Round Eleven



Round Eleven

Tossups

1. This author wrote about an unlucky youth with the moniker “pot” who is beaten by his mother in “How Much Land Does a Man Need?”, and Nikita murders the illegitimate baby he fathered with his own stepdaughter in his play The Power of Darkness. The title character of his last novel is a Muslim Caucasian warrior who is betrayed by his own chieftain Shamil, and in another novel Pozdnyshev murders his wife after her affair with a violinist. Along with Hadji Murad and The Kreutzer Sonata, he wrote about and a judge, who befriends Gerasim while slowly dying after bruising his side. FTP, name this author who wrote about Pierre Bezukhov and Natasha Rostova in War and Peace.

ANSWER: Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy

2. Nicolas Bailly found no evidence against this military leader born in the Dutchy of Bar, who had captured Auxerre and Troyes and scored a victory over John Fastolf at Patay before being captured at the siege of Compiègne, but Bishop Pierre Cauchon proceeded with this leader’s trial anyway. Before bringing Charles VII to Reims for his coronation, she inspired an unexpected victory at Orlèans. FTP, name this peasant girl burned at the stake for heresy after voices told her to expel the English and lead the French army during the Hundred Years War.

ANSWER: Joan of Arc (accept Jean d’Arc)

3. The palm that his Saint Bibiana holds appears to grow toward the light source in its church. He made busts of Scipione Borghese, Costanza Bonarelli, and Louis XIV and also designed features of the Piazza Barberini and Piazza Navona. He designed the baldachin over the altar, the tomb of the Alexander VII, and the front colonnade of St. Peter’s Basillica, and his The Rape of Proserpina is on display in the Borghese. Creator of the Triton and Four Rivers fountains, this is, FTP, what Baroque artist of the Cornaro chapel, site of his Ecstasy of St. Teresa?

ANSWER: Gianlorenzo Bernini

4. Strong ones are odorless and nonvolatile, while weak ones may have a characteristic odor as they slowly hydrolyze. The ability to form an insoluble one drives many double-replacement reactions. There are both acidic and basic varieties, despite their derivation, based on what happens when they are dissolved in water, and in solution, since they can conduct a current, they are electrolytes. By definition, they are the result of neutralization reactions between an acid and a base. FTP, give the chemical term that in common usage might refer to sodium chloride.

ANSWER: salts

5. He hatched a deal with Robert Moton to gain African-American support to add to his popularity from organizing relief for a Mississippi flood. He had been criticized for sending food to the Soviet Union, but praised for feeding Belgium. As Secretary of Commerce, he chose a part-Native American, Charles Curtis, as his running mate and supported Prohibition. As President, he arranged the construction of Boulder Dam. FTP, identify this president who gave his name to shantytowns erected during the Great Depression before he was defeated by Franklin Roosevelt.

ANSWER: Herbert Hoover

6. This action was proposed by a Jack Benny lookalike and resulted in embarrassment for the “California Kid,” who did not complete it. A parody of it occurred on a dock in the “Motherboy XXX” episode of Arrested Development, a moment less dangerous than the one to which Potsie agreed on behalf of his friend during a trip to Hollywood. Performed wearing a leather jacket and with Richie Cunningham driving the boat, this is, FTP, what stunt performed on Happy Days by Fonzie that has come to mean the moment when a television show’s quality begins to decline?

ANSWER: jumping the shark

7. The first stanza of this poem describes walls and towers which surround “gardens bright with sinuous rills”, and the third stanza features an “Abyssinian maid” playing the dulcimer for the narrator, who hopes others will cry “Beware! His flashing eyes, his floating hair!” The poem mentions “caves of ice” where the title character hears “ancestral voices prophesying war” amidst the echoes of “Alph, the sacred river.” which empties into “caverns measureless to man, down to a sunless sea.” For 10 points, name this Samuel Taylor Coleridge poem about the title character’s “stately pleasure-dome” in Xanadu.

ANSWER: “Kubla Khan”

8. The Carquinez Strait connects San Pablo Bay, an inlet of this body of water, with Suisun Bay. Islands in this body of water include the Castro Islands, Treasure Island, and Yerba Buena Island as well as the site of a notable quarantine and immigration center, Angel Island. The Marin Islands lie in it near Marin County, but the most famous of its islands, once home to Robert Stroud and Al Capone, is Alcatraz. Connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Golden Gate, this is, FTP, what bay that shares its name with the largest city of northern California?

