Muscular System Chapter Test Review



Muscular System Chapter Test

True/False

Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.

____ 1. Muscles are bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue.

____ 2. When muscles contract, they become longer and thinner.

____ 3. If a muscle functions without conscious thought or control, it is called voluntary.

____ 4. When a muscle attaches to a bone, the end that does not move is called the origin.

____ 5. Muscles are partially contracted at all times, even when not in use.

____ 6. Muscles atrophy when they are exercised to the point of pain.

____ 7. Foot drop is a common contracture.

____ 8. The intercostal muscles are important for breathing.

____ 9. Muscular dystrophy is a chronic condition where nerve impulses are not properly transmitted to the muscles.

____ 10. Muscle spasms are sudden, painful, involuntary muscle contractions.

____ 11. Myalgia is an overstretching of or injury to a muscle.

____ 12. Extension occurs when the fingers are bent to form a fist.

____ 13. Fibromyalgia is chronic, widespread pain in specific muscle sites.

____ 14. Myasthenia gravis is a group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy.

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 15. Which of the following kinds of muscle is voluntary?

|a. |cardiac |c. |visceral |

|b. |skeletal |d. |smooth |

____ 16. A tough, sheet-like membrane that covers and protects the tissue is a____.

|a. |ligament |c. |fascia |

|b. |tendon |d. |viscera |

____ 17. If the leg is moved out to the side away from the body, the movement is ____.

|a. |abduction |c. |flexion |

|b. |adduction |d. |extension |

____ 18. If the lower leg is straightened away from the upper leg, the movement is ____.

|a. |abduction |c. |flexion |

|b. |adduction |d. |extension |

____ 19. The muscle on the upper back and neck that extends the head and moves the shoulder is the ____.

|a. |trapezius |c. |pectoralis major |

|b. |deltoid |d. |sternocleidomastoid |

____ 20. The muscle on the upper arm that extends the lower arm is the ____.

|a. |deltoid |c. |triceps brachii |

|b. |biceps brachii |d. |trapezius |

____ 21. The muscle on the upper chest that adducts and flexes the upper arm is the ____.

|a. |deltoid |c. |rectus abdominus |

|b. |pectoralis major |d. |latissimus dorsi |

____ 22. The muscle on the front of the thigh that extends the leg is the ____.

|a. |sartorius |c. |gastrocnemius |

|b. |quadriceps femoris |d. |tibialis anterior |

____ 23. The muscle that extends from the ribs to the pubis and compresses the abdomen is the ____.

|a. |rectus abdominus |c. |pectoralis major |

|b. |latissimus dorsi |d. |gluteus maximus |

____ 24. The muscle on the front of the lower leg that flexes and inverts the foot is the ____.

|a. |sartorius |c. |quadriceps femoris |

|b. |gastrocnemius |d. |tibialis anterior |

____ 25. The muscle on the buttocks that extends the thigh is the ____.

|a. |sartorius |c. |latissimus dorsi |

|b. |rectus abdominus |d. |gluteus maximus |

____ 26. A group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy is ____.

|a. |myasthenia gravis |c. |muscular dystrophy |

|b. |paralysis |d. |cerebral palsy |

Matching

Match each item with the correct statement below.

|a. |Abduction |k. |Flexion |

|b. |Adduction |l. |Insertion |

|c. |Circumduction |m. |Involuntary |

|d. |Contractility |n. |Ligament |

|e. |Contracture |o. |Muscle tone |

|f. |Elasticity |p. |Origin |

|g. |Excitability |q. |Rotation |

|h. |Extensibility |r. |Tendon |

|i. |Extension |s. |Voluntary |

|j. |Fascia |

____ 27. State of partial contraction

____ 28. The end of a muscle that moves when the muscle contracts

____ 29. Severe tightening of a flexor muscle

____ 30. Control over the action of a muscle

____ 31. Ability of a muscle to be stretched

____ 32. Ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus

____ 33. Ability of a muscle to return to its original shape

____ 34. Strong, tough, connective-tissue cord that attaches muscles to bones

____ 35. Moving a body part toward the midline

____ 36. Bending the lower arm up toward the upper arm

____ 37. Moving in a circle at a joint

____ 38. Increasing the angle between two bones

____ 39. Turning the head from side to side

____ 40. Moving the arm out to the side

Matching: Match the terms below with the statements that follow.

45. The distance between two Z lines 1. Z discs

46. Otherwise known as thick filaments 2. H zone

47. Contains only the actin filaments 3. sarcomere

48. Both actin and myosin are found in this band 4. actin filaments

50. The type of filament that is studded with myosin heads 5. I band

51. Tiny contractile unit that shortens during muscle contraction 6. myosin filament

52. Actin filaments are anchored to these disc like membranes 7. A band

53. Lighter central portion of the A band

Matching: Match the terms below with the statements that follow.

A) Cardiac C) smooth E) Cardiac & Skeletal

B) Skeletal D) Cardiac & Smooth

54. Muscle tissue that is involuntary.

55. Located in the walls of the digestive tract.

56. Attached to bones.

57. Found in the walls of the heart.

58. Muscle tissue that is voluntary.

59. Branching chains of cells, uninucleate; striations; intercalated discs.

60. Single cells, spindle-shaped, uninucleate, no striations.

61. Single cells, very long, cylindrical, multinucleated, very obvious striations.

62. Muscle contraction would be slow and sustained.

63. Muscle contraction would be at a fairly steady rate.

64. Muscle contraction can be rapid and with great force, but tires easily and must rest

after short periods of activity.

Color and Label each bone of the Skull:

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Essay / Short Answer Questions:

1. List in detail the steps in muscle contraction beginning with an action potenitial reaching the axon terminal of the motor neuron.

2. Draw and Label one Sarcomere, the functional contractile unit of muscles.

3. Explain the Sliding Filament theory and describe how Myosin and Actin Filaments interact.

Identify the major superficial muscles of the anterior body.

-Each Muscle is outlined by a black border and can be found in your book and slides.

Identify the major superficial muscles of the posterior body.

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