Human Respiratory System - CKRS



Human Respiratory System

Surface: __________________________________________________ (alveoli)

Method: ___________________________________________________________________(use hemoglobin to increase amount of O2 that blood can carry)

Structures:

|Structure |Function |

|Epiglottis | |

|Pharynx (Throat) | |

|Larynx | |

|Vocal cord | |

| Trachea | |

| Esophagus | |

|Lungs | |

|Nasal Cavity | |

|Bronchi | |

|Bronchioles | |

|Alveoli | |

| | |

|Diaphragm | |

Breathing Process

Four Stages of Gas Exchange:

1) Breathing- ___________________________________________________

Inhalation - ______________________________________________

• Diaphragm contracts (flattens) and lowers

• _________________________________________

• Lungs inflate because during breathing ____________________

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

Exhalation - _____________________________________________

• _________________________________________

• Ribs drop down and in

• Lungs deflate because ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

2) External respiration- exchange of gases between outside air and bloodstream in the air sacs

• Mucus coats air sacs (alveoli) to moist them

• ______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

• O2 attaches itself to hemoglobin on the red blood cells

3) Transport- movement of gases in the blood between the cells to the lungs (circulatory system)

4) Internal respiration-

________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

• At the capillaries, O2 diffuses into the intracellular fluid and then into the body cells & CO2 diffuses in the opposite direction

CO2 Transport

• 80% of CO2 dissolves in the Plasma and/or combines with water in the plasma to make makes carbonic acid (H2CO3)

• _______________________________________________________________________

Respiratory Disorders

Asthma- ________________________________________________________________________ and squeeze air passages making it difficult to breathe

Treatment- medication (inhaler)

Bronchitis- Bronchial tubes become irritated and swollen and ________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Treatment- antibiotics if bacterial infection

Emphysema- lungs lose their elasticity and the air sacs become damaged and it leads to shallow breathing and even death. Most disease is caused by years of smoking.

Treatment- ____________________________________________________

Cystic Fibrosis- Body produces too much mucus and the person is unable to breathe and have frequent infections

Treatment- ________________________________________________

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