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World History I SOL Review PacketName: ______________________________SOL Test Date: _______________________Early HumansList each characteristic under Old Stone Age (Paleolithic Era) or New Stone Age (Neolithic Era).22860003175First used fireFarming/agricultureNomadicHunter-gatherersSettled communitiesWeavingPotteryDomesticated animalsPlows & irrigationCave artOral languageWritten languageLived in clansFirst tools & simple weaponsOld v. New 234315089535Which era does this picture show?_____________________________Please list at least 4 characteristics you see in the picture which show which era is portrayed.1. ________________________________________________________2. ________________________________________________________3. ________________________________________________________4. ________________________________________________________Ancient River Valley Civilizations (about 3500 B.C.E. – 500 B.C.E.)List the four River Valley Civilizations and their rivers shown below.069851. Civ. =_________EUROPEASIA Rivers =_________ _______________412. Civ.=_________3 River=_________23. Civ.=_________Pacific Ocean Rivers =_________ _______________Indian OceanAFRICA4. Civ.=_________ River=_________Ancient WritingPlease label the types of writing seen below. Also, put the name of the civilization they would most closely be associated with from the map above.402907555245055245Type of Writing: _________________Type of Writing: _________________Civilization: _____________________Civilization: _____________________-1143006096000409575075565Type of Writing: _________________Type of Writing: _________________Civilization: _____________________Civilization: _____________________Ancient Law CodesThe very 1st written law code was _____________________________________ in the civilization of _________________________________. The ____________________________________ was also an early law code of the ___________________ people. “An eye for an eye” justice is associated with _______________________________________.Other Early Civilizations (about 2000 B.C.E. – 500 B.C.E.)250507594615The map to the right would be most closely associated with what civilization?___________________________800100390525Why did the civilization shown in the map create the innovation seen here?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Origins of JudaismMost ancient religions were ________________________________ (meaning they believed in many gods), but ______________________________ (belief in one god) was practiced by the Hebrews. The founder of Judaism or the “Father of Monotheism” is ____________________________. The ____________________ is the Hebrew or Jewish holy book, and the ____________________________________ are their laws. ______________ led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt. _______________________________ was established as the capital of the Kingdom of Israel and is still considered a holy city.Persian EmpireComplete the graphic organizer which lists the characteristics of the Persian Empire.38989085725Ancient India-19685223520Answer the geography questions which are related to the map of India seen below.2895600128270The graphic to the right would be associated with which of the following?Types of Hindu godsAryan caste systemGeography of IndiaThe path to nirvanaWhich ancient Indian religion would the picture below be associated with? ________________________200025043180 Use the information below to complete the Venn diagram comparing and contrasting Hinduism and Buddhism.ReincarnationHinduism Both BuddhismKarmaMeditationVedas & UpanishadsFour Noble TruthsEightfold PathSiddhartha GautamaMany forms of one godMokshaNirvanaCaste system5200650170180What religious founder is portrayed to the right?_______________________Ancient Indian EmpiresDuring the Mauryan Empire in India, the Emperor ____________________ unified much of India. He also converted to Buddhism on the battlefield. In an effort to end suffering, he passed a set of laws called the __________________. This created free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and good roads. He also sent _______________________ to teach people about Buddhism. The _________________ Empire was considered a golden age in India. They created the number ________, were able to set broken bones, and knew that the earth was ________________.Ancient ChinaChinese rulers were considered divine, or god-like, but their of____________ (right to rule) lasted only as long as they remained good leaders. The Chinese had a trade route connecting China to the Mediterranean world called the Road. Contributions of Classical China include the civilsystem which required government workers to take a test, a fabric called _(made using the cocoons of worms), and_a material used for pottery.319087516313150019050164465This symbol (yin yang) is associated with the religion of ___________________. The yin symbolizes the _______________, cool, and passive side of nature. The yang symbolizes the bright, ________________, and active side of nature. The point of Taoism is to create ____________________________ with __________________, the live a ____________________ life (or have humility). The philosophy of Confucianism promoted the belief that humans are _________________, not bad. It also taught ___________________ for elders and _____________________ worship, a code of ________________________________, and emphasis on ______________________________. Ancient GreeceIn the blanks provided, label the two major seas located around Greece.The peninsula that Greece is located on is referred to as the ___________________Peninsula. Because Greece is made up of mostly short, rocky mountains, _____________________________ is difficult. Another name for Greek culture is _______________________ culture which was spread by ________________. Greek mythology is based on a ___________________________ religion. -41592519748500The mythology tried to explain _____________________ phenomena, human qualities, and life events.Fill in the two blanks on the chart for Greek gods and goddesses.28575-40957500Complete the sequence of government that was seen in ancient Athens.The groups who were not considered citizens in ancient Greece were __________________________, _____________________, and _____________________________.For each statement below, write S if it describes the city-state of Sparta, A if it describes the city-state of Athens, and B if it describes both city-states.