Study guide for chapters 4 & 5



The diagram below shows steps leading to a historical event.2112010-316865Shays’s Rebellion00Shays’s Rebellion1360170-316865?00?3531870-480695Constitutional Convention00Constitutional Convention61595-480695Colonial Independence00Colonial IndependenceWhich event completes the diagram?Declaration of IndependenceArticles of Confederation Annapolis ConventionWhiskey Rebellion Evidence:2. Which weakness of the Articles of Confederation led to Shays’s Rebellion? The national government lacked the power to regulate trade.The national government lacked a national court system. The national government lacked central leadership. The national government lacked the power to tax. Evidence:3. What was the state-level response to Shays’s Rebellion?Judicial protection against taxation without representation. Taxes were declared unconstitutional.Executive regulation of farm trade. Debt relief was enacted. Evidence:4. Why was the government’s authority to regulate commerce a weakness of the Articles of Confederation? The president’s authority to collect taxes unfairly burdened the poor.The national court system unfairly prosecuted trade laws. The states’ authority to impose taxes decreased trade.The legislature gave too much power to larger states.Evidence:5. The passage below is from a historical document.378460121920Art. II. Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled. 00Art. II. Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled. How does the U.S. Constitution address concerns that resulted from the government described in this passage?The new government could enforce treaties between the states.The new government could settle disputes between the states.The new government could regulate trade between the states.The new government could levy taxes between the states. Evidence:6. What did Federalists and Anti-federalists disagree most strongly about?a strong national governmentcreating a system of checks and balancesprotecting individual libertiesincreasing the power of the confederationEvidence:7. Which of the following is true of the Federalists?They opposed ratification of the Constitution.They opposed a strong central government.They supported the division of the United States into 13 separate countries.They feared the Articles of Confederation could not keep the country unitedEvidence:8. The passage below about government is from Federalist No. 51If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to governmen, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. . . .the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to controlthe governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself.How are the author’s views from this passage applied in the U.S. Constitution? A. The U.S. Constitution limits the rights of the people. B. The U.S. Constitution limits the power of the federal government. C. The U.S. Constitution requires the states to provide for the common defense. D. The U.S. Constitution requires the government to promote the general welfare.Evidence:9. Which statement supports the Anti-Federalists in the struggle over ratification of the U.S. Constitution? A. The Constitution should limit state government. B. The Constitution should protect fundamental, or individual rights. C. The Constitution should create a strong national government. D. The Constitution should prevent the election of amateur politicians.?Evidence:10. Why did the Founding Fathers (writers of the Constitution) separate the power to make, enforce, and interpret laws between different branches of government?to prevent one branch of government from becoming too powerfulto make the national government more efficientto increase the power of the presidencyto ensure that Congress would act according to the will of the peopleEvidence:11. Use the information in the box to answer the question.Speaker 1: “We can’t ratify the Constitution. It has no bill of rights!”Speaker 2: “I think the states should have more power.”Speaker 3: “We just fought for liberty. Why submit to a new tyrant?”Who are the speakers?Patriots; FederalistsAnti-federalists; Loyalists; Evidence:?12. Use the quotation to answer the question.“My political curiosity .?.?. leads me to ask, who authorized them to speak the language of ‘We, the People,’ instead of ‘We, the States’?” —Patrick Henry, June 4, 1788Which group did Patrick Henry most likely side with during the ratification debate?the Loyaliststhe Federaliststhe Anti-federaliststhe ConstitutionalistsEvidence:13. Why did Anti-federalists want a bill of rights in the Constitution?to list their rightsto protect their rightsto prevent ratification of the Constitutionto argue with FederalistsEvidence:14. What is one way that the ideas stated in the Declaration of Independence are evident today?equal employment opportunities voting rights amendments selective service term limits Evidence:835025140335Governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governedPeople are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights?00Governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governedPeople are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights?15. Below is a diagram. Which statement completes the diagram?It is the role of government to determine natural rights.It is the role of government to protect natural rights.People establish natural rights.People possess natural rights. Evidence:16.The stamp below is from the front page of a 1765 newspaper. Source: Library of Congress What was the significance of the stamp on the newspaper? It demonstrated that Parliament ignored the colonists’ media communications.It demonstrated that Parliament controlled the colonists’ press outlets. It represented the colonists’ opposition to English tax policies. It represented the colonists’ fulfillment of English tax policies.Evidence:17. Why did Parliament eventually repeal the Stamp Act, which taxed goods such as newspapers and playing cards?The colonists established a blockade against British goods.The colonists were able to produce their own goods.The colonists started destroying British goods.The colonists began boycotting British goods.Evidence:18. The political cartoon below was created by Benjamin Franklin in1754. Source: Library of Congress Which action did colonists use this cartoon to support? Declaring independence from the British monarchy.Declaring loyalty to the British monarchy.Dissolving colonial legislatures.Dissolving colonial charters. Evidence:19. The quotes below are from historical documents. -19685106680“For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent”Source: Declaration of Independence00“For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent”Source: Declaration of Independence339788590170“All bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives…” Source: Article I Section 7 U.S. Constitution00“All bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives…” Source: Article I Section 7 U.S. Constitution What is the relationship between these concepts? Both declare to the world why the colonists wanted freedom from England.Both represent actions taken by the colonists to enforce English policies.Both are in response to English policies imposed upon the colonists.Both are responses by England to the actions of the colonists.Evidence:20. The table below shows views about government. ?Separation of powers protects the peopleThe national government has too much powerA bill of rights is not neededA bill of rights is neededNo branch controls anotherCongress has too much powerWhat title completes the table? Patriots and LoyalistsFederalists and Anti-FederalistsNew Jersey Plan and Virginia PlanArticles of Confederation and U.S. Constitution Evidence:21. The statement below appeared in a 1787 essay by James Winthrop. 62738061595It is impossible for one code of laws to suit Georgia and Massachusetts.Source: Letters of Agrippa, No. 400It is impossible for one code of laws to suit Georgia and Massachusetts.Source: Letters of Agrippa, No. 4What does this statement reflect? Federalist views Anti-Federalist views a cause of Shays’s Rebelliona cause of the Great Compromise Evidence:22. The passage below was written by James Madison in 1787.-1460518415Extend the sphere, and you take in a greater variety of parties and interests; you make it less probable that a majority of the whole will have a common motive to invade the rights of other citizens;… Source: Federalist Paper #10 00Extend the sphere, and you take in a greater variety of parties and interests; you make it less probable that a majority of the whole will have a common motive to invade the rights of other citizens;… Source: Federalist Paper #10 Based on this passage, what change in modern political society would Madison support? Expanding the size of the Cabinet.Expanding the size of the Electoral College. Expanding the number of candidates in campaigns. Expanding the role of special interest groups in campaigns.Evidence: ................
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