Abbreviations for USA States: Publishers’ Locations for ...
Abbreviations for USA States: Publishers' Locations for APA Referencing
When you write an APA-style reference list, you need to provide the publishing details (publisher's name and location) when writing reference entries for books, reports, brochures, and other separate, non periodical publications.
In the location details, you need to give the city and country for publishers outside of the United States, and city and state for United States publishers (see examples on next page). The names of USA states and territories are abbreviated in the reference list. Use the following official two-letter USA Postal Service abbreviations.
Abbreviations for States and Territories
Location
Abbreviation
Alabama
AL
Alaska
AK
American Samoa
AS
Arizona
AZ
Arkansas
AR
California
CA
Canal Zone
CZ
Colorado
CO
Connecticut
CT
Delaware
DE
District of Columbia
DC
Florida
FL
Georgia
GA
Guam
GU
Hawaii
HI
Idaho
ID
Illinois
IL
Indiana
IN
Iowa
IA
Kansas
KS
Kentucky
KY
Louisiana
LA
Maine
ME
Maryland
MD
Massachusetts
MA
Michigan
MI
Minnesota
MN
Mississippi
MS
Location Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Virgin Islands Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Abbreviation MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA VI WA WV WI WY
Abbreviations for USA States:_Jan 2011_Version 1 | Jan 2011
Examples:
1. For books published outside USA:
(City) Mairangi Bay
(Country in full) New Zealand
(Publisher) Pearson Education
Walters, C., & Dana, L. (2007). Marketing principles (4th ed.). Mairangi Bay, New Zealand: Pearson Education.
2. For books published in USA:
(City) Urbana
(State, Abbreviated) IL
(Publisher) University of Illinois Press
Bertrand, M. T. (2000). Race, rock, and Elvis. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
Adapted from: American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological
Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
See also APA referencing: A guide for CPIT students for more details on writing your reference list.
Abbreviations for USA States:_Jan 2011_Version 1 | Jan 2011 S:\LLS\Main\Learning Services\Handouts\Abbreviations For USA States_Jan 2011.Doc
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