________ Society is based on the military.________ Had slaves.________ Had an oligarchy or rule by a few.________ Promoted education, political involvement, and public debate among its citizens.________ Believed in the Greek mythology and polytheistic religion.________ Fought the Persian Empire during the Persian War.________ Built the Parthenon, a temple to Athena.________ Became the world’s first democracy.________ Home for philosophy, art, literature, and theater.________ Created the Delian League and experienced a golden age after the Persian War.Greek architecture can be seen in its styles of columns. They are (in order)Doric columns are used onA)B)C)________the building below which is1849755431800033909004318000called the ______________.48101255778500 Match the correct person with their contribution.EuclidHippocratesArchimedesPythagorasPericlesHomerHerodotusAeschylusSophoclesPhidiasSocrates, Plato, & Aristotle___________________________ Father of Greek tragedy.___________________________ Wrote the famous Greek tragedy, Oedipus Rex.___________________________ Wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey.___________________________Considered the father of Greek history.___________________________ Sculpted the statues of Athena and Zeus.___________________________ Considered the father of medicine.___________________________ Wrote a geometry textbook.___________________________ Rebuilt Athens after the Persian War and extended democracy so most adult males had an equal voice in ancient Athens.___________________________ Created a theorem for right angles.___________________________ Mathematician, scientist, and inventor. Invented a water pump and calculated pi.___________________________________________ Philosophers who questioned life, justice, ethics, and government.23526752730500Alexander the Great’s EmpireAlexander the Great spread Greek culture while conquering territory. This new empire and increased trade led to the creation of a new type of culture called ____________________________ Culture which was a blend of Greek, Egyptian, and Persian (or oriental elements).Ancient Rome2247900110998000Rome is located on the ___________________ Peninsula. It is protected by the ______________ Mountains. The ___________________________________ Sea allowed Rome to become a sea trading power. The ________________ Wars occurred because Rome and ______________________ were in competition for trade. ______________________ was the Carthaginian general who invaded Italy during the 2nd Punic War. ___________ won all three Punic Wars which expanded their wealth and trade.Roman mythology was based on ________________ mythology. Complete the following list comparing the Greek gods to the Roman gods.Roman GodGreek God_____________ZeusJuno_______________________AphroditeThe powerful nobility in Rome were called the ___________________________. The majority of the population was considered ______________________________. At the bottom of the social structure were slaves, but slavery was not based on _______________ in ancient times. Ancient Rome was a representative democracy or a ______________________. The _________________ was the most powerful lawmaking body. The laws of Rome were called the ________________________________, and they influenced our beliefs about law including the principle of innocent until proven __________________. Farmers who left home to fight in the Punic Wars returned to find their land taken, so they moved to the cities for work but found _________________ were doing most of the jobs. This led to massive unemployment in the republic. The creation of a ____________________________ or rule by three military rulers lead to a __________________ between Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompey. When Caesar won the civil war, he had himself named ______________. Fearing loss of power, a group of senators ___________________________ Caesar on March 15, 44 B.C. After Caesar’s death, the second triumvirate was created which led to another civil war. ___________________________________, Julius Caesar’s adopted son, was victorious and become the first ________________________ of Rome.Pax Romana (two hundred year period of Roman peace)3867150190500-2476511620500-1143003365500During the Pax Romana, what positive effects did Roman roads, common coinage, and a strong military have?