THE DIGITAL NEGATIVE
THEDIGITALNEGATIVE
Raw Image Processing in Lightroom, Camera Raw, and Photoshop
SECOND EDITION
JEFF SCHEWE
theDigitalNegative
Raw Image Processing in Lightroom, Camera Raw, and Photoshop
S eco nd Ed i t i o n
Jeff Schewe
Peachpit Press
The Digital Negative:
Raw Image Processing in Lightroom, Camera Raw, and Photoshop Second Edition
Jeff Schewe
Peachpit Press
To report errors, please send a note to errata@ Peachpit Press is a division of Pearson Education.
Copyright ? 2016 by Jeff Schewe All images copyright ? 2016 by Jeff Schewe
Project Editor: Valerie Witte Senior Production Editor: Lisa Brazieal Copy Editor: Anne Marie Walker Proofreader: Patricia Pane Composition: Kim Scott, Bumpy Design Indexer: Karin Arrigoni Cover and Interior Designer: Mimi Heft
Notice of Rights All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information on getting permission for reprints and excerpts, contact permissions@.
Notice of Liability The information in this book is distributed on an "As Is" basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of the book, neither the author nor Peachpit shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss, damage, or injury caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the instructions contained in this book or by the computer software and hardware products described in it.
Trademarks Adobe, Adobe Bridge, Adobe Camera Raw, Lightroom, and Photoshop are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and Peachpit was aware of a trademark claim, the designations appear as requested by the owner of the trademark. All other product names and services identified throughout this book are used in editorial fashion only and for the benefit of such companies with no intention of infringement of the trademark. No such use, or the use of any trade name, is intended to convey endorsement or other affiliation with this book.
ISBN-13: 9780134033174 ISBN-10: 0134033175
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound in the United States of America
Dedicated to the lasting memory and substantial contributions of Bruce Fraser. Thanks, Bruce, from all of us.
Table of COntents
Introductionxi
JJchapter 1
What Is a Digital Negative? 3
Dissecting a Digital Negative
4
Raw Versus JPEG
27
Camera Sensor Types
5
Photographic Aspects
Attributes of a Digital Negative
7
of a Digital Negative
29
Linear capture
7
Shutter speed
30
Digital exposure
11
Lens aperture
31
ETTR
14
Lens aberrations
32
Sensor noise and ISO speed
17
Sensor resolution
35
Colorimetric interpretation
21
Metadata
24
Bit depth
25
JJchapter 2
Adobe Raw Image Processing: An Overview 39
The Genesis of Camera Raw The Genesis of Lightroom The Bridge, Camera Raw,
and Photoshop System
Bridge Camera Raw Photoshop
The Lightroom Way
40
The Relationship of Camera Raw
41
and Lightroom Versions
54
Color Management Between Lightroom,
45
Camera Raw, and Photoshop
55
45
DNG File Format
46
and DNG Converter
58
48
To DNG or not to DNG?
58
50
Adobe DNG Converter
59
JJchapter 3
Fundamentals of Lightroom and Camera Raw 65
Lightroom and Camera Raw Defaults
Lightroom and Camera Raw Functionality
The Histogram
Lightroom and Camera Raw Adjustment Panels
Basic panel Tone Curve panel HSL/Color/B&W panel Split Toning panel Detail panel Lens Corrections panel Effects panel Camera Calibration panel
Lightroom and Camera Raw Tools 115
66
Lightroom and Camera Raw Crop tools
117
Lightroom and Camera Raw Spot
69
Removal tools
120
Local adjustments in Lightroom and
70
Camera Raw
126
Merge to High Dynamic Range (HDR)
71
and Merge to Panorama in Lightroom
72
and Camera Raw
142
80
83
86
87
95
105
112
vi ?The Digital Negative
JJchapter 4
Advanced Raw Processing Using Lightroom or Camera Raw 153
Tone Mapping
Flat lighting High-contrast lighting Blown skies Inclement weather Underexposure Backlit subjects
Color Correction
White balance (global) White balance (local) Color curves Color split toning Color gradients HSL color correction Lens colorcast correction
154
Color to Black-and-White
154
Conversion
192
156
Adjusting the panchromatic response
193
160
Warm toning
196
163
Split toning
198
166
Cold toning and spot of color
201
170
Optimized black-and-white tone mapping 202
174
Color toning using color curves
204
174
Maximizing Image Detail
207
177
High-frequency edge sharpening
207
179
Low-frequency edge sharpening
213
181
Mixed-frequency edge sharpening
217
184
187
188
Table of COntents ? vii
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