School District of Grafton
Name ________________________
Elements and Their Symbols
Write the symbols for the following elements.
1. Oxygen __________ 11. Magnesium _________
2. Hydrogen _________ 12. Manganese _________
3. Chlorine _________ 13. Neon _________
4. Sodium __________ 14. Bromine __________
5. Fluorine __________ 15. Phosphorus __________
6. Carbon __________ 16. Silver __________
7. Helium __________ 17. Lead __________
8. Nitrogen __________ 18. Iron __________
9. Copper __________ 19. Calcium __________
10. Sulfur __________ 20. Potassium __________
Write the name of the element that corresponds to each of the following symbols.
21. Cu __________ 31. Ca __________
22. K __________ 32. Ag __________
23. C __________ 33. P ___________
24. Au ___________ 34. O __________
25. Zn ____________ 35. I ___________
26. Pb __________ 36. Sn ___________
27. Fe ___________ 37. H ___________
28. Na ___________ 38. F __________
29. S __________ 39. Ni __________
30. Al __________ 40. Hg __________
Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Matter
Mixtures are the physical combination of two or more substances. If a mixture is consistent throughout, or it contains only one phase, the mixture is said to be Homogenous. Another name for a homogenous mixture is a solution. If a mixture is not consistent throughout, or it contains more than one phase, the mixture is said to be Heterogeneous.
Remember that mixtures can be separated by physical means.
Classify the following substances and mixtures as either homogeneous or heterogeneous. Place a check in the correct column.
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
|1. Flat Soda Pop | | |
|2. Cherry Vanilla Ice Cream | | |
|3. Italian Salad Dressing | | |
|4. Sugar | | |
|5. Soil | | |
|6. Aluminum Foil | | |
|7. Black Coffee | | |
|8. Stirred Sugar Water | | |
|9. City Air | | |
|10. Paint (stirred) | | |
|11. Rubbing Alcohol | | |
|12. Iron | | |
|13. Beach Sand | | |
|14. Purified Air | | |
|15. Spaghetti Sauce | | |
Physical vs. Chemical Properties
A physical property is observed with the senses and can be determined without destroying the object. For example, color, shape, mass, length, and odor are all examples of physical properties.
A chemical property indicates how a substance reacts with something else. The original substance is fundamentally changed in observing a chemical property. For example, the ability of iron to rust in a chemical property. The iron has reacted with oxygen, and the original metal is changed. It now exists as iron oxide, a different substance.
Classify the following properties as either chemical or physical by putting a check in the appropriate column.
Physical properties are further classified as extensive or intensive. An extensive physical property depends on the amount of matter present. For example, the weight of a substance is an extensive physical property. An intensive physical property is not dependent on the amount of matter present. For example, the boiling point of a substance is an intensive physical property.
If it is physical use an “E” for extensive and an “I” for intensive.
Physical Chemical
Property Property
|1. blue color | | |
|2. density | | |
|3. flammability | | |
|4. solubility | | |
|5. reacts with acid to form H2 | | |
|6. supports combustion | | |
|7. sour taste | | |
|8. melting point | | |
|9. reacts with water to form a gas | | |
|10. reacts with a base to form water | | |
|11. hardness | | |
|12. boiling point | | |
|13. can neutralize a base | | |
|14. luster | | |
|15. odor | | |
Physical vs. Chemical Changes
In a physical change, the original substance still exists, it has only changed in form. In a chemical change, a new substance is produced. Energy changes always accompany chemical changes.
Classify the following as being a physical or chemical change.
1. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water.
2. Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce a salt, water, and heat.
3. A pellet of sodium is sliced in two.
4. Water is heated and changed to steam.
5. Potassium chlorate decomposes to potassium chloride and oxygen gas.
6. Iron rusts.
7. When placed in H2O, a sodium pellet catches on fire as hydrogen gas is liberated and sodium hydroxide forms.
8. A cup of water evaporating.
9. Ice melting.
10. Milk sours.
11. Sugar dissolves in water.
12. Wood rotting
13. Pancakes cooking on a griddle
14. Grass growing in a lawn
15. A tire is inflated with air.
16. Food is digested in the stomach.
17. Water is absorbed by a paper towel.
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