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Christianity3425825142176500Christianity is based on _________________________ or the belief in one god which was first established by the religion of _____________________. The founder of Christianity who was also seen as the Son of God is ______________. The ________________________________ contains the life and teachings of Jesus. At first this religion conflicted with the Roman religion, and many Christians were _________________________ for their beliefs. The most important Christian apostle or teacher was ______________ who helped spread the religion around the empire. ____________________________ was the first Christian Roman Empire and made it legal to practice Christianity.Label each Roman contribution pictured below.1238251333500_____________________________________99187016002000__________________________________-3422655588000______________________________348615018097500___________________________________Decline and Fall of the Roman EmpireEmperor _________________________ divided the empire because it was too large to rule effectively. The city of Byzantium was eventually renamed ____________________________________ by Emperor Constantine. This shifted money and power to the eastern portion of the empire.4086225-18097500Looking at the graphic to the right, what is the main reason for the end of the Roman Empire in 476 C.E. and why?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-30543526860500Byzantine EmpireThe capital of the Byzantine Empire was _____________________________ which was an important crossroads for trade. The Emperor _______________________ is responsible for codifying all old Roman laws into a new law code and for gaining back some territory that was lost to the barbarians in the west. Art in the Byzantine Empire was mainly focused on __________________________. Another word for religious image is _______________________. The type of art seen below is a ________________. The church seen below is the_______________________.3837940698500010572754127500The Great Schism 1054 C.E. (The Split in the Christian Church)Fill out the chart below listing characteristics of each church.Type of ChurchLeaderLanguage UsedPlace of PowerPractice of Celibacy?Eastern Orthodox Yes or NoRoman Catholic Yes or NoInfluence of the Byzantine Empire on Russia-12702214245002752725508000Byzantine missionary St. Cyril created an alphabet for the Russians called the _________________________________. The Russian people also adopted the Byzantine type of Christianity called __________________________________. Religious art and architecture in Russia was also influenced by the Byzantines. One feature of Russian architecture is the onion domes seen below.Islam-518160113474500The prophet of the religion of Islam is ______________________. Islam is a _____________________________ religion (believes in one god). The Arabic word for God is ________________. The holy book of Islam is the __________________. Fill in the blanks for the Five Pillars of Islam.3486150210312100429514064452500A Muslim place of worship is called a __________________. The two contributions in mathematics under the Islamic Empire were _________________ and ________________________.7302574676000An important site in Islam is the Dome of the Rock (see below) in the city of __________________.3533775-10477500Islam divided into two branches after the death of one of Muhammad’s successors named Ali.On the chart to the right, write which branch of Islam fits with the beliefs listed.152400123507500Look at the map below. The _______________________________ in France was the important battle that stopped the Muslim advance into Europe.Early Middle Ages-16192584772500Another name for the Middle Ages is the ____________________ Era. Because this time period was characterized by chaos and decline in Europe it is also referred to as the _______________ Ages. The Dark Ages began after the collapse of the _________________ Empire in 476 C.E. (A.D.). In the system of feudalism, ______________ is exchanged for military service. The person giving the land away is called the __________. The person receiving the land is the _______________. Another name for peasant is ____________. The serfs did most of the work on the manor; manors were self-sufficient meaning they produced everything the lord and his people would need. The manor or __________________ was built to provide protection for the lord and the people on his land. The most important thing was protection because lords and their armies were constantly fighting over _______________.32378654762500The most powerful Germanic tribe of the Dark Ages was the ____________________ who had the country of France named after them. The Pope crowned ________________________________ emperor in 800 C.E. (A.D.). This helped to promote the power of the ________________ which was in charge of spiritual issues but also had political power as well. The Church could use the power of __________________________________ to ban people from the Church which people thought would stop them from getting into heaven. The ____________________ who were from Scandinavia migrated to Russia but also invaded England, Ireland, France, and Italy. The _______________ and the __________________ migrated from continental Europe to England. The Magyars migrated from Central Asia to Hungary.Late Middle Ages Match the key people and events with the correct descriptions (some words may be used twice).Hugh CapetJoan of ArcWilliam the ConquerorParliamentCharles VFerdinand & IsabellaKing JohnHundred Years’ WarHenry II___________________________________Leader of the Norman Conquest who united most of England.___________________________________Created the Domesday Book which was a census used for tax collection purposes in England.___________________________________ Established common law for all people in England.___________________________________Signed the Magna Carta which limited the powers of the king.___________________________________War between England and France which helped define each country as separate nations.___________________________________The Great Council which was established to advise the King of England eventually evolved into this lawmaking body.___________________________________Established the French throne in Paris and expanded control over most of France.___________________________________Unified France during the Hundred Years’ War and helped lead troops to victory.