Cancer in Virginia - Virginia Department of Health

Table of Contents

I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Table 1.1: Selected Cancer Sites Incidence Data for Virginia and U.S. ..................................................... 6 Table 1.2: Selected Cancer Sites Mortality Data for Virginia and U.S....................................................... 6

II. Data and Methods........................................................................................................................................ 8 III. All Sites Cancer............................................................................................................................................ 9

All Sites Cancer Overview.......................................................................................................................... 9 Table 3.1: All Sites Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ............................ 9 Table 3.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? All Sites, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ..................... 10 Chart 3.1: All Sites Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013......................................11 Map 3.1: All Sites Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 .............................................. 12 Map 3.2: All Sites Cancer Mortality Rate by Health District, 2009-2013 ................................................ 12 IV. Breast Cancer (Female) ............................................................................................................................. 13 Breast Cancer (Female) Overview...........................................................................................................13 Table 4.1: Breast Cancer (Female) Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ............. 14 Table 4.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Breast (Female), Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ........ 15 Chart 4.1: Breast Cancer (Female) Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013.........................16 Map 4.1: Breast Cancer (Female) Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 ................................. 17 Map 4.2: Breast Cancer (Female) Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-2013.................................17 V. Cervical Cancer........................................................................................................................................... 18 Cervical Cancer Overview .......................................................................................................................18 Table 5.1: Cervical Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) .......................... 19 Table 5.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Cervical, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ..................... 20 Chart 5.1: Cervical Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013 ..................................... 21 Map 5.1: Cervical Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 .............................................. 22 Map 5.2: Cervical Cancer Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 .............................................. 22 VI. Colorectal Cancer ...................................................................................................................................... 23 Colorectal Cancer Overview....................................................................................................................23 Table 6.1: Colorectal Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ...................... 24 Table 6.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Colorectal, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ................. 25 Chart 6.1: Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013..................................26 Map 6.1: Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 .......................................... 27

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Map 6.2: Colorectal Cancer Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-2013...........................................27 VII. Lung Cancer ............................................................................................................................................. 28

Lung Cancer Overview ............................................................................................................................28 Table 7.1: Lung Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013)...............................29 Table 7.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Lung, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) .......................... 30 Chart 7.1: Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013 .......................................... 31 Map 7.1: Lung Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 ................................................... 32 Map 7.2: Lung Cancer Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 ................................................... 32 VIII. Melanoma .............................................................................................................................................. 33 Melanoma Cancer Overview...................................................................................................................33 Table 8.1: Melanoma Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ..................... 34 Table 8.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Melanoma, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ................ 35 Chart 8.1: Melanoma Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013.................................36 Map 8.1: Melanoma Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 ......................................... 37 Map 8.2: Melanoma Cancer Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-2013..........................................37 IX. Oral Cavity Cancer ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Oral Cavity Cancer Overview...................................................................................................................38 Table 9.1: Oral cavity Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ..................... 39 Table 9.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Oral, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ........................... 40 Chart 9.1: Oral Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013 ........................................... 41 Map 9.1: Oral Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-20131...................................................42 Map 9.2: Oral Cavity Cancer Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-20132 ........................................ 42 X. Ovarian cancer ........................................................................................................................................... 43 Ovarian Cancer Overview........................................................................................................................43 Table 10.1: Ovarian Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ........................ 44 Table 10.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Ovarian, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ................... 45 Chart 10.1: Ovarian Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013.................................... 46 Map 10.1: Ovarian Cancer Incidence Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 ............................................ 47 Map 10.2: Ovarian Cancer Mortality Rates by Health District, 2009-2013 ............................................ 47 XI. Prostate Cancer......................................................................................................................................... 48 Prostate Cancer Overview.......................................................................................................................48 Table 11.1: Prostate Cancer Data by Race and Sex, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) ....................... 49 Table 11.2: Cancer Data by Health District ? Prostate, Incidence & Mortality (2009-2013) .................. 50

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Chart 11.1: Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates by Year, 2004-2013................................... 51 Map 11.1: Prostate Cancer Incidence Rate by Health District, 2009-2013.............................................52 Map 11.2: Prostate Cancer Mortality Rate by Health District, 2009-2013 ............................................. 52 XII. Appendices .............................................................................................................................................. 53 Appendix A: Local Health District Map ...................................................................................................53 Appendix B: Localities in Local Health Districts ......................................................................................54 Appendix C: Glossary ..............................................................................................................................55

Suggested citation: Virginia Department of Health. Cancer in Virginia: Overview and Selected Statistics. Richmond, VA. October 2016.

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I. Introduction

Cancer in Virginia documents the burden of cancer incidence and mortality in Virginia. The report covers the years 2009?2013 for both incidence statistics mortality statistics of the following cancers: cervix, colorectal, female breast, lung, melanoma of the skin, oral, ovarian, and prostate.

The information also includes an overview of incidence by sex, race, and stage at diagnosis, and of mortality by sex and race. Case counts, rates, and percentages appear throughout the report. Charts display incidence and mortality trends by year, and the accompanying text discusses these trends in more detail. Each section has two maps; one displays incidence and the other displays mortality. These maps provide visual comparisons by health district. Appendices provide additional information of the geographical distribution of local health districts and a glossary

The cancers represented in this report are some of the most common cancers. These cancers were selected because they occur often or are targets of efforts to screen and control, or prevent them. Female breast cancer and prostate cancer are the two most commonly diagnosed cancers in women and men, respectively. Lung cancer and colorectal cancer are the next most common cancers and affect every segment of the population. Cervical cancer is an example of successful prevention and control policies; screening can detect it and timely vaccination can prevent the majority of cases. For most cancers, large differences exist between White and African-American rates and between male and female rates. The differences highlight targets for prevention and control activities. Melanoma of the skin is a cancer that people often can prevent through simple steps to reduce risk. Practicing sun safety and being cautious about other ultra-violet (UV) light sources, such as tanning beds, are behaviors that reduce risk. The oral cancer age-adjusted incidence rate rose over the past ten years. Annual dental exams and screenings can help to detect abnormalities in the mouth. Ovarian cancer is more often diagnosed at a later stage than other cancers in this group. The reason is that ovarian cancer may develop without symptoms apparent to the patient until the disease is advanced. No ovarian cancer screening test exists; this fact also increases the likelihood of diagnosis at a later stage. Changes in screening guidelines for prostate cancer that have occurred between 2004 and 2013 affected the measured incidence rate.

The tables that follow rank Virginia and National cancer incidence and mortality by rate, which is the number of cases per 100,000 population. The rates are age-adjusted, which allows populations to be compared when age profiles are different. The tables rank cancers selected for this report against other common cancer types. The tables also rank gender-specific cancers separately.

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