Chapter 13 -- Slavery and the Old South



Chapter 11SLAVERY AND THE OLD SOUTH1800–1860Chapter SummaryChapter 11 explores the society and culture of the antebellum American South, focusing on slaveholding as the unifying characteristic in this otherwise diverse region. Among the issues discussed in this chapter are the cultural, social, and economic distinctions between the Upper South and the Lower South, the characteristics of slave life and culture, the divisions in free white Southern society, and the emerging proslavery arguments used by white Southerners to defend the institution of slavery.I.The Lower SouthA.Cotton and SlavesThe Profits of Slavery1.The slave trade2.Urban slavery3. Industrial slaveryII.The Upper SouthA Period of Economic Adjustment1.Growing urbanizationB.The Decline of SlaveryIII.Slave Life and CultureA.Work Routines and Living Conditions1.Diet and housing2.Working conditionsB.Families and ReligionC.ResistanceIV.Free SocietyThe Slaveholding MinorityLarge planters2.Planters’ wives3.Small slaveholdersB.The White MajorityC.Free Black PeopleV.The Proslavery ArgumentA.Religious ArgumentsB.Racial ArgumentsVI.ConclusionLearning ObjectivesAfter a careful examination of Chapter 11, students should be able to answer the following:1.How did the increasing demand for cotton shape the development of slavery in the Lower South?2.What caused the decline of slavery after 1800 in the Upper South?3.What was life like for African American slaves in the first half of the nineteenth century?4.How was free society in the South structured?5.How did the southern defense of slavery change between the early nineteenth century and the 1850s?Chapter 11: Slavery and the Old South, 1800–1860Multiple ChoiceTHE LOWER SOUTHBefore 1800, slavery was associated with all of the following cash crops EXCEPT:Which of the following is NOT a state in the Lower South?Which of the following is NOT a state in the Upper South?What percentage of the white southern population belonged to the plantation-owning class?The most-valued slaves in the slave market of 1815–1850 were male field hands and:A particularly cruel aspect of the internal slave trade was that it:All of the following statements about urban slavery are true EXCEPT:Southern planters believed that the system of slavery would be weakened by:THE UPPER SOUTHIn the period 1800–1840, the Upper South experienced all of the following trends EXCEPT:In 1860, corn was most likely to be grown in:In 1860, tobacco was an important crop in:Marl was used in the attempt to:SLAVE LIFE AND CULTUREAll of the following statements about slave codes are true EXCEPT:The general health of slaves included all of the following factors EXCEPT:The housing of slaves revealed that:One of the biggest differences between the life conditions of slaves and poor whites was:Slave owners commonly used all of the following incentives to motivate hard work EXCEPT:Roughly one-third of slave marriages were:Slaves followed West African customs in all of the following ways EXCEPT:Slaves who converted to Christianity discovered:The plan for a huge slave rebellion in Charleston, South Carolina failed when:The first large-scale plan of slave rebellion was led by:Over sixty whites in Virginia were killed in a rebellion led by:All of the following statements about Nat Turner are true EXCEPT:It was difficult for American slaves to mount armed rebellions for reasons including:Which religious group was largely involved in beginning the Underground Railroad?FREE SOCIETYFree blacks made up approximately ___ percent of southern free families in 1860.a.3____________ were the wealthiest class in America in 1860.Which statement about the wives of southern planters is NOT true?What percentage of southern white families did NOT own slaves in 1860?Yeoman farmers of the Lower South:Which statement about southern whites without property or slaves is NOT true?All of the following statements about black codes are true EXCEPT:Most free blacks in the South lived in:In the late 1850s, several southern states sought to:THE PRO-SLAVERY ARGUMENTSectional tensions over slavery increased when:By the 1850s, southern planters felt threatened regarding slavery for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:ChronologyIn 1808, the United States Congress:Which event happened first?a.Texas admitted as a slave stateb.Congress banned the African slave tradec.Virginia’s legislature considered gradual emancipationd.Eli Whitney invented the cotton ginIn what year did Nat Turner lead a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia?Which of the following happened last?a.Britain abolishes the slave tradeb.slavery divides some churches into separate sectionsc.publication of The Impending Crisis in the Southd.Florida admitted to the UnionShort EssaysWhy did slavery not exist in the mountainous regions of the South?Describe the three-tiered hierarchy of race that existed in the South.What factors made it almost impossible for American slaves to stage an armed rebellion?Describe the responsibilities and lifestyle of women who were married to plantation owners.Which slaves were regarded as most valuable on the slave market, and why?Extended EssaysWhat conditions personified the typical lifestyle of a plantation slave?In what ways did slaves nurture the survival of West African culture as a part of their African-American culture?What profound changes in slavery occurred in the period 1815–1860? What were the causes and consequences of these shifts?What changes occurred in the southern economy in the first half of the nineteenth century? What factors accounted for these changes?How did southern whites attempt to defend slavery and reconcile it with their Christian beliefs? Why did they feel compelled to express these defenses? ................
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