LINKING WORDS SHOWING CONTRAST



Linking Words Showing Contrast

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|[1] in spite of / despite |+ noun phrase |In spite of his age, he still drives a car. |

| |+ -ing verb | |

| | |Despite being old, he still drives a car. |

|despite is more formal | | |

|[2] although / though / |+ subject + verb |Although / though he is old, he still drives |

|even though | |a car. |

| | |Even though he is old, he still drives a car.|

| | | |

| | |Despite the fact he is old, he still drives a|

| | |car. |

|[3] in spite of the fact / despite | | |

|the fact | | |

|[4] however / nevertheless | |The French exam was easy. However, the |

|They show two contrasting facts | |chemistry exam was difficult. |

|Nevertheless is stronger than however | | |

|[5] on the one hand, … on the | |On the one hand, the city offers lots of |

|other hand, … | |entertainment. On the other hand, it's very |

|They show contrasting sides of the | |noisy. |

|same person or thing | | |

|On the other hand is often used alone | |The lecture was boring. On the other hand, it|

| | |was very short. |

|[6] on the contrary, |+ subject + verb |The economy won't improve this year. On the |

|It strengthens the negative of | |contrary, it is likely to get worse. |

|something | | |

|[7] whereas / while | |Their house is on top of a hill, |

|They introduce a contrast | |whereas/while ours is in the valley. |

|between two people or things | | |

|which are in other ways | | |

|similar | | |

|[8] in contrast to / contrary to |+ noun phrase |In contrast to other TV shows, this one is |

| | |very amusing. |

|Name: |Date: / / |

|Linking Words Showing Contrast |Exercises |

1. Rewrite these sentences using in spite of, despite and however / nevertheless.

1. he was never satisfied / he was one of the richest men in the world

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2. we arrived on time / the heavy traffic on the motorway

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3. our team lost two early goals / our team won comfortably in the end

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4. our present economic difficulties / the company should recover next year.

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5. the police chief fought against the Mafia / he received death threats

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6. she became president of the company / widespread prejudice against women

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7. the planet is beautiful / there is something frightening about it

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8. the Ancient Greeks discovered steam power / they did not use it industrially

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9. my sister eats meat / my brother is a strict vegetarian

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10. modern computers occupy much less space / early computers took up whole rooms

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2. Read the news items below. Choose between although and in spite of or despite.

1. The government has announced that although / in spite of the sharp downturn in economic activity, it will not abandon its anti-inflation policy. Although / In spite of unemployment increased by 250,000 last month, tight control of government spending is seen as the key to recovery.

2. Famines and food shortage have increased in the Third World despite / although improved methods of agriculture. Moreover, in spite of / although there is actually a surplus of some type of food in Western Europe and the USA, much of this food is wasted, or even destroyed.

3. Insert on the other hand or in the contrary in these sentences.

1. Schools nowadays do not encourage memorisation, ________________________, pupils do more projects and investigate work than before.

2. Our firm has no objections to employing older people. ________________________, applications from people over 50 will be welcomed.

3. I have never heard John say anything bad about you. ________________________, he's always spoken well of you.

4. The original Salko GL was not an advanced car, technically, ________________________, it was inexpensive, comfortable and easy to maintain.

4. Insert whereas or although.

1. Whales and dolphins are not fish ________________________ spend their lives in water.

2. English is a Germanic language ________________________ French is descended from Latin.

3. Smoking is still a common habit ________________________ people know it is harmful.

4. Mercury is a metal ________________________ it is a liquid at room temperature.

5. Many people believe in astrology ________________________ it lacks any scientific proof.

6. Soccer is played with a round ball ________________________ rugby is played with an oval ball.

7. In Britain, spring starts in April ________________________ in Australia it starts in September.

5. Fill in the blanks with a suitable phrase.

1. Helen wasn't hungry. Nevertheless, ________________________________________

2. Even though _________________________________________________, everyone walked past him.

3. In contrast to _________________________________________, I usually stay at home at weekends.

4. On the one hand, we love travelling abroad. On the other hand, _________________

________________________________________________

5. My son is interested in sport, whereas ______________________________________

6. In spite of ___________________________________________________, Mark isn't afraid of driving.

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[1] in spite of, despite: a pesar de

[2] although, though, even though: aunque

[3] in spite of the fact, despite the fact: a pesar del hecho de

[4] however, nevertheless: sin embargo

[5] on the one hand,… on the other hand,…: por un lado,…por otro,…

[6] on the contrary: por el contrario

[7] whereas, while: mientras

[8] in contrast to / contrary to: a diferencia de / al contrario de

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