Ad hoc modification



HU2702: Study Questions for Exam 1 (Fall, 2006)

Define, Explain, Describe, Identify

act utilitarianism

actual rule utilitarianism

applied ethics

axiological

bad

Butler, Joseph

consequentialist

cultural relativism

deontological

Dependency thesis

descriptive judgment

Divine Command

Theory

ethical absolutism

ethical egoism

ethical relativism

ethical universalism

extreme relativism

extrinsic value

fundamental rule of

morality

good

happiness

hedonism

hedonistic utilitarianism

ideal rule utilitarianism

ideal utilitarianism

immoral

intrinsic value

macro ethics

metaethics

micro ethics

monism

moral judgment

moral legalism

moral nihilism

moral particularism

moral psychology

moral skepticism

nonconsequentialism

nonmoral

normative ethics

normative judgment

obligation

pleasure

pluralism

prescriptive judgment

psychological egoism

right

rights

rule utilitarianism

teleological

theory of intrinsic value

theory of moral

obligation

theory of moral right

and wrong

unethical

utilitarian theory of

moral right/wrong

value judgment

voluntary

wrong

Discussion

1. Can there be conflicts between moral standards and nonmoral standards of conduct? Why or why not? If you believe that such conflicts can occur, give an example. What should an individual do if he/she must choose between moral and nonmoral standards? Why? Be specific.

2. Compare and contrast cultural relativism, ethical universalism, and ethical absolutism. Exactly how are they alike? Exactly how do they differ? Be specific. What are the main arguments for and against cultural relativism? What are the main arguments for and against ethical universalism? Which arguments do you find more convincing? Why? Be specific.

3. What is the connection between ethical relativism and tolerance of the ethical beliefs of other people and other cultures? Are ethical relativists necessarily more tolerant than ethical universalists? Why or why not? Be specific. (Be sure you take the discussion of these questions in your textbook into account.)

4. Give examples of the following categories of theories of moral right and wrong. You may make up your own examples if you wish:

A. axiological, consequentialist

B. axiological, nonconsequentialist

C. deontological, consequentialist

D. deontological, nonconsequentialist

E. teleological, nonconsequentialist

Explain why each theory exemplifies its type. Be specific.

5. What are the main differences between theories of moral obligation and theories of intrinsic value? How are the two kinds of theories related to each other? Explain. Be specific.

6. Compare and contrast ethical egoism and psychological egoism? Which of the two is a theory of moral obligation? What are the main connections between the two? Be specific.

7. What are the main arguments for and against psychological egoism? Which argument is more convincing, in your view? Why? Be specific.

8. What are the main arguments for and against ethical egoism? Which argument is the more convincing, in your view? Why? Be specific.

9. What are act utilitarian theories of moral obligation? Describe two types of act utilitarian theories. Be specific. What are the main arguments for and against act utilitarianism? Which argument do you find more convincing? Why? Be specific.

10. What are rule utilitarian (RU) theories of moral obligation? Compare and contrast actual rule utilitarianism and ideal rule utilitarianism. Be specific. Which of the two do you find more plausible? Explain. Is rule utilitarianism an improvement over act utilitarianism, in your view? Why or why not? Be specific.

11. What exactly is the Divine Command Theory of moral obligation? What are the main arguments for and against the theory? Which argument do you find more convincing? Why? Be specific. Could one consistently believe in God and yet not accept the Divine Command Theory? Why or why not?

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download