Chapter 6 Period Forces in Motion

[Pages:29]Chapter 6

Name ___________________ Period ______

Forces in Motion

6.1 ? Gravity and Motion Directed Reading Worksheet "Arithmetic with Decimals" WS Self Check p.140 "Falling Fast" WS Section Review p.144 Quiz

6.2 ? Newton's Laws of Motion Directed Reading Worksheet Self Check p.147 "Newton: Force and Motion" WS Section Review p.149 "Momentum" WS Section Review p.153 Quiz

Conclusion exam:

"A Matter of Real Gravity" WS Chapter Review WS Exam

Updated: 02/03/2011

Copyright ? by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 6

Name _______________________________________________ Date ________________ Class______________

CHAPTER

6 DIRECTED READING WORKSHEET

Forces in Motion

As you read Chapter 6, which begins on page 136 of your textbook, answer the following questions. 1. Read the title of the chapter. List three things that you already

know about this subject.

2. Write two questions about this subject that you would like answered by the time you finish this chapter.

3. How does the title of the Start-Up Activity relate to the subject of the chapter?

Section 1: Gravity and Motion (p. 138)

4. Do you agree with what Aristotle might say, that the baseball would land first, then the marble? Explain.

DIRECTED READING WORKSHEETS 41

Name _______________________________________________ Date ________________ Class______________

Chapter 6, continued All Objects Fall with the Same Acceleration (p. 138)

5. Did Galileo prove Aristotle wrong? Explain.

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6. What does 9.8 m/s/s have to do with acceleration?

Air Resistance Slows Down Acceleration (p. 139)

7. Why does a crumpled piece of paper hit the ground before a flat sheet of paper?

8. Air resistance is affected by the

and

of an object.

9. Air resistance matches the

when

the net force equals zero. (acceleration or force of gravity)

10. When a falling object stops

, it has

reached

velocity.

11. If there were no air resistance, hailstones would

a. hit the Earth at velocities near 350 m/s. b. float gently to the ground like snowflakes. c. melt before they hit the ground. d. behave exactly as they do now.

12. A sky diver experiences free fall. True or False? (Circle one.)

13. Free fall occurs because of high air resistance. True or False? (Circle one.)

Orbiting Objects Are in Free Fall (p. 141) 14. An astronaut is weightless in space. True or False? (Circle one.) 42 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Copyright ? by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 6

Name _______________________________________________ Date ________________ Class______________

Chapter 6, continued

15. The shuttle in Figure 7, on page 142, follows the curve of the

Earth's surface as it moves

at a

constant speed. At the same time, it is in

because of the Earth's gravity.

16. Why don't astronauts hit their head on the ceiling of the falling shuttle?

17. Earth's gravity provides a that keeps the moon in orbit.

force

Projectile Motion and Gravity (p. 143) 18. The projectile motion of a leaping frog has two components--

and

.

Mark each of the following statements True or False.

19.

The components of projectile motion affect each

other.

20.

Horizontal motion of an object is parallel to the

ground.

21.

Ignoring air resistance, the horizontal velocity of a

thrown object never changes.

22.

On Earth, gravity gives thrown objects their down-

ward vertical motion.

23. If you shoot an arrow aimed directly at the bull's-eye of your target, where will the arrow hit your target? Why?

Review (p. 144) Now that you've finished Section 1, review what you've learned by answering the Review questions in your ScienceLog.

DIRECTED READING WORKSHEETS 43

Name

Date

Class

WORKSHEET

MATH SKILLS

Arithmetic with Decimals

How much would you expect to pay if you were buying a bag of chips for 50 cents and a cola for 75 cents? $1.25, right? Well, if you knew that one, you already know how to add decimals. Doing arithmetic with decimals is a lot like doing arithmetic with whole numbers. Read on to see how it's done.

Part 1: Adding and Subtracting Decimals

PROCEDURE: To add or subtract decimals, line up your numbers vertically so that the decimal points line up. Then add or subtract the columns from right to left, carrying or borrowing numbers when necessary.