ANSWER: San Francisco Bay

9. Catecholamines induce it to up-regulate AMPA receptors in the hippocampus, increasing long-term potentiation and possibly enhancing memory. Inhibition of rectal contractions accompanies glycogenlysis in the liver. Its pre-ganglionic motor neurons arise in the spinal cord and link to parallel chains of ganglia that enervate various internal organs and glands. Increased blood pressure, inhibited peristalsis, and a dilated respiratory tract are associated with, FTP, activation of which branch of the automatic nervous system that stimulates the “fight or flight” response?

ANSWER: sympathetic nervous system (or SNS)

10. He talked about the time he stole a load of pears to feed some pigs, but more famously supported infant baptism. He believed that lust existed in thought and not action, and wrote “another’s lust cannot pollute thee” to the virgins who were raped during the sack of Rome by the Visigoths in 410, a tragedy that prompted him to write about the separation of heavenly and temporal affairs in City of God. A proponent of original sin, he discussed his sinful youth and conversion to Christianity in Confessions. FTP, name this Christian thinker who was bishop of Hippo.

ANSWER: St. Augustine of Hippo (accept Aurelius Augustinus)

11. This dynasty sheltered Pirooz, the heir of the last Sassanid Emperor, and was later defeated by Ziyad ibn Salih at the Battle of Talas. It was interrupted by the rise of Gaozong’s consort, Wu Zetian, and again during the reign of Xuanzong after the promotion of Yang Guozhong inspired an obese Sogdian to sack Luoyang and set up the Yan Dynasty in Chang’an. Known for the poetry of Li Bai and Du Fu as well as the An Lushan Rebellion, this is, FTP, what Chinese dynasty of the seventh-through-tenth centuries that eclipsed the Han and Sui?

ANSWER: Tang Dynasty

12. A study by Daniel Hopkins placed the year of its disappearance at 1996, but Blair Levin wrote an op-ed to claim that it never actually existed and a study by the University of Washington claimed that this year saw it in reverse. It was named for the foe of George Deukmejian, it also affected Harvey Gantt, Harold Washington, and Jesse Jackson. A 1988 study found that it depends on the race of the questioner, and some thought it could explain inaccurate numbers from ARG and Zogby in the 2008 New Hampshire primary. FTP, identify this “effect” in which fears about the social acceptability of prejudice lead white voters to tell pollsters they support a black candidate.

ANSWER: Bradley effect (accept Wilder effect)

13. Harry Burleigh’s “Goin’ Home” is based on this piece’s Largo movement. It features a nine-note leitmotif first heard in the horns, and it is known for its deliberate use of the pentatonic scale. Originally titled “Legend,” the second movement features an English horn solo and portrays a funeral march. That movement was inspired by The Song of Hiawatha, and its other movements incorporate such tunes as “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot.” Czech melodies complement the American influences on, FTP, what symphony written in New York by Antonín Dvořák?

ANSWER: Symphony from the New World (accept New World Symphony or Dvořák’s Symphony No. 9 in E minor)

14. His hall, Svarga, is the destination for dead warriors, and he is called Sakka in the Tipitaka, while in another tradition he is lord of the Vasus and thus called Vasava. He created a set of attendants for himself, the Maruts, when Diti remained pregnant for a century and he struck the fetus with a thunderbolt, creating either seven or forty-nine offspring. Famous for defeating Vritra, this King of the Devas loves drinking soma and is the father of Arjuna. FTP, identify this Vedic storm god.

ANSWER: Indra

15. This novel’s protagonist says her name is “Lu” when approached by Amy, and she is reunited with her mother-in-law and sons Howard and Buglar with the help of Stamp Paid. The disappearance of Here Boy coincides with the arrival of this novel’s title character, who leaves after the protagonist does not kill Mr. Bodwin, whom she had mistaken for Schoolmaster. Schoolmaster had been in charge of Sweet Home, where Paul D. and Baby Suggs had lived. Denver’s sister is murdered at 124 Bluestone Road by Sethe in, FTP, what novel by Toni Morrison?

ANSWER: Beloved

16. Their force fields have nonzero curl because they cannot be represented as the gradient of a scalar field. For the same reason, the path integral of one of these forces around a circle is nonzero. The work they do is equal to the change in mechanical energy. They arise from neglecting some of a system's degrees of freedom by using statistical methods, since a molecular analysis would never find energy to be “lost” as heat. FTP, name these forces, such as drag and friction, that depend on path.

