Human Respiratory System - CKRS
Human Respiratory System
Surface: __________________________________________________ (alveoli)
Method: ___________________________________________________________________(use hemoglobin to increase amount of O2 that blood can carry)
Structures:
|Structure |Function |
|Epiglottis | |
|Pharynx (Throat) | |
|Larynx | |
|Vocal cord | |
| Trachea | |
| Esophagus | |
|Lungs | |
|Nasal Cavity | |
|Bronchi | |
|Bronchioles | |
|Alveoli | |
| | |
|Diaphragm | |
Breathing Process
Four Stages of Gas Exchange:
1) Breathing- ___________________________________________________
Inhalation - ______________________________________________
• Diaphragm contracts (flattens) and lowers
• _________________________________________
• Lungs inflate because during breathing ____________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
Exhalation - _____________________________________________
• _________________________________________
• Ribs drop down and in
• Lungs deflate because ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2) External respiration- exchange of gases between outside air and bloodstream in the air sacs
• Mucus coats air sacs (alveoli) to moist them
• ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
• O2 attaches itself to hemoglobin on the red blood cells
3) Transport- movement of gases in the blood between the cells to the lungs (circulatory system)
4) Internal respiration-
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
• At the capillaries, O2 diffuses into the intracellular fluid and then into the body cells & CO2 diffuses in the opposite direction
CO2 Transport
• 80% of CO2 dissolves in the Plasma and/or combines with water in the plasma to make makes carbonic acid (H2CO3)
• _______________________________________________________________________
Respiratory Disorders
Asthma- ________________________________________________________________________ and squeeze air passages making it difficult to breathe
Treatment- medication (inhaler)
Bronchitis- Bronchial tubes become irritated and swollen and ________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Treatment- antibiotics if bacterial infection
Emphysema- lungs lose their elasticity and the air sacs become damaged and it leads to shallow breathing and even death. Most disease is caused by years of smoking.
Treatment- ____________________________________________________
Cystic Fibrosis- Body produces too much mucus and the person is unable to breathe and have frequent infections
Treatment- ________________________________________________
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