Rhode Island Delaware New York Arkansas Iowa

Percent

4.4% 3.3% 3.2% 2.9% 2.9% 2.8% 2.7% 2.5% 2.5% 2.3% 2.2% 2.2% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.0% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6%

Rank

24 27 27 27 30 30 30 33 34 35 35 35 38 39 40 40 40 43 44 44 46 47 48 49 50

Year

2014-15 2013-14 2012-13

Missouri

Percent

Rank

0.9%

35

1.6%

22

1.3%

24

State

New Jersey Minnesota Ohio Virginia Maine Nebraska Texas Connecticut Alabama Mississippi Missouri Wisconsin Vermont Pennsylvania Kansas Montana New Hampshire New Mexico Alaska Illinois Oklahoma Louisiana West Virginia Wyoming North Dakota

US Average Percent

1.9% 2.1% 1.6%

Source: State Rankings 2016: A Statistical View of America, CQ Press

Page 5

Percent

1.6% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.3% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.7% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.3% -0.1% -0.1% -0.5% -0.9% -1.5% -2.2% -4.0%

Economy

Unemployment Rate: December 2016

Rank

1 2 2 4 5 5 7 7 9 10 11 12 13 13 15 15 15 18 19 19 21 21 23 23 25 25

State

New Hampshire Massachusetts South Dakota Hawaii Colorado North Dakota Utah Vermont Nebraska Iowa Idaho Maine Arkansas Minnesota Indiana Montana Wisconsin Virginia Kansas Maryland Delaware South Carolina Connecticut Missouri Oregon Texas

Percent

2.6% 2.8% 2.8% 2.9% 3.0% 3.0% 3.1% 3.1% 3.4% 3.6% 3.7% 3.8% 3.9% 3.9% 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% 4.1% 4.2% 4.2% 4.3% 4.3% 4.4% 4.4% 4.6% 4.6%

Rank

27

28 28 28 31 31 31 31 35 35 35 38 38 40 40 42 43 43 45 46 47 48 49 50

Year

2016 2015 2014

Missouri

Percent

Rank

4.4%

23

4.4%

19

5.4%

21

State

New Jersey US Average Arizona Kentucky Wyoming Florida New York Ohio Tennessee Michigan Oklahoma Rhode Island Nevada North Carolina California Washington Georgia Mississippi Pennsylvania Illinois West Virginia Louisiana Alabama New Mexico Alaska

US Average Percent

4.7% 5.0% 5.6%

Source: Page 6

Percent

4.7% 4.7% 4.8% 4.8% 4.8% 4.9% 4.9% 4.9% 4.9% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 5.1% 5.1% 5.2% 5.2% 5.4% 5.6% 5.6% 5.7% 5.9% 6.1% 6.2% 6.6% 6.7%

Economy

State and Local Tax Revenue as a Percent of Personal Income: 2013

Rank

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23 24 25

State

Alaska New York Wyoming Massachusetts New Mexico Hawaii Michigan Montana Wisconsin Minnesota Oregon Maine Vermont Rhode Island Utah Louisiana West Virginia Illinois Iowa US Average Delaware California Pennsylvania New Jersey North Dakota Maryland

Percent

36.40% 13.30% 12.84% 11.29% 11.29% 10.85% 10.61% 10.58% 10.52% 10.32% 10.05% 10.04% 10.03% 9.95% 9.70% 9.63% 9.62% 9.59% 9.56% 9.46% 9.46% 9.36% 9.34% 9.33% 9.30% 9.21%

Rank

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

State

Arizona Oklahoma Nebraska Mississippi South Dakota Georgia Kansas Kentucky South Carolina Connecticut North Carolina Alabama Washington Idaho Texas Colorado Nevada Ohio Indiana Tennessee Virginia Arkansas Missouri Florida New Hampshire

Year

2013 2012 2011

Missouri

Percent

Rank

7.55%

48

8.10%

44

8.32%

46

US Average Percent

9.46% 9.69% 9.93%

Source:

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Percent

9.13% 8.98% 8.93% 8.87% 8.83% 8.79% 8.78% 8.71% 8.67% 8.62% 8.60% 8.39% 8.39% 8.32% 8.15% 8.12% 8.11% 8.10% 8.09% 8.03% 7.97% 7.89% 7.55% 7.15% 6.96%

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