ANSWER: non-conservative forces

17. The Yellow Fleet remained trapped in this body of water for eight years, while one American ship remained trapped in nearby Lake Timsah, although the right of navigation in it was guaranteed by the Convention of Constantinople. The Battle of Jebel Heitan, a controversial victory for Ariel Sharon, was the bloodiest incident in its eponymous crisis, which ended when Britain, France, and Israel halted their invasion of Egypt after its nationalization. Running from Port Said to its namesake gulf, this is, FTP, what waterway that links the Mediterranean and Red Seas?

ANSWER: Suez Canal (accept Qanat Suways)

18. The Steiner-Lehmus theorem states that if the lengths of two of these are equal in any triangle, then the triangle is isosceles. They can be easily constructed by connecting a vertex of the triangle to the midpoint of the minor arc connecting the other two vertices on the circumcircle. Their namesake theorem relates the ratio in which they cut the opposing side with the ratios of two sides of the triangle. Their external versions intersect at the excenters, while their internal versions intersect at the incenter. FTP, name these lines that divide the corners of a triangle in half.

ANSWER: angle bisector

19. One author from this country wrote “Diary of a Madman” in A Call to Arms, but is more famous for The True Story of Ah Q. Another author from this country created a street urchin who uses his skill at a form of soccer to become prime minister and attack 108 men hiding near a rugged mountain. Another novel from this country features a boy who prefers opera to studying the Four Books, while another work details the exploits of Cao Cao. FTP, identify this country that has produced Water Margin, Dream of the Red Chamber and Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

ANSWER: China

20. This philosopher wrote the introduction to Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth as well as The Transcendance of the Ego and What Is Literature? One of his characters was looking at the roots of a chestnut tree when he realized that “the essential thing is contingency,” but that character had to stop writing a history of the Marquis de Rollebon because he could not pick up a piece of paper. In addition to Roquentin, he also created Estelle, Inez, and Garcin, who discover that “hell is other people.” FTP, name this Frenchman who wrote Nausea and No Exit.

ANSWER: Jean-Paul Sartre

Bonuses

1. His play Amphitryon depicts the seduction of Alcmena by Jupiter and ends with the birth of Hercules.  For ten points each –

(10) Name this Roman comic playwright who also wrote The Pot of Gold.

ANSWER: Titus Maccius Plautus

(10) This Plautus play directly inspired Shakespeare's Comedy of Errors.  It involves a set of twins and a lot of mistaken identity.

ANSWER: The Twin Menaechmi (or The Two Menaechmuses)

(10) Plautus was heavily influenced by this style of Athenian comedy typified by Menander.  It broke with an earlier style of political satire and focused on love and stock characters.

ANSWER: New Comedy (or nea)

2. After journeying down the Ohio River, he captured Kaskaskia on July 4, 1778 and Cahokia less than a week later. For ten points each –

(10) Identify this Revolution-era adventurer, the brother of a surveyor sent west by Jefferson.

ANSWER: George Rogers Clark

(10) In 1779, Clark partnered with Italian fur trader Francesco Vigo to capture this Indiana town on the Wabash River.

ANSWER: Vincennes

(10) Clark lived for much of his life in this state, whose militia he served in alongside Daniel Boone and others who had settled it via the Wilderness Road.

ANSWER: Kentucky

3. His work helped develop the idea of cultural relativism, as a synthesis of many of his principles, and he wrote the essay “The Study of Geography” about the distinction between physical and historical science. For ten points each –

(10) Identify this father of American anthropology,

ANSWER: Franz Boas

(10) Name his most famous work, in which he exposited the autonomy of variables like language and culture, suggesting that none ought to be understood in terms of the others. Despite its title, there aren’t really implications of white superiority within the text.

ANSWER: The Mind of Primitive Man

(10) This author of Their Eyes Were Watching God studied under Boas.

ANSWER: Zora Neale Hurston

4. It may be calculated by the ratio of energy gained per unit charge; it therefore has units of volts and is often thought of as an induced voltage. For ten points each –

(10) Identify this quantity, produced by batteries and thermocouples. In one situation, Lenz's law gives its direction, and a counter- one is sometimes produced.

ANSWER: emf (or electromotive force; or electromotance)

(10) According to a certain law, the emf is proportional to the time derivative of the flux of this. Measured in webers, that flux is equal to the scalar product of the area vector and the vector associated with this.

ANSWER: magnetic field

(10) This law gives the emf induced by that magnetic flux.

ANSWER: Faraday’s law of induction

5. His friend grows up as a wild man, only becoming civilized after having sex with a prostitute, Shamat. For ten points each:

(10) Identify this king of Uruk, said to be two thirds god and one third human. One of his early adventures involves a trip to the Cedar Forest; later on, he tries to become immortal but cannot.