SAMPLE PROBLEM: Add the following numbers: 3.1415 and 2.96.

Step1: Line up the numbers vertically so that the decimal points line up.

3.1415 2 .96

Step 2: Add the columns from right to left, carrying when necessary.

1 1

3.1415 2 .96

6.1015

The sum is 6.1015.

Do Some Decimal Math!

1. Match the expressions on the left with the letter for their correct answer on the right.

a. 3.2 1.9

____________

A. 55.11

b. 8.91 0.891 ____________

B. 0.809

c. 50.1 5.01 ____________

C. 5.1

d. 0.999 0.19 ____________

D. 8.019

2. The distance indicator, or odometer, on Robyn's family car reads 32795.2 after a summer vacation. The family drove 631.4 km on the trip. What did the odometer read before the trip?

3. Sloane has $12 to spend at the hobby shop. Does he have enough money to buy a 5 m rope for $5.64, a bucket of paint for $3.75, and a pack of construction paper for $2.39?

Copyright ? by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

MATH SKILLS

MATH SKILLS FOR SCIENCE 25

Name

Date

Class

Arithmetic with Decimals, continued

Part 2: Multiplying Decimal Numbers

PROCEDURE: To multiply decimal numbers, align the numbers vertically and put the number with the most digits on top. Multiply the top number by the bottom number, just like you would multiply whole numbers. Then count the total number of decimal places in both of the multipliers. In your product, move the decimal point to the left the same number of places as there are in the multipliers.

SAMPLE PROBLEM: What is 1.12 2.3?

Step 1: Align the numbers vertically, with the longer number on top, and multiply.

1.12 2.3

336 2240

2576

Step 2: Count the total number of decimal places in both numbers being multiplied.

1.12 2.3 There is a total of 3 decimal places.

Step 3: Because there is a total of 3 decimal places in your numbers, move the decimal point in your product 3 places to the left.

25 7 6 2.576

The product of 1.12 and 2.3 is 2.576.

Produce Some Products!

4. Calculate the products. Remember to show all your work. If you need more space, use your ScienceLog or a separate sheet of paper.

a. 0.73 0.5

b. 5.23 1.9

c. 9.12 8

Copyright ? by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

5. A typical amoeba is 0.0008 m long. Placed end to end, how long would 150 amoebas be?

Challenge Yourself!

6. A hockey player has a career average of 0.9 goals per game during the regular season and 1.6 goals per game in the playoffs. How many goals would you expect him to score in 81 regular season games and 16 playoff games?

26 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Name

Date

Class

Arithmetic with Decimals, continued

Part 3: Dividing Decimal Numbers

PROCEDURE: To divide decimal numbers, move the decimal point in the divisor to the right until it is a whole number. Then move the decimal point in the dividend to the right the same number of places. Place a decimal point in the quotient directly above the decimal point in the dividend. Finally, divide as with whole numbers.

SAMPLE PROBLEM: 2.58.625

Step 1: Move the decimal point in the divisor to the right until it is a whole number.

2.5 8.625

Step 2: Move the decimal point in the

dividend to the right the same number

of places, and place a decimal point

above it in the quotie.nt. 258.625

Step 3: Divide as with whole numbers.

3.45 2586.25

75 112

100 125

1 25 0

2.58.625 3.45

Decimal Division

7. Find the quotients for the following division problems, showing all of your work. If you need more space, use your ScienceLog or a separate piece of paper.

a. 0.24.6

b. 0.0399.6

c. 736.4

d. 0.595.5

e. 6240.18

f. 0.46.24

8. The snowfall in a year in Peanut Valley was 74.76 cm. What was the average monthly snowfall?

9. After constructing a fence around your yard, you calculate that you used 234.5 m of fencing materials. Your yard has a perimeter of 26.8 m. How much fencing material did you use per meter of your yard?

Copyright ? by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

MATH SKILLS

MATH SKILLS FOR SCIENCE 27

6.1 Self Check

(Page 140)

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