Anatomy for ICD-10-CM Part 2: Musculoskeletal
[Pages:37]Anatomy for ICD-10-CM Part 2: Musculoskeletal
Presented by: Kim Reid, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CPMA
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Objectives
? Understand the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system
? Review common terminology ? ICD-10-CM changes in the
musculoskeletal system ? Study common diseases and disorders of
the musculoskeletal system
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1
Overview
? The musculoskeletal system is actually made up of two separate systems.
? The muscular system is responsible for the movement of the body.
? The skeletal system is responsible for providing support for the body.
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Muscular System
? The muscular system makes up about 40% of a man's body weight and about 23% of a woman's body weight.
? There are three different types of muscle tissues:
? Skeletal ? Cardiac ? Smooth
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2
Muscular System
? Every muscle has the ability to contract to help the body function.
? The cardiac muscle pumps blood throughout the body.
? Smooth muscles are found in hollow parts of the body:
? Stomach, intestines, blood vessels, and the bladder
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Muscular System
? Skeletal muscles attach to the skeleton to keep bones in place and provides the pulling power to allow us to move around.
? The majority of the skeletal muscles stretch across joints to link two bones together.
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Muscular System
? There are approximately 650 skeletal muscles in the body.
? They usually work in groups in response to nerve impulses.
? Muscles can only pull, they cannot push ? By working in groups, they allow the same
body part to move in different directions.
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Muscular System
? The muscles work in pairs that relax and contract to move a joint.
? Front leg muscles contract when the knee extends (straightens out)
? Back leg muscles relax when the knee extends (straightens out)
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Muscular System
? Muscle contractions that move a body part away from the midline of the body are called abduction.
? Muscle contractions that move a body part toward the midline of the of the body are called adduction.
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Muscular System
? Tendons and ligaments are also part of the muscular system.
? Tendons are fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone.
? Made of special cells called tenocytes, water, and fibrous collagen proteins.
? Creates a permanent bond with the bone that is extremely tough to break.
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Muscular System
? Ligaments are fibrous tissue that attach bone to bone.
? They control range of motion of a joint. ? Ensure that the bones move in proper alignment. ? Composed of strands of collagen fibers. ? Arranged in crossing patterns to prevent the joints
from becoming loose, and to maintain stability.
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Muscles
? Gastrocnemius muscle
? Located in the back of the lower leg ? Runs from the back of the knee to the heel ? Forms the calf muscle along with the soleus
muscle ? Very prone to spasms; painful involuntary
muscle contraction that may last several minutes.
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Muscles
? The primary function of the gastrocnemius muscle is plantar flexion (or movement of the foot).
? Also plays a minor role in flexion of the knee (between the 120 and 150 degree range)
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Muscles
? Quadriceps
? Large muscle group of four muscles located on the front of the thigh.
? Rectus femoris ? located in the middle of the thigh and covers most of the other three muscles
? Vastus lateralis- located on the outer side of the thigh (lateral)
? Vastus medialis ? located on the inner side of the thigh (medial)
? Vastus intermedius ? located deep within the rectus femoris between the other vastus muscles
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Muscles
? The strongest and leanest muscle in the body. ? The main functions knee extension and hip
flexion.
? It is a weaker hip flexor when the knee is extended because it is already shortened.
? It also becomes less dominant in knee extension when the hip is flexed because it is already shortened.
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Muscles
? Gluteus maximus
? Largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles.
? Gluteus maximus ? Gluteus medius ? Gluteus minimus
? Makes up a large portion of the shape and appearance of the buttocks.
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