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 Attachment RevisionNameWhat they did / Memorable linkBrazeltonBasic rhythm of reciprocity Meltzoff & Moore2-3 week old imitate hand/face gestures in synchPiaget (A03)Opposition for interactional synchrony → pseudo imitationMurray & Trevarthen (A03)Live feed vs. Video tape of mothers w/2 month old infantsIsabella et al (A03)Individual differences → Attachment type affecting interactionAbravanel & DeYong (A03)Infants 5-12 weeks old could imitate mouth/tongue-like objects Schaffer & Emerson60 infants 5-23 weeks old till age of one → 4 stages of attachments Sagi et al (A03) Cultural bias - Israeli communesLorenz6 goose eggs Harlow8 rhesus monkeys and 2 wire mothersGuiton (A03)Leghorn chicks & yellow glove support imprintingHay & VespoSocial learning theory - modelling & attachment behaviourBowlbyEvolutionary/Monotrophic Maternal deprivation - 44 Juvenile thieves (86% = affectionless, 17% = thieves, 4% = control had frequent separations)Rutter et al (A03)Sensitive rather than critical period for evolutionaryKoluchova (A03)2 Czech twins locked basement for first 7 yearsSroufe (A03)MInnesota parent-child studyAinsworthStrange situation → types A, B & CMain & Solomon (A03)4th Type - ‘Disorganised ’Main & Weston (A03)Child acted differently depending on parent in strange situation studyCooper et al (A03)‘Circle of security’ Van IJzendoorn & Kroonenberg32 studies, 8 countries, 2000+ casesType B most common → 75% = UK vs. 50% = China30% = Japan (more Type C vs. A)35% = W. Germany (more Type A vs. C)Grossmann & GrossmannStrange situation in Germany high insecurely attached TakahashiStrange situation in Japan, 0% avoidant, 32% resistantTronick et alEfe tribe in ZaireSkodak & SkeelsIQ increase by 30 points, institutionalised rehoused w/adultsJ. Bifulco (A03)25% of women maternally deprived = Depressed (greater if before 6 yrs) Radke - Yarrow (A03)55% of infants w/depressed mum = insecurely attached Rutter & Songua-BarkeERA → disinhibited attachments 26.1% = adopted after 6 months, 8.9% = adopted before 6 months, 3.8% = British control groupLeMare & AudetCanadian study w/Romanian adoptees physically smaller, caught up by 10Zeanah et alRomanian adoptees institutionalised (90% of life) = disinhibited vs. control RomanianQuinton Poor parenting if mothers had been institutionalized Singer et al (A03)RWA: push for adoptions to be before 6 monthsHazan & Shaver‘Love Quiz’ → positive correlation w/ attachment type and love experienceSimpson et al (A03)Assessed attachment at age 1, longitudinal finding type B by age 16 to have higher social competence ................
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