Technology and Criminal Justice Exam 2: Fall 2012
Technology and Criminal Justice Exam 2: Fall 2012ANSWER KEY1. Between 1996 and 2006, police use of deadly force increased significantly in the United States, leading many critics to call for the adoption of less-than-lethal force weapons. A. True B. False2. _______________ projects are examples of some of the most comprehensive use to date of an integrated high-tech courtroom using hard technology.A. Courtroom 21 and Courtroom 23B Courtroom 22 and Courtroom 44C. Biometric ScanningD. None of the above3. In 2005, NCSC released its long awaited set of performance measures for courts, titled _____________A. CourtoolsB. HATSC. ARJISD. None of the above4. _________________ systems now not only automate the recordkeeping of calls for service and their responses, but can also provide a means for classifying and prioritizing these calls A.RMS B. CAD C. JNET D. HATS5. The drug of choice for offenders sent to drug court is typically the same across the country: cocaine. A. True B. False6. There is reasonable evidence to be suspicious about the claims of Compstat supporters that it is solely responsible for reducing crime rates in New York City and elsewhere.A. TrueB. False7. .___________________ has been characterized as “bar-coding on steroids”. It allows for the tagging of any product with a miniature computer chip or antenna that can then be read telemetrically be a computer or hand held device by the insertion of an appropriate identifying number.A. Smart CardsB. Biometric ScanningC. Radio Frequency Identification Technology (RFID)D. All of the above 8. There has been countless arguments over which gun is the better, but the 40's seem to be weapons of choice for law enforcement now. A. TrueB. False9. More than 3,000 police officers' lives have been saved by body armor since the mid-1970s when the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) began testing and developing body armor and performance standards for ballistic and stab resistance. A. True B. False10. After 9/11, gaps in information across criminal justice agencies were identified and the need for an integrated _____________emerged, conceived of as a single repository for information otherwise spread around the typical system in spreadsheets, databases, and files. This centralization of disparate data allows for easier retrieval and facilitates complex analysis through convenient combination of newly integrated databases.A. Supermax PrisonB. LSI_RC. GPSD. Data Warehouse11. The primary activity of paramilitary police units involves the investigation of terrorist threats and the monitoring of high risk targets in urban areas( airports, power plants, refineries, etc.). A. True B. False12. No other non-lethal weapon is used by more police departments and corrections facilities than oleoresin capsicum (OC) pepper sprayA. True B. False13. According to a recent NYC city of police shootings, police hit their “targets” 34% of the time when they shoot their weapons. A. True B. False14. These in-field computers are far from commonplace in U.S. police departments (only 40% of police agencies used _______as of 2000), they represent a technology with the capacity to increase the efficiency with which departments capture, report, disseminate, and share information A .RFID’sB. CMC’s C. JNET’sD. MDT’s15. According to Ron Corbett, the Joint Technology Committee of the Council of State Court Administrators and the National Association of Court Managers observed ruefully that despite the billions invested on court technology, "any objective observer would have to conclude that the courts have not received the return they should have from the time, efforts, and dollars expended on court technology”.A. TrueB. False16. Currently, more than 97 million calls for service to 911 are made annually, and the number has been increasing, especially with the proliferation of cell phones. A. True B. False17. It is legal to buy tasers for personal protection in most states in this country. Massachusetts is one of only a handful of states that prohibit sales. A. True B. False18. The _____________ resulted in the development of the hands-free patrol car.A. Army re-euducation ProjectB. Car 54 ProjectC. CompstatD. All of the above19. One potential advantage of expanding the use of various hard technology innovations in our courtrooms is that disparity between rich and poor defendants will be reduced.A. TrueB. False20. The ______________ resulted in improved public access to court records and documents, but at a cost. The federal courts are now reaping millions in fees each year as a result.A. E-Government Act of 2002B. Tavares CaseC. Falstaff ActD. None of the above21. In late 2001, the Joint Technology Committee of the Council of State Court Administrators and the National Association of Court Managers observed ruefully that despite the billions invested on court technology, "any objective observer would have to conclude that the courts have not received the return they should have from the time, efforts, and dollars expended on court technology”.A. TrueB. False22. __________________ are behavior monitoring devices used by police administrators as a means of identifying officers who display symptoms of frequent misconduct, and intervene soon after such symptoms appear with some form of interventionA .Early warning systemsB. Early Intervention systemsC .HATS systemsD. a and b onlyE. all of the above23. According to a recent study by White and Ready, suspects stopped resisting arrest and were incapacitated in about 86% of the cases where Tasers are deployed. A. True B. False24. According to Corbett,_____________of all court technology projects are completed on time and under budget.A. 36%B. 50%C. 16%D. 05%25. _____________allows judges to obtain actuarial predictions of likely outcomes—in terms of future recidivism—of sentencing options applied to particular offenders.A. Pennsylvania’s JNETB. CourtoolsC. Multnomah County’s Sentencing Support ToolsD. All of the above26. .____________ is the drug of choice in urban drug courts, while __________ is the drug of choice in rural drug courts.A. Cocaine/ crack; marijuanaB. Methamphetamines; MarijuanaC. Cocaine/crack; methamphetaminesD. None of the abovethe primary drug of27. The stature of Pennsylvania’s_________ grew considerably after it was credited with playing a significant role in the assisting the FBI in gathering information on the suspects identified as responsible for hijacking and crashing United Flight 93 on 9/11.A. JNETB. HARE Psychopathology checklistC. Duress SystemD. Operation Ceasefire28. ._________ have been evaluated over the past decade and overall findings indicate significant improvements in offender behavior as well as significant cost reductions. A. ReentryB. Drug CourtsC. CybercourtsD. All of the above29. The recent Tavares case highlighted one limitation of a nationwide warrant system: you have to have adequate funding available to retrieve the offenders, once located.A. TrueB. False30. The Snelgrave case highlighted the need for better training of police before deployment of less than lethal force technology. A. True B. False ................
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