Newton’S Laws Guided Notes



Newton’s Laws

Guided Notes

Name________________________ Class Period___________

Essential Questions

• Who was Sir Isaac Newton?

• What are Newton’s three Laws of Motion?

• How do Newton’s Laws affect motion?

Key Vocabulary:

• Force – __________ or __________ exerted/put on an object, a _______or_______ that causes a _______________ of an object.

• Acceleration – ____________________________________

• Velocity – the __________of__________ with which something happens

• Speed – ________________________________

• Friction – the ______________ of movement on surfaces that touch.

• Mass – the ___________of____________ in an object.

• Gravity – the __________of___________________ that moves bodies

towards the __________ of the earth.

• Inertia – the__________ of a body to preserve its state of rest or motion unless acted upon by an __________force.

• Newton (N) – the _____for the ________of________ an object contains.

• Traction – a kind of ____________ that allows __________to turn ____________ ___________ on a surface.

• Weight – a _______________ of the _____________ of an object.

Who was Isaac Newton?

Sir Isaac Newton (_____-_____) an English ___________ and ___________, is famous for his discovery of the _________ ________ of ______________. Today these laws are known as Newton’s __________of ___________ and describe ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Newton’s 1st Law:

An object at rest will ________ ____ _______ and an object in motion will ________ ____ ___________ at a constant _____________, unless acted upon by an _____________________ force.

______________ is the tendency of an object to ____________ ____________ in its velocity: whether in motion or motionless.

Once airborne, unless acted on by an ______________ ___________ (gravity and air – fluid friction), it would never stop!

Why then, do we observe every day objects in motion slowing down and becoming motionless seemingly without an outside force?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Objects on earth, unlike the frictionless space the moon travels through, are under the influence of _________________.

What is this unbalanced force that acts on an object in motion?

____________________________________

■ There are four main types of friction:

■ Sliding friction: _________________ __________________

■ Rolling friction: ________________________

■ Fluid friction (air or liquid): _______________ or _________________

■ Static friction: ____________________________________

Let’s Review:

1. _________

2. _________

3. _________

4. _________

5. _________

6. _________

Newtons 2nd Law:

___________ equals ________ times _______________________.

or F=ma.

Acceleration: a ______________________of how quickly an object is ______________________ _________________. (Acceleration occurs when an object speeds up, slows down, or changes its direction of motion... ANY __________________ in ___________________ is ____________________________)

Mass: the amount of _______________ in an ____________________.

The _____________ _________________ that is applied, the _________________ the object will ________________________________________.

The ________________ will accelerate ____ the _____________ of the __________________.

■ When mass is in kilograms and acceleration is in m/s/s, the unit of force is in newtons (N).

■ One newton is equal to the force required to accelerate one kilogram of mass at one meter/second/second.

■ How much force is needed to accelerate a 1400 kilogram car 2 meters per second/per second?

■ Write the formula

■ F = m x a

■ Fill in given numbers and units

■ F = 1400 kg x 2 meters per second/second

■ Solve for the unknown

■ 2800 kg-meters/second/second or 2800 N

Let’s Review:

1.________

2. .________

3. .________

4.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Newton’s 3rd Law:

For every ________________, there is an ______________and ____________________ reaction

What does this mean?

For every ____________ acting on an object, there is an _____________ __________________ acting in the _______________ direction. Right now, gravity is pulling you ___________in your seat, but Newton’s Third Law says your seat is ________________ ______ against you with ______________ force.

Two Forces At Work:

• The forces that 2 ____________put on each other are called an ______________-_______________ force pair.

• The forces in the force pair are ______________ in _________________, but ________________________in _______________________________. .

• One is called the __________________________ force.

• The other is called the _____________________ force.

Let’s Review:

1._______

2._______

3._______

4._______

Common Misconception:

Explain (with your spleen) the correct interpretation of the effect of the pull of the Earth and moon to each other:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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