ANSWER: Gilgamesh

(10) Identify that friend, a savage who wrestles with him and subsequently becomes his companion. Together, they defeat Humbaba.

ANSWER: Enkidu

(10) After Enkidu’s death, the traumatized Gilgamesh seeks out this man, who had earlier survived a great flood, to ask him the secret of his immortality. Gilgamesh fails to meet his challenge to stay awake for a week.

ANSWER: Utnapishtim (or Uta-Napishti)

6. Name these works by Oscar Wilde for ten points each.

(10) This play ends with the marriages of Algernon and Cecily, and Jack and Gwendolyn after Lady Bracknell learns that Miss Prism accidentally left Jack in a bag in the cloakroom of Victoria Station.

ANSWER: The Importance of Being Earnest

(10) The title character of this work is almost caught with Lord Darlington, but Mrs. Erlynne pretends to have taken the title object to protect her.

ANSWER: Lady Windermere’s Fan

(10) In this work, Robert Chiltern is blackmailed by Mrs. Cheveley when she returns with the knowledge that he illicitly sold secrets when he was young.

ANSWER: An Ideal Husband

7. Its first movement progresses from an Adagio to an “”allegro non troppo” and includes a noted sextuple piano bassoon solo. For ten points each –

(10) Name this symphony in B minor, its composer’s sixth and final, whose final movement features a triple forte drum roll before the return of the “desperation” theme.

ANSWER: Pathetique

(10) Pathetique is the final symphony of this composer, who wrote The Nutcracker.

ANSWER: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

(10) Tchaikovsky was heavily influenced by Glinka’s use of Ukrainian folk songs in Kamarinskaya while composing this second symphony in C minor, which features variations of “The Crane” in its final movement.

ANSWER: Little Russian Symphony

8. When this man came to power, he levied a tax known as “la decima.” For ten points each –

(10) Name this Catholic mystic and reformist preacher who briefly seized control of Florence in the 1490s.

ANSWER: Girolama Savonarola

(10) Savonarola seized power from this longtime ruling family of Florence in the wake of Charles VIII’s invasion.

ANSWER: Medici

(10) In 1497, Savonarola held this public ceremony where masks, paintings, books, and other sinful objects were burned in the city plaza.

ANSWER: Bonfire of the Vanities (or il Falo delle Vanita)

9. The highest value for this is most commonly attributed to fluorine, at close to four, and the lowest to francium, at zero point seven. For ten points each –

(10) Idcentify this quantity, a measure of the degree to which atoms attract electrons through a bond.

ANSWER: electronegativity

(10) The most common scale for electronegativity is this one, which is all based relative to hydrogen.

ANSWER: Pauling scale

(10) The Mullikan scale, sometimes called absolute electronegativity, is a common alternative to Pauling's model and treats electronegativity as the average of the electron affinity and the first value of this quantity, the energy needed to remove an electron from an atom.

ANSWER: ionization energy

10. Hanafi and Maliki are two schools of thought for its interpretation. For ten points each –

(10) Identify this form of Islamic religious law that can be analyzed through fiqh.

ANSWER: shari’a

(10) After the Qur’an, the second most important source for analyzing shari’a is these sayings of the Prophet Muhammad that comprise the sunna.

ANSWER: hadiths (accept ahadith)

(10) According to shari’a, Christians and Jews must pay this poll tax to continue to reside in a Muslim-controlled territory.

ANSWER: jizyah

11. Its most recent election saw its president win reelection over the Orange Democratic Movement. For ten points each–

(10) Identify this nation with capital Nairobi, where accusations of electoral fraud led to riots which led to UN intervention which led to the revival of the office of prime minister.

ANSWER: Kenya

(10) This politician won re-election despite allegations of fraud.

ANSWER: Mwai Kibaki

(10) This man, Kibaki’s opponent, represented the Orange Democratic Movement and became Kenya’s new Prime Minister.

ANSWER: Raila Amollo Odinga

12. Answer some questions about the more interesting half of calculus, integration, for ten points each.

(10) This technique employs the acronym LIATE (lee-AH-tay), which indicates that the best choice for a u is a logarithmic function. It allows you to integrate the product of two functions.

ANSWER: integration by parts

(10) Usually used with rational functions, this technique decomposes a complicated function into the sum of two simpler function. The resulting integral is usually the sum of two logarithms.

ANSWER: partial fractions

(10) This is the name given to the integral taught in the typical single-variable calculus course. It arises by partitioning the function's domain into infinitesimal chunks and taking the infinite sum of the resulting rectangles.