___________________________________United Spain and expelled Jews and Muslim Moors during the Spanish Inquisition.311467529654500___________________________________Expanded the Spanish Empire in the Western Hemisphere or “New World.”What city was captured in the Holy Land that led to the Crusades? ______________________Which Pope called for the Crusades in a speech “God wills it!”? __________________________What was the goal of the Crusades? ________________________________________________The Crusades caused road which hadn’t been used since the fall of Rome to open up for travel and this improved _______________ and stimulated the economy. It also weakened the _______________ and helped strengthen monarchs (kings).Increased trade and interaction would eventually lead to the spread of the ____________________________.5143502730500The Black Death caused a decline in ________________________________, scarcity of labor, freedom from feudal obligations, and a decline in Church influence.The few people who could read and write during the Middle Ages were __________________________ who worked in monasteries to translate books from Greek and Arabic into _______________ (the language of the old Roman Empire and the Church language).Which invaders from Asia would attack Russia, the Middle East and create a huge empire by 1300 AD? ____________________47180512890500Constantinople was captured by the ______________________________ in 1453 AD and renamed Istanbul. Major Trade Patterns of the Eastern Hemisphere from 1000 – 1500 C.E. (A.D.).Write the color beside each trade route.Trans-Saharan - _________________ Silk Road - _________________ Trans-Arabia - _________________16510031686500Maritime Routes Indian Ocean - _________________ Mediterranean Routes- _________________Try to match each trade good or invention to the correct place.418338027178000247650022415500022415500________________________ _________________ _____________________________________ __________________________________2895600927100024765001651000-1714501651000 ___030543500348615030035500________________________________________________________-21907514224000JapanJapan is an ________________________________ which is another word for island chain. Due to its closeness (proximity) to ______________, its culture is very similar. Three main influences of Chinese culture on Japan are its writing, architecture, and the religion of ________________________. One religion that is unique to Japan is ___________________ which is based on forces of _______________. Shinto is the state religion and includes worship of the ____________________, but it coexists with Buddhism.African Kingdoms33521651079500The kingdom of Axum was the first ___________________________ kingdom in Africa. To escape ________________ raiders from the Arabian Peninsula, they moved further into the interior of Africa and founded what would become Ethiopia.________________________________ was located between the _____________________ and ________________________ rivers next to the coast of the Indian Ocean. The capital was called “Great Zimbabwe.”-23241031750000-111760151955500The west African kingdoms of _________________, _________________, and _______________________ were located between gold and ____________ mines. The city of _________________________ became an important Islamic city of trade and learning.1666875-16192500Civilizations in the Western HemisphereFill in the map so the correct civilizations map up with the colors filled in.-12382523812500The main city in the ___________________ civilization was Chichen Itza. The capital of the _______________ Empire was Tenochtitlan. The main city in the ___________________ Empire was Macchu Picchu.Based on what you know about the civilization discussed above, which civilization would have built the city in the picture to the left? _________________How do you know that? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What type of farming would the people in the city (pictured to the left) have to do? _____________________________________________________________Which American civilization is known for their vast network of roads? ____________________1968514795500On the Venn diagram to the right, place an X where polytheistic religion would fit.-1968516764000RenaissanceLooking at the map why do you think Florence, Venice, and Genoa were so important during the Renaissance period? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Humanism celebrated the _____________________ instead of totally focusing on the Church. It also brought back the study of __________________ and ___________________ literature and culture. The word Renaissance actually means “_____________.” Wealthy people called __________________ supported Renaissance art and literature. One of the first major words of literature was _________________________ by Machiavelli. According to Machiavelli, the ____________ justifies the means. He advised that one should not only do good if possible, but do ______________when necessary.Write which Renaissance artist is associated with each work of art.______________________ - Mona Lisa__________________________________- The Last Supper5429251085850028956006413500___________________________ - David _______________________________-Sistine Chapel Ceiling209550132715002952754635500-71818521653500What major invention helped spread the ideas of the Renaissance north? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Northern Renaissance tried to mix the ideas of Christianity and _______________________. The Praise of Folly by Erasmus was a book that criticized the ______________________. More’s book __________________ was also part of the Northern Renaissance. ................
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