Stone Age Worksheets - Pennsauken Public Schools

Stone Age

Worksheets

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Stone Age Facts

The Stone Age is the term given to the earliest period of human culture when our ancestors started to use stone tools. It began around 3.7 million years ago until about 2000 B.C. The era ended when humans began smelting metal. Anthropologists believe that the Homo habilis was the first to make

stone tools around 2.3 million years ago. Archaeologists divide the Stone Age into three phases, namely:

Paleolithic (old stone age), Mesolithic (middle stone age) and Neolithic (new stone age). The term `-lithic' comes from the ancient Greek word lithos, which means stone or rock. The oldest stone tools were found in Africa. They were dated to be about 3.4 million years old. In addition, the earliest man-made structure was also found in Africa.

Stone Age Facts

During the Paleolithic Era, humans used stones to bash, hit, and scrape. Later in the era, they learned to sharpen stones. Flint was commonly used in making stone tools. People were nomadic hunter-gatherers. They did not have permanent settlements, thus moving from one place to another was a way of life.

At the end of the old stone age, people started to live together in small bands.

During the Mesolithic Age, dogs were first domesticated to help people hunt. Finer stone tools, such as spearheads and arrows, were created. It was also during the middle stone age when humans learned how to fish using hooks and nets.

It was during the Neolithic period when people enhanced domestication of animals such as goats, pigs and sheep. Furthermore, they gradually developed sophisticated farming and agriculture in settled communities. Pottery was also a breakthrough during this time as well as the systems of writing and weaving.

Cave paintings

and

carved

figurines dating

back about 40,000

years ago were

discovered

in

Altamira, Spain.

One of the best

animal paintings

on cave walls can

be seen at

Chauvet, France,

dating to 31,000

B.C.

Stone Age Facts

Stone Age people lived in huts made of wood, stone or animal bones that were covered with clay or animal skins. In 1850, the Stone Age village of Skara Brae, located in Orkney Islands, was excavated with beds, cupboards, shelves, chairs, toilets, and drainage systems. It was dated to exist around 3000 B.C.

Stone tools gradually evolved from an all-purpose tool to more complex functionality based on design. Paleolithic people developed the simple to complex manufacture of stone tools from pebble-tool tradition to bi-facial or hand-axe traditions to flake-tool traditions until the blade-tool traditions.

Stone Age people hunted dangerous and huge animals such as the woolly mammoth. Woolly Mammoths were one of the popular subjects of neolithic cave paintings. By the end of the Ice Age, about 10,000 years ago, they became extinct.

In very cold places such as Canada, Alaska and Siberia, mummified mammoths have been discovered in ice blocks with intact skeletons and blood samples.

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