ANSWER: Riemann integral (or Riemannian integral)

13. This man almost involved his country in the so-called “Beagle War” against his neighbor, Argentine dictator Rafael Jose Videla. For ten points each –

(10) Name this right-wing Chilean dictator who ruled from 1973 to 1990.

ANSWER: Augusto Pinochet

(10) Pinochet came to power in a CIA-sponsored coup against this Socialist, who had been elected President of Chile in 1970.

ANSWER: Salvador Allende

(10) In the 1970’s, Pinochet, Videla, and other right-wing dictators in South America joined together in this operation, which saw them cooperate to stamp out leftist groups all over the continent.

ANSWER: Operation Condor

14. At one point, the speaker cries out against “Moloch! Moloch! Nightmare of Moloch! Moloch the loveless! Mental Moloch!,” and it closes by reaffirming to Carl Solomon that “I'm with you in Rockland.” For ten points each:

(10) Identify this poem, which opens by declaring that the persona “saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness.”

ANSWER: “Howl”

(10) This author of “Sunflower Sutra” is most famous for “Howl.”

ANSWER: Allen Ginsburg

(10) Ginsburg makes many references in Howl to people like Neal Cassady, who, like Carl Solomon were important to this fifties literary and cultural movement.

ANSWER: Beat Generation (or Beatniks)

15. One head of government of this nation, Harold Holt, went swimming and disappeared, while another, Robert Menzies, gave a speech referring to the middle class as the “forgotten people.” For ten points each –

(10) Name this country.

ANSWER: Australia

(10) After a 1997 federal report entitled Bringing Them Home recommended that the Australian government formally apologize to Aboriginal peoples for forcibly separating children from their families, this Liberal prime minister refused to apologize.

ANSWER: John Howard

(10) This current Australian prime minister issued the formal apology in 2008.

ANSWER: Kevin Rudd

16. Answer these questions about pointillism for ten points each.

(10) Pointillism is perhaps most commonly associated with the work of this French painter of Le Chahut and Bathers at Asnieres.

ANSWER: Georges-Pierre Seurat

(10) Seurat’s best known work is this painting, depicting a grand scene of many people relaxing in a park. Most of the people in the midground are wearing red, while everyone in the foreground is in shadow.

ANSWER: Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

(10) This other pointillist is best known for his Portraitt of Felix Feneon.

ANSWER: Paul Signac

17. For ten points each, identify these cities in the Balkans.

(10) Serbian president Boris Tadic, like former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosovic, runs his country from this capital city.

ANSWER: Belgrade

(10) World War I was triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in this city on the Miljacka River.

ANSWER: Sarajevo

(10) A recent declaration of independence proclaimed this majority Albanian city the capital of an independent Kosovo.

ANSWER: Pristina

18. Answer some questions about the process of mitosis, for ten points each.

(10) Cells spend the majority of the time in this phase, which consists of three sub-phases: G1, S, and G2.

ANSWER: interphase

(10) In this phase of cell replication, the sister chromatids, which had lined up at the middle of the cell, begin to separate and move towards opposite ends of the spindle.

ANSWER: anaphase

(10) These molecules have a class of related kinases which phosphorylate proteins on serine and threonine residues. The best known are given the letters D, A, and E, and they promote the synthesis of proteins that assemble the mitotic spindle.

ANSWER: cyclins

19. Whatever the Sex Pistols might have you believe, anarchy isn’t just for the UK. For ten points each –

(10) This philosopher’s best known work includes a critique of state of nature theory and is entitled “Anarchy, State, and Utopia.”

ANSWER: Robert Nozick

(10) Nozick would probably actually identify with this school of political philosophy, which suggests that people ought to enjoy economic and social freedoms as extensive as possible, so long as they do not infringe on those of others.

ANSWER: libertarianism (accept word forms)

(10) Critical to Nozick’s argument is the idea of these, such as the right to freedom of speech. They contrast with the idea of a “right” to restrict people from smoking in public so that you can breathe air. While these do not restrict other people’s freedoms, their counterparts do.

ANSWER: positive rights

20. Vasudeva helps this man, the title character, find enlightenment. For ten points each –

(10) Identify this novel, whose title character leaves home one day in search of nirvana. Instead, it mostly only do other companions like Govinda and Kemala.

ANSWER: Siddhartha

(10) This author of Siddhartha also wrote Steppenwolf.

ANSWER: Hermann Hesse

(10) Hesse is also famous for this novel, which centers on the titular intellectual activity, which Joseph Knecht comes to master.

ANSWER: The Glass Bead Game (or Magister Ludi)

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